中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (35): 5224-5230.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.35.008

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

股骨近端防旋髓内钉修复老年骨质疏松性股骨转子间骨折:发生下肢深静脉血栓的特点

魏俊强1,刘利蕊2,王新宇3,闫 石1,金 宇1,冯 震1   

  1. 承德医学院附属医院,1创伤骨科,2新生儿科,3产科,河北省承德市   067000
  • 修回日期:2016-06-12 出版日期:2016-08-26 发布日期:2016-08-26
  • 作者简介:魏俊强,男,1983年生,内蒙古自治区包头市人,汉族,2010年河北医科大学毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事创伤骨科、骨及软组织肿瘤、骨科相关并发症研究。
  • 基金资助:

    承德市科技局资助课题(201601A045)

Proximal femoral nail antirotation fixation for osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture in the elderly: characteristics of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity

Wei Jun-qiang1, Liu Li-rui2, Wang Xin-yu3, Yan Shi1, Jin Yu1, Feng Zhen1   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China; 2Department of Neonatal Pediatrics, the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China; 3Department of Obstetrics, the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
  • Revised:2016-06-12 Online:2016-08-26 Published:2016-08-26
  • About author:Wei Jun-qiang, Master, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:

     the Foundation of Bureau of Science and Technology of Chengde City, No. 201601A045

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
文题释义:
骨质疏松性骨折:骨质疏松性骨折是骨质疏松症最严重的后果,骨质疏松症导致的骨折是脆性骨折,多见于髋部、胸腰段等部位。骨质疏松性骨折严重威胁老年人身心健康,降低生存期和生活质量,尤其是髋部骨折和椎体多发骨折。
深静脉血栓形成:指血液在静脉内不正常的凝结,使血管完全或不完全阻塞,属于静脉回流障碍性疾病,可发生于全身各部位静脉,多见于下肢静脉,骨科大手术后常发生,常无明显的临床症状。根据发生部位可分为近端(腘静脉或其近侧部位)和远端(小腿肌间静脉丛)。
 
摘要
背景:骨质疏松性髋部骨折患者是下肢深静脉血栓形成的高危人群,老年、手术治疗是血栓形成的重要危险因素,此类患者下肢深静脉血栓发生的高危时间点目前尚无研究。
目的:分析采用股骨近端防旋髓内钉修复老年骨质疏松性股骨转子间骨折患者围手术期下肢深静脉血栓发生的时间分布。
方法:纳入2012年6月至2016年1月承德医学院附属医院创伤骨科收治的采用股骨近端防旋髓内钉修复老年骨质疏松性股骨转子间骨折患者220例,根据患者术前是否采用预防性抗凝措施分为抗凝组和非抗凝组,2组患者分别于伤后第1,3,5天,伤后超过5天及术后第2,5,7,14天分别进行下肢血管彩色多普勒检查,统计总的血栓发生例数和发生率,并对2组患者进行比较。统计不同时间点2组患者新发生血栓的病例数和发生率,通过频数分布表分析伤后和术后血栓发生的高峰时间。

结果与结论:①220例患者中抗凝组154例,有18例发生血栓,发生率为12%;未抗凝组66例中发生深静脉血栓15例,发生率为23%,2组比较差异有显著性意义(P=0.041);②2组患者血栓发生的高峰时间是伤后前3 d和术后第1天;③结果表明,股骨近端防旋髓内钉修复股骨转子间骨折患者围手术期深静脉血栓的发生率高,深静脉血栓发生的高峰时间是伤后前3 d和术后第1天。患肢深静脉血栓的预防应从伤后即开始实施,伤后就进行药物预防性抗凝可以显著降低深静脉血栓的发生率。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

ORCID: 0000-0002-5003-1417(魏俊强)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 骨植入物, 股骨转子间骨折, 股骨近端防旋髓内钉, 骨质疏松, 深静脉血栓, 时间分布

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The risk of lower-extremity deep venous thrombosis was high in patients with the osteoporotic hip fracture. The aged age and hip fracture surgery are major risk factors for thrombosis. No study concerned the critical point in time course to the lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in the osteoporotic hip fracture patients.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the incidence of the perioperative deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity limb at different time slots in senile osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture patients repaired by proximal femoral nail antirotation fixation.
METHODS: From June 2012 to January 2016, 220 cases diagnosed as osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture and performed closed reduction and proximal femoral nail antirotation fixation were selected from the Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College in China. Based on administered low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) or not after trauma, there were two groups: LMWH group and the non-LMWH group. Vascular Doppler ultrasound was conducted at 1, 3 and 5 days after trauma, more than 5 days after trauma, 2, 5, 7 and 14 days after surgery. The total number of cases and incidence of thrombosis were recorded and compared between the two groups. The number of cases and the incidence of new thrombosis were recorded at different time points in both groups. Frequency distribution table was used to analyze the time of suffering thrombosis after injury and surgery.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Among 220 cases, 18 cases in the LMWH group (n=154) affected thrombosis, with an incidence of 12%, and 15 cases in the non-LMWH group (n=66) experienced deep vein thrombosis, with an incidence of 23%. Significant differences in the incidence of thrombosis were detected between the two groups (P=0.041). (2) Peak time of thrombus was 3 days before injury and 1 day after surgery in both groups. (3) Results suggested that the incidence of deep vein thrombosis was high in proximal femoral nail antirotation fixation for intertrochanteric fracture. The peak time of deep vein thrombosis was 3 days before injury and 1 day after surgery. The prevention of deep vein thrombosis should begin from injury. Prophylactic anticoagulation after injury can dramatically decrease the incidence of deep vein thrombosis. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Femoral Fractures, Osteoporosis, Bone Nails, Venous Thrombosis, Tissue Engineering

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