中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (24): 3862-3869.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2751

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

应用Masquelet技术治疗大段骨缺损减少自体骨用量的可能性

王  钊,闫  石   

  1. 承德医学院附属医院创伤骨科,河北省承德市  067000
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-21 修回日期:2019-10-25 接受日期:2020-01-02 出版日期:2020-08-28 发布日期:2020-08-15
  • 通讯作者: 闫石,主任医师,硕士生导师,承德医学院附属医院创伤骨科,河北省承德市 067000
  • 作者简介:王钊,男,1995年生,河北省邢台市人,汉族,承德医学院在读硕士,主要从事骨缺损修复方面的研究。

Possibility of treating large bone defect and reducing the amount of autogenous bone using Masquelet technique

Wang Zhao, Yan Shi   

  1. Department of Trauma Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2019-10-21 Revised:2019-10-25 Accepted:2020-01-02 Online:2020-08-28 Published:2020-08-15
  • Contact: Yan Shi, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Trauma Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Wang Zhao, Master candidate, Department of Trauma Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:

Masquelet技术:又称诱导膜技术,是目前治疗大段骨缺损的有效方法之一。该技术由2个阶段组成,第一个阶段为培育诱导膜阶段,该阶段进行彻底清创后以骨水泥充填骨缺损,充分的软组织覆盖;第二个阶段为植入自体骨阶段,该阶段在完整保留诱导膜的情况下去除骨水泥,充填自体骨。

骨运输技术:又称Ilizarov 技术,指将骨切断成为2个骨段并保留软组织及血供,用牵张器固定,经一段时间后按一定速度和频率逐步施加牵拉力将骨段牵开,基于张力-应力法则,骨段被缓慢牵拉时会保持一定张力,可刺激组织生长新骨不断增殖,达到骨延长目的。

背景:Masquelet技术是目前治疗大段骨缺损的有效方法之一,该技术在手术治疗的第二阶段中需要使用较多的自体骨,而自体骨来源有限且存在供区并发症的风险,如何减少自体骨的使用量是一个亟待解决的问题。

目的:结合国内外诱导膜技术的发展现状,介绍在诱导膜技术中如何减少自体骨用量的一些有效方法,包括填充骨移植替代材料及一些特殊的手术方式。

方法:由第一作者应用计算机检索PubMed、知网、万方数据库中1996年1月至2019年9月出版的文献,英文检索词为“masquelet technique;induced membrane;bone transport technique;autologous bone;bone defect;bone graft;3D printing;tissue engineering”;中文检索词为“Masquelet技术;诱导膜;骨运输技术;自体骨;骨缺损;骨移植物;3D打印;组织工程”。

结果与结论:自诱导膜技术出现之后不断有学者对该术式进行改进与创新,但针对如何减少诱导膜第二阶段自体骨使用量的问题,目前还没有一种国际统一的观点。目前应用的改进方式各有其优缺点,临床医师还需根据客观条件进行选择。Jong-Keon Oh提出的将明胶海绵作为植骨中心、外周环形植骨的方法简单且实用。组织工程技术具有发展潜力,随着种子细胞与支架材料的深入研究,将逐步取代现有的治疗方案。根据现有研究可大致将未来诱导膜技术研究方向归纳为4种方向:膜技术的改进,手术方式的改进,应用联合材料,3D打印及组织工程技术的应用,这些方向需要进一步探索和发展。

ORCID: 0000-0003-4274-0421(王钊)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: Masquelet技术, 诱导膜, 骨运输技术, 自体骨, 骨缺损, 骨移植物, 3D打印, 组织工程

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Masquelet technique is one of the effective methods to repair large bone defects. This technique requires the use of more autologous bone in the second stage of surgical treatment. However, the source of autologous bone is limited and the complications in the donor area are inevitable. How to reduce the use of autologous bone is an urgent problem to be solved.

OBJECTIVE: By combining with the development status of induced membrane technology at home and abroad, this review introduced some effective methods to reduce the amount of autologous bone in induced membrane technology, including filling bone graft replacement materials and some special surgical methods.

METHODS: The first author used a computer to retrieve the literature published in PubMed, CNKI and Wanfang databases from January 1996 to September 2019. The search terms were “Masquelet technique; induced membrane; bone transport technique; autologous bone; bone defect; bone graft; 3D printing; tissue engineering”.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Since the emergence of the Masquelet technique, the technique has been constantly improved and innovated by scholars. However, there is no international consensus on how to reduce the use of autologous bone in the second stage of Masquelet technique. At present, each of improvement methods has its own advantages and disadvantages, and clinicians need to choose according to objective conditions. The method proposed by Jong-Keon Oh, using gelfoam as the bone grafting center and the peripheral ring for bone grafting, is simple and practical. Tissue engineering technology has potential for development. With the further study of seed cells and scaffold materials, it will gradually replace the existing treatment schemes. According to the existing research, the research direction of Masquelet technique in the future can be roughly summarized into four directions: The improvement of membrane technology, the improvement of surgical methods, the application of combined materials, and the application of 3D printing and tissue engineering technology. These directions need further exploration and development by scholars.

Key words: Masquelet technique, induced membrane, bone transport technique, autologous bone, bone defect, bone graft, 3D printing, tissue engineering

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