中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (22): 3279-3286.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.22.012

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

应用Ilizarov与Orthofix外固定架行胫骨截骨延长后发生的足下垂

依力哈木江•吾斯曼,买买提明•赛依提,阿不地哈比尔•阿不拉,艾合买提江•玉素甫   

  1. 新疆医科大学第一附属医院显微修复外科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830054
  • 修回日期:2016-03-18 出版日期:2016-05-27 发布日期:2016-05-27
  • 通讯作者: 艾合买提江?玉素甫,主任医师,教授,新疆医科大学第一附属医院显微修复外科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830054
  • 作者简介:依力哈木江?吾斯曼,在读硕士。

Foot drop after tibial lengthening osteotomy using Ilizarov and Orthofix external fixators

Yilihamujiang•Wusiman, Maimaitiming•Saiyiti, Abuduhaibier•Abula, Aihemaitijiang•Yusufu   

  1. Department of Micro-Reconstructive Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Revised:2016-03-18 Online:2016-05-27 Published:2016-05-27
  • Contact: Aihemaitijiang?Yusufu, Chief physician, Professor, Department of Micro-Reconstructive Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Yilihamujiang?Wusiman, Studying for master’s degree, Department of Micro-Reconstructive Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China

摘要:

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文题释义:
胫骨截骨延长:即胫骨的牵张成骨,就是将骨质切开,保留软组织和血供,采用特制的牵引装置固定胫骨两端,应用张应力法则逐步施加拉力将骨段缓慢牵拉,不断刺激机体组织,激发人体组织再生潜能,使截骨间隙形成新骨,达到骨再生的目的。
足下垂:由于小腿的胫骨前肌和外侧肌群肌力与小腿三头肌肌群肌力间的张力差的逐渐增大或由于小腿前侧肌群麻痹无力而小腿三头肌痉挛牵拉所应起的。表现是不能足背屈,在行走或者抬腿时,当落地的的时候总是足尖先碰到地面的一种症状。因此,在步行周期的摆动相,患者不能完成足背屈动作,而形成足下垂步态。
 
摘要
背景:胫骨截骨延长具有创伤程度轻,痛苦小、所延长骨质愈合速度快、延长幅度大等优点,但常伴有一些术后并发症。其中以足下垂较为常见,同时其是在临床上较难处理的并发症之一。
目的:比较应用Ilizarov与Orthofix外固定架行胫骨截骨延长后足下垂的发生率。
方法:回顾性分析 2012年7月至2014年5月由新疆大学第一附属医院显微修复外科行胫骨近端截骨延长修复胫骨缺损148例患者的临床资料,根据应用的外固定架种类分为2组,其中Ilizarov外固定架组72例,Orthofix外固定架组76例。比较2组患者胫骨近端截骨延长后足下垂的发生率。

结果与结论:①随访1-1.3年,所有患者胫骨缺损处均获得修复;②37例患者出现足下垂并发症,其中Ilizarov外固定架组26例,Orthofix外固定架组11例,Ilizarov外固架组患者足下垂发生率显著高于Orthofix 外固架组(36%,15%,P < 0.05);③37例患者中28例足下垂症状得以改善;余9例患者因失去随访出现严重足下垂症状,患者自我功能锻炼和踝关节关节松动术等措施无法纠正患肢足下垂症状,此9例患者最终行跟腱延长术后患肢足下垂症状才得以改善;④结果提示,采用Ilizarov外固架行胫骨近端截骨延长患者足下垂的发生率明显高于采用Orthofix外固架的患者。同时作者认为胫骨截骨延长后足下垂的发生与患者本身、外固定架等有着一定的相关性。因此严格掌握手术技能,术前认真设计、术中精细操作、术后严密随访及时处理是减少胫骨截骨延长后足下垂并发症的关键。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

ORCID: 0000-0003-2277-2223(依力哈木江•吾斯曼)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 骨植入物, 胫骨缺损, 胫骨截骨延长, Ilizarov外固定架, Orthofix外固定架, 足下垂

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Tibial lengthening osteotomy has the advantages of light trauma, less pain, fast healing of bone that extended, and large amplitude of extension. However, it is often accompanied by a number of postoperative complications, among which postoperative foot drop is more common. It is one of the complications that is more difficult to deal with clinically.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the incidence of foot drop after tibial lengthening osteotomy using Ilizarov external fixator and Orthofix external fixator.
METHODS: Clinical data of 148 patients with tibial defects treated by tibial lengthening osteotomy in the Department of Micro-Reconstructive Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from July 2012 to May 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into two groups according to the type of fixators: Ilizarov external fixator group (n=72) and Orthofix external fixator group (n=76). The incidence of foot drop after tibial lengthening osteotomy was compared between the two groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Follow-up time was 1-1.3 years. Tibial defects of all patients were repaired. (2) There were 37 patients with foot drop, including 26 cases in the Ilizarov external fixation group and 11 cases in the Orthofix external fixation group. The incidence of foot drop was significantly higher in the Ilizarov external fixator group than in the Orthofix external fixator group (36%, 15%; P < 0.05). (3) The foot drop was improved in 28 cases among the 37 patients. The remaining nine patients were lost to follow-up, so they affected severe foot drop. Self functional exercise and ankle joint mobilization could not correct the foot drop. Achilles tendon lengthening improved the foot drop. (4) These findings verify that the incidence of Ilizarov external fixator on tibial proximal osteotomy in patients with foot drop was significantly higher than that of the Orthofix External fixator. The authors believe that the occurrence of foot drop after tibial osteotomy is associated with the patient’s own and external fixation. Therefore, strictly surgical skills, preoperative careful design, intraoperative fine operation, postoperative follow-up and timely treatment are the keys to reduce foot drop after tibial lengthening osteotomy. 
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

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