中国组织工程研究

• 骨与关节学术探讨 academic discussion of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

影响椎弓根螺钉固定强度的相关因素

殷建新   

  1. 泰安市新汶矿业集团中心医院骨三科,山东省泰安市  271219
  • 收稿日期:2013-06-20 修回日期:2013-08-17 出版日期:2013-10-22 发布日期:2013-11-02
  • 作者简介:殷建新,男,1973年生,江苏省南通市人,汉族,1997年山东医科大学毕业,副主任医师,主要从事骨科研究。 xinwenyjx@126.com

Influencing factors of fixation strength of pedicle screws

Yin Jian-xin   

  1. Third Department of Orthopedics, Xinwen Mining Industry Group Central Hospital, Taian  271219, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2013-06-20 Revised:2013-08-17 Online:2013-10-22 Published:2013-11-02
  • About author:Yin Jian-xin, Associate chief physician, Third Department of Orthopedics, Xinwen Mining Industry Group Central Hospital, Taian 271219, Shandong Province, China xinwenyjx@126.com

摘要:

背景:椎弓根螺钉作为一种较为优良的脊柱内固定手段,近几年来已越来越广泛应用于临床实践中。
目的:探讨影响椎弓根螺钉固定强度的相关因素,为临床选择椎弓根螺钉类型提供生物力学依据。
方法:通过检索近年来文章内容与椎弓根螺钉的生物力学相关文献,从椎弓根螺钉器械自身几何形态因素、植入技术因素、椎弓根解剖因素、椎体的骨密度因素、螺钉的制作工艺及材料性能因素等对固定强度的影响相关研究成果作回顾性分析,为临床提供理论依据。
结果与结论:文章结果显示椎弓根螺钉的自身形态如螺钉大小、螺纹形状、疲劳特性是影响固定强度的主要因素,椎体的骨密度、螺钉的制作工艺及材料性能也是影响固定强度不可忽视的因素。通过增加螺钉的直径、改进螺钉形态设计、强化骨质、改进操作技术可以提高螺钉的拔出力,提高螺钉的稳定性。

关键词: 骨关节植入物, 骨与关节学术探讨, 椎弓根螺钉, 内固定, 脊柱, 椎弓根, 生物力学, 螺钉拔出力, 螺钉直径, 螺纹设计, 生物材料, 骨密度, 椎弓根进钉点

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Pedicle screw is a good means for internal fixation and has been widely used in clinical practice.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the factors influencing the fixation strength of pedicle screws, and to provide biomechanical basis for clinical selection of pedicle screws.
METHODS: The recently published studies addressing the biomechanics of pedicle screws were retrieved, and those focusing on the influence of pedicle screw geometry, implantation technique, pedicle anatomical factor, vertebral bone density, screw manufacturing process and material properties on the fixation strength of pedicle screws were retrospectively analyzed, thus providing theoretical basis for clinical treatment.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Results showed that, the appearances of pedicle screws such as screw size, screw thread form and fatigue property are the main factors associated with the fixation strength, in addition, vertebral bone density, screw manufacturing process and material properties cannot be ignored. The screw withdrawal force and stability can be improved by increasing screw diameter, improving screw design, strengthening bone density, and modifying operations.

Key words: spinal fractures, fracture fixation, internal, bone nails, bone density, biomechanics

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