中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (11): 2745-2751.doi: 10.12307/2026.075

• 口腔组织构建 oral tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

替牙期腭裂患者无托槽隐形矫治器扩弓优化的有限元分析

于  淼1，邵天洋1，庄  妍1，栾春阳1，赵  玥2   

  1. 1佳木斯大学口腔医学院，黑龙江省口腔生物医学材料及临床应用重点实验室，佳木斯大学口腔医学工程实验中心，黑龙江省佳木斯市   154002；2佳木斯大学附属口腔医院儿童牙病二科，佳木斯大学口腔医学院，黑龙江省佳木斯市   154002
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-01 接受日期:2025-05-16 出版日期:2026-04-18 发布日期:2025-09-05
  • 通讯作者: 赵玥，硕士，主任医师，佳木斯大学附属口腔医院儿童牙病二科，佳木斯大学口腔医学院，黑龙江省佳木斯市 154002
  • 作者简介:于淼，女，1998年生，黑龙江省勃利县人，汉族，佳木斯大学在读硕士，主要从事儿童口腔医学研究。

Optimal finite element analysis of arch expansion in patients with cleft palate with bracketless invisible appliance during dental replacement

Yu Miao1, Shao Tianyang1, Zhuang Yan1, Luan Chunyang1, Zhao Yue2   

  1. 1Jiamusi University School of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine and Clinical Application of Heilongjiang Province, Jiamusi University School of Stomatology Experimental Center for Stomatological Engineering, Jiamusi 154002, Heilongjiang Province, China; 2Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Jiamusi University Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Jiamusi University School of Stomatology, Jiamusi 154002, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Received:2024-03-01 Accepted:2025-05-16 Online:2026-04-18 Published:2025-09-05
  • Contact: Zhao Yue, MS, Chief physician, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Jiamusi University Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Jiamusi University School of Stomatology, Jiamusi 154002, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • About author:Yu Miao, MS candidate, Jiamusi University School of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine and Clinical Application of Heilongjiang Province, Jiamusi University School of Stomatology Experimental Center for Stomatological Engineering, Jiamusi 154002, Heilongjiang Province, China

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摘要：


文题释义：
优化设计：是一种将计算机辅助设计(CAD)与计算机辅助工程(CAE)技术相结合的迭代式设计方法。在该项研究中，通过参数化建模定义设计变量，利用软件对模型进行力学加载与求解，评估当前设计是否满足预设条件，若未达标，则通过反馈修正设计变量并重新迭代。该技术突破了传统试错法的局限，能够高效探索复杂生物力学系统的优化路径。
有限元分析：是一种基于数值计算的工程模拟方法，通过将复杂结构离散化为有限数量的小单元，模拟实际工况下的应力、应变及位移分布。在口腔医学中，有限元分析被用于评估矫治器施加的力学效应，例如通过建立替牙期腭裂患者的上颌骨、牙列及矫治器三维模型，分析不同扩弓方案对牙齿和牙周膜的生物力学响应。 

背景：无托槽隐形矫治技术在腭裂患者中应用的优势逐渐受到关注，但目前对牙控制效果及替牙期腭裂患者无托槽隐形矫治器扩弓效应的研究较少。
目的：通过三维有限元分析评价使用无托槽隐形矫治器在替牙期单侧唇腭裂修复中扩弓效果以及对牙齿位移模式、控根效率的影响，并通过优化设计减小牙齿颊侧倾斜及提高矫治器扩弓效果。
方法：选取1名10岁男性单侧完全腭裂患者的CT扫描数据，建立替牙期单侧完全腭裂患者无托槽隐形矫治器上颌扩弓的有限元模型，将该模型导入有限元解算器ANSYS workbench 软件中分析4组工况下扩弓后第一前磨牙、第一磨牙位移以及牙周膜应力分布。工况1：仅模拟无托槽隐形矫治器扩弓；工况2：模拟无托槽隐形矫治器扩弓，并添加第一磨牙、第一前磨牙1°根颊向转矩；工况3：在工况2基础上利用计算机CAD与CAE联合优化设计添加第一前磨牙、第一磨牙压力点；工况4：在工况2基础上通过优化设计添加第一前磨牙、第一磨牙一对压力点组。
结果与结论：牙列总位移4组均颊向略偏远中移动，第一前磨牙、第一磨牙牙根位移工况4最大，位移差值工况4最小，牙周膜应力工况4最小。说明无托槽隐形矫治扩弓经优化后可以有效减小第一前磨牙、第一磨牙颊向倾斜移动，提高整体移动效果，并且优化后牙周膜内部应力实现了更为均衡、有序的分布状态，减少了局部应力过度集中的状况。
https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5338-2350(于淼) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程

关键词: 无托槽隐形矫治器, 扩弓, 替牙期, 腭裂, 牙齿, 有限元分析, 优化设计

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The advantages of bracketless invisible orthodontic technology in patients with cleft palate are gaining attention, but there are fewer studies on its control of teeth and the effect of bracketless invisible orthodontic appliance on arch expansion in patients with cleft palate during dental replacement.
OBJECTIVE: Through three-dimensional finite element analysis, to evaluate the effect of arch expansion on tooth displacement pattern and root control efficiency in unilateral cleft lip and palate prosthesis repair with invisible appliance without groove, and to reduce the buccal tilt of teeth and improve the arch expansion effect of appliance through optimization design. 
METHODS: CT scan data of a 10-year-old male with unilateral complete cleft palate were selected to establish the finite element model of maxillary arch expansion in patients with unilateral complete palate cleft with bracketless invisible orthodontics. The model was imported into the finite element solver ANSYS workbench software to analyze the first premolar, first molar displacement and periodontal membrane stress distribution after arch expansion under various working conditions. Condition 1: Only the arch expansion of the invisible appliance was simulated; Condition 2: To simulate the arch expansion of the invisible appliance without brackets, and add 1° root buccal torque of the first molar and the first premolar; Condition 3: On the basis of Condition 2, the first premolar and the pressure point of the first molar were added by computer CAD and CAE combined optimization design; Condition 4: On the basis of Condition 2, the first premolar and a pair of pressure point sets of the first molar were added through optimal design. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The total displacements of the first premolars and first molars moved slightly to the middle in the four conditions. The root displacements of the first premolars and first molars were the largest in Condition 4, the difference of displacements was the smallest in Condition 4, and the periodontal membrane stress was the smallest in Condition 4. The expansion with bracketless invisible orthodontic appliance can effectively reduce the mesial inclination of the first premolar and first molar, improve the overall movement effect, and optimize the internal stress of periodontal ligament to achieve a more balanced and orderly distribution of stress, reducing the situation of excessive local stress concentration.


Key words: bracketless invisible orthodontic appliance, arch expansion, dental replacement period, cleft palate, tooth, finite element analysis, optimization design

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