中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (27): 4367-4372.doi: 10.12307/2023.601

• 骨科植入物相关临床实践 Clinical practice of orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

胫骨结节远端单平面截骨患者髌股关节退变及髌骨高度的改变

李晓敏1,田向东2,谭冶彤2,薛志鹏2,马  晟2,胡元一2,黄  叶1,丁天送1   

  1. 1北京中医药大学研究生院,北京市   100029;2北京中医药大学第三附属医院微创关节科,北京市   100029
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-24 接受日期:2022-07-27 出版日期:2023-09-28 发布日期:2022-11-08
  • 通讯作者: 田向东,主任医师,教授,北京中医药大学第三附属医院微创关节科,北京市 100029
  • 作者简介:李晓敏,男,1997年生,甘肃省人,北京中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事运动医学与关节损伤方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    北京市北京中医药大学重点攻关项目(2020-JYB-ZDGG-142-5),项目负责人:田向东

Effect of distal tibial tuberosity-high tibial osteotomy on patellofemoral joint degeneration and patellar height

Li Xiaomin1, Tian Xiangdong2, Tan Yetong2, Xue Zhipeng2, Ma Sheng2, Hu Yuanyi2, Huang Ye1, Ding Tiansong1   

  1. 1Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; 2Department of Minimally Invasive Joints, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2022-06-24 Accepted:2022-07-27 Online:2023-09-28 Published:2022-11-08
  • Contact: Tian Xiangdong, Chief physician, Professor, Department of Minimally Invasive Joints, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
  • About author:Li Xiaomin, Master candidate, Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
  • Supported by:
    Research Project of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 2020-JYB-ZDGG-142-5 (to TXD)

摘要:


文题释义:

胫骨结节远端单平面截骨术:是内侧开放楔形截骨术式的一种,它的特点是截骨线位于胫骨结节下三分之一,同时采用了单平面截骨,较双平面截骨操作简单,力线矫正更为方便。
髌股关节退变:髌股关节是膝关节的重要组成部分,股骨滑车与髌骨关节面软骨出现磨损提示髌股关节退变,早期可无明显症状,晚期出现髌周疼痛,膝关节屈伸受限。

背景:胫骨结节远端单平面截骨作为内侧开放楔形截骨术中的一种,在临床应用广泛,但目前尚缺乏该术式对髌股关节退变以及对髌骨高度影响的相关报道。
目的:探究胫骨结节远端单平面截骨对髌股关节退变以及髌骨高度的影响。
方法:回顾性分析2019年1月至2020年1月北京中医药大学第三附属医院收治的63例内侧间室膝骨关节炎合并髌股关节轻中度退变患者的病历资料,其中男20例,女43例,均行关节镜清理术联合胫骨结节远端单平面截骨术,所有患者均完成手术并获得随访,在骨折处良好愈合后建议取出内植物并进行再次关节镜探查。采用膝关节轴位45° X射线片Kellgren-Lawrence分级、Iwano分级以及国际软骨修复协会软骨损伤分级评价两次手术时患者髌股关节退变情况;采用Caton-Deschamps指数、Blackburne-Peel指数以及Insall-Salvati指数评价两次手术时髌骨高度的变化情况;以疼痛目测类比评分及美国西安大略与麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数评价两次手术时患者膝关节疼痛和功能;采用下肢力线比率评价两次手术时患者下肢力线情况。
结果与结论:①63例患者均获得随访,随访时间20-36个月;②再次手术时的膝关节轴位45° X射线片Kellgren-Lawrence分级、Iwano分级以及国际软骨修复协会分级虽有进展性改变,但与初次手术时比较无显著差异(P > 0.05);③再次手术时通过3种方法测量的髌骨高度与初次手术时无显著差异(P > 0.05);④再次手术时的膝关节疼痛目测类比评分、美国西安大略与麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数以及下肢力线比率均显著优于初次手术,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);⑤提示对于内侧间室膝骨关节炎合并髌股关节轻中度退变、而无髌股关节症状的患者,胫骨结节远端单平面截骨的治疗效果显著,能够明显缓解膝关节疼痛,改善膝关节功能,并且在短期内对髌骨高度以及髌股关节退变没有明显的影响。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3094-1816 (李晓敏)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 胫骨结节远端单平面截骨, 内侧间室, 膝骨关节炎, 髌股关节, 退变

Abstract: BACKGROUND: As a kind of medial open wedge osteotomy, distal tibial tuberosity-high tibial osteotomy has been widely used in clinical practice, but there are still few reports about the effect of this method on patellofemoral joint degeneration and patellar height.  
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of distal tibial tuberosity-high tibial osteotomy on the degeneration of patellofemoral joint and patellar height.
METHODS: Totally 63 medial compartment knee osteoarthritis patients combined with mild-to-moderate patellofemoral joint degeneration, who were treated in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from January 2019 to January 2020, were retrospectively analyzed. There were 20 males and 43 females. They received arthroscopy cleaning technique and distal tibial tuberosity-high tibial osteotomy. All patients finished surgery and were followed up. Removal of the implant and re-arthroscopy were recommended after good healing at the fracture site. Knee 45° axial radiographs were used with Kellgren-Lawrence grading, Iwano grading and International Cartilage Repair Society grading to evaluate the degeneration of patellofemoral joint during the two operations. Caton-Deschamps index, Blackburne-Peel index and Inall-Salvati index were used to evaluate the changes of patellar height during the two surgeries. The Visual Analogue Scale and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index were utilized to assess knee pain and function at the time of both surgeries. The weight bearing line ratio was used to evaluate the lower limb force line of patients during the two surgeries.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All the 63 patients were followed up for 20-36 months. (2) On the knee 45° axial radiographs, Kellgren-Lawrence grading, Iwano grading and International Cartilage Repair Society grading at the second operation showed progressive changes, but there was no significant difference compared with that at the first operation (P > 0.05). (3) There was no significant difference in the patellar height measured by the three methods during the second operation compared with the first operation (P > 0.05). (4) The knee Visual Analogue Scale of pain score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score and weight bearing line ratio of the second operation were significantly better than those of the first operation (P < 0.05). (5) It is indicated that in patients with the medial compartment knee osteoarthritis combined with mild-to-moderate patellofemoral joint degeneration, but without symptoms of patellofemoral joint, treatment effect of distal tibial tuberosity-high tibial osteotomy is remarkable. The surgery could obviously relieve knee pain, improve the function of knee joint, and had no obvious effect on patellar height and patellofemoral joint degeneration in the short term.

Key words: distal tibial tuberosity-high tibial osteotomy, medial compartment, knee osteoarthritis, patellofemoral joint, degeneration

中图分类号: