中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (24): 3508-3515.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.24.002

• 骨组织构建 bone tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

兔胫骨大段完全骨缺损的解剖学模型构建

鲍小刚,许国华   

  1. 解放军第二军医大学附属上海长征医院骨科,上海市  200003
  • 出版日期:2016-06-10 发布日期:2016-06-10
  • 通讯作者: 许国华,博士,副教授,解放军第二军医大学附属上海长征医院骨科,上海市 200003
  • 作者简介:鲍小刚,硕士。
  • 基金资助:


    国家自然科学基金面上项目(81271954);上海市科委科技支撑项目(15411951000)

Construction of rabbit anatomical three-dimensional models of large segmental tibial defects

Bao Xiao-gang, Xu Guo-hua   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
  • Online:2016-06-10 Published:2016-06-10
  • Contact: Xu Guo-hua, M.D., Associate professor, Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
  • About author:Bao Xiao-gang, Master, Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81271954; the Key Program of Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology, China, No. 15411951000

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
解剖学3D模型:解剖学模型是一种基于3D打印技术和个体化治疗需求,利用计算机辅助技术从结构上优化与控制制备的组织工程三维支架,其具有与骨缺损部位吻合的外形,有利于个性化的根据不同的骨缺损部位制备人工骨支架,同时也为一些结构不规则的结构部位的修复提供了可能。尤其是位于负重部位的大段骨缺损的修复和重建,不仅要求支架材料具备骨引导、骨诱导性,也要求其具备良好的生物力学支撑和结构的特性引导。
解剖型组织工程骨:实验设计的解剖型组织工程骨能良好吻合骨缺损部位,其弹性模量和抗压强度达不到缺损处胫骨的水平,但比临床常用的骨诱导人工骨弹性模量和抗压强度高出约20倍,在钢板内固定下足够保持适当的承重和局部稳定性。

摘要
背景:
组织工程骨为负重部位大段骨缺损修复和重建提供了巨大潜力,目前关于组织工程骨应用研究策略主要集中于支架复合细胞或生物活性分子,而骨组织工程支架的结构化和功能化是其中最重要的研究内容之一。
目的:利用3D打印制备兔胫骨解剖型支架,建立一种简便易行解剖形状可塑的组织工程骨骨缺损模型。
方法:采用Mimic软件获得缺损骨的三维电子模型,利用熔融沉积制法备羟基磷灰石/聚己内酯解剖型支架。将 15只6月龄新西兰大白兔随机分为3组,空白组3只,对照组和实验组均6只,分别制备长1.2 cm的胫骨完全骨缺损,其中空白组缺损处旷置,对照组缺损处将截骨原位放回,实验组缺损处放置解剖型组织工程骨,并用实验设计的小钢板螺钉固定。
结果与结论:①兔胫骨测量结果:兔胫骨长(93.77±0.59) mm;胫腓交界横径(8.36±0.13) mm,矢状径(5.97±0.12) mm,骨皮质平均厚度(1.20±0.10) mm,髓腔平均直径(4.30±0.06) mm;胫骨模型侧面上下关节面中点连线与截骨模型侧面上下截面中点连线的夹角α=(5.97±0.13)°;②缺损区X射线显示:术后4,12周,实验组和对照组骨缺损处移植体未见明显移位和成角畸形,自体骨修复较好;③组织学检查:术后4周,实验组骨断端及支架内有少量新生骨填充,术后12周,重建支架内新骨生成明显增多并且部分矿化;④一般观察:术后4,12周,实验组和对照组组骨缺损处骨移植体无明显移位、成角畸形,实验组和对照组夹角(α)测量差异无显著性意义。⑤结果证实:实验采取的3D打印解剖形状可塑的组织工程骨构建的兔胫骨大段完全骨缺损模型稳定性较好,可模拟骨组织的结构和特异性指导新骨的再生和重建。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0001-6743-1698(许国华)

关键词: 组织构建, 骨组织工程, 支架, 3D打印, 解剖学, 大段骨缺损, 负重骨, 生物力学, 复合材料, 胫骨 
 
兔;国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Tissue-engineered bone has been considered to be a promising candidate for the repair and reconstruction of load-bearing large segmental bone defects. Currently, the studies on the application of tissue-engineered bone mainly focus on cell-scaffold or cytokine-scaffold constructs, which have shed light upon the repair of large segmental bone defects.
OBJECTIVE: To establish simple and convenient tissue engineering of anatomically shaped tibial bone defect models using three-dimensional rapid prototyping technology to manufacture rabbit tibia biomimetic artificial bone scaffolds.
METHODS: Three-dimensional electronic models were constructed using Mimic software. Hydroxyapatite/polycaprolactone scaffolds were manufactured by fused deposition modeling equipment. Fifty rabbits aged 6 months were randomly divided into three groups: blank control (n=3), control (n=6) and experimental groups (n=6), respectively. Tibial defects ranged 1.2 cm were made in all groups. No treatment was given in blank control group. The bone defects in control and experimental groups were repaired with autogenous osteotomized bone and anatomical tissue-engineered bone, respectively, and fixed with plates and screws.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Rabbit tibial bone measurements: tibial length was (93.77±0.59) mm, tibiofibular transverse diameter (8.36±0.13) mm, sagittal diameter (5.97±0.12) mm, average thickness of bone cortex (1.20±0.10) mm, average diameter of the medullary cavity (4.30±0.06) mm. Angle between the connection line of the midpoints of superior and inferior articular surfaces at the side of tibial bone models and the connection line of the midpoints of superior and inferior intersecting surfaces at the side of osteotomized bone models was α=(5.97±0.13)°. (2) X-ray in bone defects: at postoperative 4 and 12 weeks, no obvious displacement and angulated deformity were found in bone grafts, suggesting the good bone defect repair. (3) Histological examination: at postoperative 4 weeks, bone scaffolds were filled with new bone in the experimental group. Furthermore, considerably increased new bone formation and mineralization were observed at postoperative 12 weeks. (4) General observation: no obvious displacement and angulated deformity occurred in bone defect grafts at postoperative 4 and 12 weeks. These findings suggest that rabbit anatomical models of large segmental tibial bone defects with good stability were constructed using three-dimensional prototyping technology, which may simulate the structure and function of bone tissue and be used for guiding the new bone regeneration.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

Key words: Tissue Engineering, Anatomy, Biomechanics

中图分类号: