中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (34): 8878-8888.doi: 10.12307/2026.890

• 骨组织构建 bone tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

膝骨关节炎治疗靶点:生物信息学法识别

陈  才1,洪钟源1,邓怀东1,曾  勤1,陈健聪2   

  1. 广州中医药大学附属东莞中医院,1骨一科,2康复医学科,广东省东莞市  523000
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-17 修回日期:2026-02-12 出版日期:2026-12-08 发布日期:2026-04-11
  • 通讯作者: 洪钟源,医学硕士,副主任中医师,广州中医药大学附属东莞中医院骨一科,广东省东莞市 523000
  • 作者简介:陈才(曾用名:陈财),男,1994年生,湖北省黄冈市人,汉族,医学硕士,主要从事四肢骨病与创伤的防治研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省中医药管理局科研项目(20231365),项目负责人:洪钟源;广东省东莞市科技局社会发展科技项目(20221800900102),项目负责人:邓怀东

Therapeutic targets for knee osteoarthritis: identification via a bioinformatics approach

Chen Cai1, Hong Zhongyuan1, Deng Huaidong1, Zeng Qin1, Chen Jiancong2   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics I, 2Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan 523000, Guangdong Province, China 
  • Received:2025-09-17 Revised:2026-02-12 Online:2026-12-08 Published:2026-04-11
  • Contact: Hong Zhongyuan, MS, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics I, Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan 523000, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Chen Cai, MS, Department of Orthopedics I, Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan 523000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Guangdong Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Project, No. 20231365 (to HZY); Dongguan Municipal Science and Technology Bureau Social Development Science and Technology Project, No. 20221800900102 (to DHD) 

摘要:



文题释义:
基于数据汇总的孟德尔随机化:是一种利用全基因组关联研究(GWAS)的汇总统计数据推断暴露因素与结局之间因果关系的方法,核心是通过遗传变异(如单核苷酸多态性)作为工具变量,模拟随机对照试验的随机分配特性,减少混杂偏倚和反向因果的影响,在疾病机制解析和精准医学中具有重要价值。
分子动力学:是一种基于牛顿力学原理的计算模拟方法,通过数值求解原子或分子的运动方程,研究特定条件下的动态行为及相互作用机制,被广泛应用于药物设计、生物大分子功能解析、材料科学等领域,尤其在揭示膝骨关节炎等疾病相关分子机制中具有重要价值。

背景:膝骨关节炎的病因复杂、机制尚未完全明确,针对膝骨关节炎候选靶基因的研究将有利于进一步明确疾病的发病机制,为精准治疗提供依据。
目的:通过基于汇总数据的孟德尔随机化联合生物信息学法识别膝骨关节炎的治疗靶点,并进行细胞验证。
方法:从基因表达综合数据库中选择基因表达谱GSE46750、GSE55235、GSE82107以及GSE206848,基于|log2 FC| > 0.585以及校正后的P < 0.05为筛选条件,利用R语言软件获取差异基因。通过加权基因共表达网络分析算法获得相关性最高的模块基因,并与差异基因取交集,对交集基因进行GO和KEGG富集分析。在eQTLGen数据库中,利用基于汇总数据的孟德尔随机化分析获得与膝骨关节炎显著相关的遗传基因,同时将生物信息学法与基于汇总数据的孟德尔随机化分析共同鉴定的基因作为核心基因。通过分子对接和动力学模拟评估塞来昔布与核心基因的结合情况,通过CIBERSORT算法对核心基因进行免疫浸润分析。将人软骨细胞分为正常组与实验组(白细胞介素1β诱导骨关节炎细胞模型),qPCR检测肾上腺髓质素、人骨桥蛋白、溶酶体蛋白跨膜5 mRNA表达。
结果与结论:①生物信息学法共筛选出229个差异基因,GO富集分析显示差异基因主要与炎症反应、对外界刺激反应的正向调节、细胞活化的调节、趋化作用等生物学功能相关,KEGG富集分析显示差异基因主要富集于吞噬体、破骨细胞分化、补体与凝血级联信号通路与白细胞介素17信号通路等上。基于汇总数据的孟德尔随机化分析共获得了76个显著相关的遗传基因(P < 0.05,FDR < 0.05,HEIDI检验P > 0.05)。肾上腺髓质素、人骨桥蛋白、溶酶体蛋白跨膜5为核心基因,其中人骨桥蛋白、溶酶体蛋白跨膜5与膝骨关节炎的发展呈负相关,肾上腺髓质素与膝骨关节炎的发展呈正相关。分子对接与分子动力学模拟结果证实,核心基因与塞来昔布具有良好的构效关系。免疫浸润分析结果提示,肾上腺髓质素、人骨桥蛋白、溶酶体蛋白跨膜5均与多种免疫细胞存在相关性。qPCR检测显示,实验组细胞中人骨桥蛋白、溶酶体蛋白跨膜5 mRNA表达低于正常组(P < 0.001),肾上腺髓质素mRNA表达高于正常组(P < 0.001)。②结果表明,肾上腺髓质素、人骨桥蛋白、溶酶体蛋白跨膜5是膝骨关节炎发展的关键基因,有望成为防治膝骨关节炎的新靶点。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7279-0281(陈才)


