中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (22): 3561-3566.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.22.020

• 药物控释材料 drug delivery materials • 上一篇    下一篇

羧化壳聚糖止血及其生物安全性评价

刘  霞,赵桂芝,王昱霁,蔡婷婷,朱婉萍
  

  1. 浙江省中医药研究院,浙江省杭州市  310007
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-16 出版日期:2017-08-08 发布日期:2017-09-01
  • 通讯作者: 朱婉萍,研究员,浙江省中医药研究院基础实验研究所,浙江省杭州市 310007
  • 作者简介:刘霞,女,1986年生,浙江省临安市人,汉族,2013年温州医科大学毕业,硕士,助理研究员,主要从事药理实验研究。
  • 基金资助:

    浙江省科技厅项目(2015F50067)

Hemostatic effect of carboxymethyl chitosan and its biosecurity properties

Liu Xia, Zhao Gui-zhi, Wang Yu-ji, Cai Ting-ting, Zhu Wan-ping
  

  1. Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, Zhejiang Province, China
  • Received:2018-04-16 Online:2017-08-08 Published:2017-09-01
  • Contact: Zhu Wan-ping, Researcher, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, Zhejiang Province, China
  • About author:Liu Xia, Master, Research assistant, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, Zhejiang Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Project of Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Department, No. 2015F50067

摘要:

文章快速阅读

 

文题释义:
壳聚糖:由甲壳素脱乙酰化反应而得,是目前已知的天然多糖中惟一的碱性多糖,它具有良好的生物相容性、生物降解性、无毒及抗菌性等特点,在止血材料中应用广泛,单纯的壳聚糖敷料,如止血绷带,可使大量红细胞快速凝集形成血块,降低失血量;单纯壳聚糖的止血效果与其高度溶胀率、脱乙酰度相关,脱乙酰度40%表现出较好的降解能力,愈合快,无组织粘连,但高频率长期的临床应用中发现,部分患者出现疑似组织粘连。
羧化壳聚糖:是新型的壳聚糖衍生物,除具有壳聚糖的一般性质外,还具有良好的水溶性,在医学上的应用包括:①骨关节炎的治疗:研究发现羧甲基壳聚糖能抑制基质金属蛋白酶1、3 mRNA的表达,降低关节外基质中一氧化氮合酶的量,减少一氧化氮生成,减轻活性氧对细胞呼吸链的破坏,保护线粒体功能,延缓软骨的退行性变;②防止术后组织粘连:体外实验证明,羧甲基壳聚糖能明显缩短组织创面出血时间,具有良好的凝血性;③皮肤创面敷料:能促进皮肤成纤维细胞及表皮角质形成细胞的生长,促进创面愈合;④药物的缓控释载体:目前所使用的药物剂型羧甲基壳聚糖银络合物、羧甲基壳聚糖/环丙沙星植入缓释微球,可有效维持局部药物浓度,减少用药次数及药物不良反应。
 
背景:羧化壳聚糖是一类具有优良应用性能的壳聚糖衍生物,良好的生物性能使其在止血材料中具有安全有效的优势。
目的:探讨羧化壳聚糖的止血效果及其生物安全性。
方法:①实验组分别在SD大鼠尾静脉出血创面及肝脏出血创面覆盖羧化壳聚糖粉末,记录止血时间,以创面自然止血时间为对照;②实验组分别在ICR小鼠断尾创面、股动脉出血创面及肝脏出血创面覆盖羧化壳聚糖粉末,记录止血时间,以创面自然止血时间为对照;③将羧化壳聚糖糊状物、十二烷基硫酸钠溶液及蒸馏水分别直接敷于白化兔皮肤上,进行皮肤刺激实验;④在豚鼠皮内注射羧化壳聚糖溶液,进行迟发型超敏反应实验;⑤在白化兔皮下分别注射羧化壳聚糖生理盐水溶液、生理盐水,进行皮内刺激实验;在白化兔皮下分别注射羧化壳聚糖浸提于食用橄榄油的上清液及食用橄榄油,进行皮内刺激实验。
结果与结论:①与对照组比较,实验组SD大鼠尾静脉、肝脏出血创面止血时间明显缩短(P < 0.01);②与对照组比较,实验组ICR小鼠断尾创面、股动脉出血创面及肝脏出血创面止血时间明显缩短(P < 0.05或P < 0.01);③羧化壳聚糖对白化兔皮肤无刺激性,具有极轻微的白化兔皮内刺激反应;羧化壳聚糖对豚鼠皮肤无致敏反应;④结果表明,羧化壳聚糖对SD大鼠、ICR小鼠创面具有较好的止血作用,对白化兔及豚鼠无明显皮肤刺激、致敏反应及皮内刺激反应,是一种较安全的止血材料。

关键词: 生物材料, 材料相容性, 羧化壳聚糖, 止血, 皮肤刺激, 皮肤过敏, 皮内刺激, 安全性评价

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), a chitin derivative, has a good application performance that makes it become a safe and effective hemostatic material.  
OBJECTIVE: To determine the hemostatic effect of CMCS and its biosecurity properties.
METHODS: (1) CMCS powder was scattered on the caudal vein and liver wounds of Sprague-Dawley rats, and the hemostatic time was recorded as experimental group, while the time for natural haemostasis of the wound was recorded as control group. (2) CMCS powder was scattered on the tail, femoral artery and liver wounds of ICR mice, and the hemostatic time was recorded as experimental group, while the time for natural haemostasis of the wound was recorded as control group. (3) CMCS, Sodium dodecyl sulfate solution and distilled water were respectively applied on the skin of albino rabbits in a skin irritation test. (4) A delayed-type hypersensitivity test of CMCS was carried out by intradermal injection of CMCS in guinea pigs. (5) An intradermal irritation test was carried out by subcutaneous injection of normal saline containing CMCS and normal saline, respectively. Another intradermal irritation test was carried out by subcutaneous injection of the supernatant of CMCS olive oil extract and olive oil, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the control group, the hemostatic time for caudal vein and liver wounds were significantly shortened in the Sprague-Dawley rats in the experimental group (P < 0.01). (2) Compared with the control group, the time of hemostasis on the tail, femoral artery and liver wounds was significantly shortened in the ICR mice in the experimental group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). (3) The CMCS had no irritation to the skin of albino rabbits and no allergic reaction to the skin of guinea pigs. To conclude, the CMCS has good hemostatic effect on the wound in Sprague-Dawley rats and ICR mice, and has no skin irritation, allergic reactions and intradermal irritation reactions in albino rabbits and guinea pigs, which is a relatively safe hemostatic material.

Key words: Chitosan, Hemostasis, Tissue Engineering

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