中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (24): 6345-6353.doi: 10.12307/2026.237

• 组织构建循证医学 evidence-based medicine in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

抗氧化剂预处理对急性大强度运动后骨骼肌损伤及氧化应激影响的Meta分析

夏才贵,李  卫,苏玉莹,石  煜,杨中和   

  1. 北京体育大学体能训练学院,北京市   100084
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-29 修回日期:2025-10-19 出版日期:2026-08-28 发布日期:2026-02-04
  • 通讯作者: 李卫,博士,教授,北京体育大学体能训练学院,北京市 100084
  • 作者简介:夏才贵,男,1999年生,重庆市垫江县人,汉族,北京体育大学在读硕士,主要从事运动训练理论与实践方面的研究。

Effects of antioxidant pretreatment on skeletal muscle damage and oxidative stress following acute high-intensity exercise: a meta-analysis

Xia Caigui, Li Wei, Su Yuying, Shi Yu, Yang Zhonghe   

  1. Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2025-07-29 Revised:2025-10-19 Online:2026-08-28 Published:2026-02-04
  • Contact: Li Wei, PhD, Professor, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
  • About author:Xia Caigui, MS candidate, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China

摘要:



文题释义:
抗氧化剂:是已被证明可以降低人体内活性氧和氮物种影响的物质,通常分为外源性和内源性。
氧化应激:是机体在遭受外界刺激时产生过量自由基和(或)超过自身清除能力而引起的氧化还原系统失衡的病理生理过程。

目的:当前研究发现,运动可诱发氧化应激反应,活性氧既参与运动适应又可能导致组织损伤,因此抗氧化干预需精准调控剂量与时机。此文通过Meta分析方法系统评价抗氧化剂预处理对急性剧烈运动后骨骼肌氧化应激损伤标志物的影响,并探讨剂量、干预周期及训练水平的调节作用。
方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、EBSCO、中国知网、维普、万方等数据库中关于抗氧化剂预处理对运动性氧化应激影响的随机对照试验,检索时限为各数据库建库至2025年2月,以物理治疗证据量表评价文献质量,采用RevMan 5.4和Stata软件进行数据分析。
结果:①12篇文献中的16项研究纳入Meta分析,含不同水平运动员和规律运动人群264人;②7项研究的物理治疗证据量表评分为6-8分,5项研究的评分为9分,总体方法学质量较高;③Meta分析结果显示:抗氧化剂预处理可显著降低运动后血清肌酸激酶 [SMD=-0.31,95%CI(-0.63,0.00),P=0.05]、白细胞介素6 [SMD=-0.66,95%CI(-1.03,-0.29),P=0.000 5]及丙二醛水平[SMD=-1.10,95%CI(-1.96,
-0.23),P=0.01],并提升谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性[SMD=1.33,95%CI(0.87,1.78),P < 0.000 01]和总抗氧化能力 [MD=4.77,95%CI(3.87,5.67),P < 0.000 01];亚组分析显示,低剂量(≤500 mg/d)短期(≤14 d)干预对丙二醛水平的抑制效果更显著(SMD=-1.15),而高剂量长期干预可能抑制运动适应性;训练水平可显著调节效应量,一般运动员的丙二醛水平降低幅度优于等级运动员(P < 0.05)。
结论:抗氧化剂预处理可有效缓解急性剧烈运动引发的氧化应激损伤,但其效果受剂量、干预周期和训练水平的影响;短期高剂量补充适用于赛事期快速恢复,长期应用需权衡抗氧化效益与适应性抑制风险。
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6497-1674 (夏才贵) 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 抗氧化剂预处理, 氧化应激, 运动性损伤, 剂量效应, Meta分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Current evidence indicates that exercise-induced oxidative stress involves a dual role of reactive oxygen species, which participate in exercise adaptation while potentially causing tissue damage, highlighting the necessity for precise regulation of antioxidant dosage and timing. This study employs a Meta-analytic approach to systematically evaluate the effects of antioxidant pretreatment on biomarkers of skeletal muscle oxidative stress injury following acute strenuous exercise, and to explore the moderating effects of dosage, intervention duration, and training status. 
METHODS: A systematic search was conducted for randomized controlled trials that investigated the effects of antioxidant pretreatment on exercise-induced oxidative stress in PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, CNKI, VIP and WanFang databases from inception to February 2025. Literature quality was assessed using the physiotherapy evidence database scale. Data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata statistical software.
RESULTS: (1) This meta-analysis included 16 studies from 12 publications, comprising 264 athletes and regularly exercising individuals. (2) The physiotherapy evidence database scale scores ranged from 6-8 (7 studies) to 9 (5 studies), indicating overall high methodological quality. (3) Meta analysis results showed that antioxidant pretreatment significantly decreased post-exercise serum creatine kinase[standardized mean difference (SMD)=-0.31, 95%confidence interval (CI) (-0.63, 0.00), P=0.05], interleukin-6 [SMD=-0.66, 95%CI (-1.03, -0.29), P=0.0005], and malondialdehyde levels [SMD=-1.10, 95%CI (-1.96, -0.23), P=0.01], while significantly increasing glutathione peroxidase activity [SMD=1.33, 95%CI (0.87, 1.78), P < 0.000 01] and total antioxidant capacity [mean difference=4.77, 95%CI (3.87, 5.67), P < 0.000 01]. Subgroup analysis revealed that low-dose (≤ 500 mg/d) short-term (≤ 14 days) interventions showed superior effects on malondialdehyde reduction (SMD=-1.15), whereas high-dose long-term interventions potentially attenuated exercise adaptation. Training status significantly moderated effect sizes, with greater malondialdehyde reduction in sub-elite versus elite athletes (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Antioxidant pretreatment effectively mitigates oxidative stress injury induced by acute intense exercise, but its efficacy is modulated by dosage, intervention duration, and training level. Short-term high-dose supplementation can aid in rapid recovery during competition periods, while long-term use requires balancing the antioxidant benefits against the risks of adaptive response suppression.

Key words: antioxidant pretreatment, oxidative stress, exercise-induced injury, dose-effect relationship, meta-analysis

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