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 基因表达谱, 差异基因, 关键基因, 膝骨关节炎, 基于汇总数据的孟德尔随机化分析, 分子对接, 分子动力学, 实验验证

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The etiology of knee osteoarthritis is complex and its mechanisms are not fully understood. Research on candidate target genes for knee osteoarthritis will help further clarify the pathogenesis of the disease and provide a basis for precision treatment.
OBJECTIVE: To identify therapeutic targets for knee osteoarthritis based on summary data using Mendelian randomization combined with bioinformatics methods, followed by cellular validation.
METHODS: Gene expression profiles GSE46750, GSE55235, GSE82107, and GSE206848 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes were obtained using R software with screening criteria of |log2FC| > 0.585 and adjusted P < 0.05. Module genes with the highest correlation were acquired using the Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis algorithm and intersected with differentially expressed genes. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed on the intersecting genes. Genetic genes significantly associated with knee osteoarthritis were obtained from the eQTLGen database using summary-data-based Mendelian randomization analysis. Genes jointly identified by both bioinformatics and summary-data-based Mendelian randomization analysis were defined as core genes. The binding of celecoxib to core genes was evaluated via molecular docking and dynamics simulations. Immune infiltration analysis of core genes was performed using the CIBERSORT algorithm. Human chondrocytes were divided into a normal group and an experimental group (interleukin-1β-induced osteoarthritis cell models). The mRNA expression of adrenomedullin, human osteopontin, and lysosomal membrane protein 5 was detected by qPCR.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Bioinformatics analysis identified 229 differentially expressed genes. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis showed that these genes were mainly associated with biological functions such as inflammatory response, positive regulation of response to external stimulus, regulation of cell activation, and chemotaxis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis revealed significant enrichment in pathways including phagosome, osteoclast differentiation, complement and coagulation cascades, and interleukin-17 signaling pathway. Summary-data-based Mendelian randomization analysis identified 76 significantly associated genetic genes (P < 0.05, FDR < 0.05, HEIDI test P > 0.05). Adrenomedullin, human osteopontin, and lysosomal membrane protein 5 were identified as core genes. Human osteopontin and lysosomal membrane protein 5 were negatively correlated with the progression of knee osteoarthritis, while adrenomedullin was positively correlated with the progression of knee osteoarthritis. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations confirmed favorable structure-activity relationships between the core genes and celecoxib. Immune infiltration analysis suggested that adrenomedullin, human osteopontin, and lysosomal membrane protein 5 were correlated with multiple immune cell types. qPCR detection showed that the mRNA expression of human osteopontin and lysosomal membrane protein 5 in the experimental group was lower than that in the normal group (P < 0.001), while the mRNA expression of adrenomedullin was higher than that in the normal group (P < 0.001). These findings indicate that adrenomedullin, human osteopontin, and lysosomal membrane protein 5 are key genes in the progression of knee osteoarthritis and may serve as promising novel targets for its prevention and treatment.

Key words: gene expression profile, differential genes, key genes, knee osteoarthritis, summary-data-based Mendelian randomization analysis, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, experimental validation

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