中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (34): 5513-5518.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.34.017

• 材料生物相容性 material biocompatibility • 上一篇    下一篇

关节镜下膝交叉韧带重建中自体与异体肌腱移植物的疗效比较

杨松杰,张清旭,陈绪彪,林晓旭,邱雪立
  

  1. 汕头市中心医院骨科,广东省汕头市  515031
  • 收稿日期:2017-07-03 出版日期:2017-12-08 发布日期:2018-01-04
  • 作者简介:杨松杰,男,1983年生,广东省汕头市人,主治医师,主要从事运动损伤修复治疗研究。
  • 基金资助:

    2012年汕头市科技计划项目(E201200538)

Anterior and posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction under arthroscopy: tendon autografts versus allografts

Yang Song-jie, Zhang Qing-xu, Chen Xu-biao, Lin Xiao-xu, Qiu Xue-li
  

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515031, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2017-07-03 Online:2017-12-08 Published:2018-01-04
  • About author:Yang Song-jie, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515031, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Scientific Research Plan of Shantou City in 2012, No. E201200538

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:
理想的肌腱移植物:易获取,具有足够的长度和直径;本身的生物学特性与所替代的韧带具有较好的相似性;能够提供与保留新的血液供应;获取后不影响原部位正常的组织结构功能。
膝交叉韧带重建移植物:既往自体骨-髌腱-骨被认为是“金标准”,但由于出现膝前疼痛、髌骨骨折、髌腱炎等并发症,其临床应用大为减少,现主流方式为采用自体腘绳肌腱或同种异体肌腱来重建交叉韧带。自体腘绳肌腱取材容易,对关节局部的影响较小,膝周病变发生率低,术后康复快,可取得与自体骨-髌腱-骨相似的长期临床效果。但由于自体取腱来源有限,切取腘绳肌腱会降低屈膝和内旋肌力,可能导致术后关节稳定性较差、屈膝乏力等。异体肌腱的最大优点是不会损害患者原有的肌腱,而且数量可根据需要选择,特别是自体肌腱来源受到限制时更显示出异体肌腱移植的优越性。
 
背景:国内多数研究表明异体与自体肌腱重建交叉韧带的疗效相近,均是良好的移植物,近期疗效满意。
目的:比较自体与异体肌腱移植物在关节镜下膝交叉韧带重建中的临床疗效。
方法:将100例膝关节交叉韧带断裂患者随机分2组,每组50例,均在关节镜下进行交叉韧带重建手术,自体肌腱组移植物采用自体肌腱,异体肌腱组移植物采用同种异体肌腱。比较两组患者治疗前和出院时的关节稳定性及活动度;出院后1,3,6,9个月,随访观察两组肌力恢复程度、Werner髌股痛评分及Lysholm评分。
结果与结论:①关节稳定性:两组出院时的的Lachman试验阳性率、轴移试验阳性率均较治疗前明显改善(P < 0.05);出院时,两组Lachman试验阳性率、轴移试验阳性率比较差异均无显著性意义;②关节活动度:治疗后,两组关节伸直活动度、屈曲活动度比较差异均无显著性意义;③随访情况:两组治疗后不同时间点的肌力恢复程度、Werner髌股痛评分及Lysholm评分均较治疗明显改善(P < 0.05);出院后1,3,6,9个月,两组间各指标比较差异均无显著性意义;④结果表明:自体与异体肌腱移植物在关节镜下膝交叉韧带重建中均能够明显改善患者关节稳定性和活动度,具有较好的近期临床疗效。

关键词: 生物材料, 材料相容性, 自体肌腱移植物, 异体肌腱移植物, 膝交叉韧带, 膝交叉韧带重建, 关节镜, 疗效

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Most domestic studies have shown that there are similar curative effects of allogeneic and  autogenous tendons in anterior or posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Both of them are good grafts that can achieve satisfactory outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacies of allogeneic and autogenous tendons in anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments reconstruction under arthroscopy.
METHODS: A total of 100 patients with knee cruciate ligament rupture undergoing anterior and posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction under arthroscopy were enrolled in this study, and randomly divided into two groups (n=50 per group): autogenous tendon group and allogeneic tendon group. The joint stability and mobility of the two groups were compared before operation and at discharge. The muscle strength recovery, Werner patellofemoral pain score and the Lysholm score of the two groups were evaluated and compared at 1, 3, 6, 9 months after discharge.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Joint stability: The Lachman test positive rates and axial shift test positive rates in the two groups after operation were significantly better than the baseline (P < 0.05). At discharge, there were no significant differences in Lachman test positive rates and axial shift test positive rates between the two groups. (2) Joint range of motion: There were no significant differences in the joint ranges of extension and flexion between the two groups after operation. (3) Follow-up visit: Muscle strength, the Werner patellar pain scores and the Lysholm scores in the two groups were significantly improved at discharge (P < 0.05), but there were no significant difference between the two groups at 1, 3, 6, 9 months after discharge. In summary, autologous hamstring tendon and allogeneic tendon have the same clinical therapeutic effects in anterior and posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction under arthroscopy, both of which can achieve good short-term outcomes.

Key words: Transplants, Arthroscopes, Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Graft, Tissue Engineering

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