中国组织工程研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (35): 6254-6260.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.35.006

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

髓内与髓外系统骨钉置入治疗不稳定股骨转子间骨折的综合效果评价

李 岩,王 东,孙海钰,刘 亮,栗树伟   

  1. 山西医科大学第二医院,山西省太原市  030001
  • 收稿日期:2013-03-26 修回日期:2013-04-17 出版日期:2013-08-27 发布日期:2013-08-27
  • 通讯作者: 王东,博士,教授,主任医师,博士生导师,山西医科大学第二医院,山西省太原市 030001
  • 作者简介:李岩★,男,1986年生,河南省林州市人,汉族,山西医科大学毕业,硕士,主要从事股骨近端骨折、足踝部骨折研究。 woaidaxue123@163.com

Comprehensive evaluation of intramedullary fixation and extramedullary fixation in the treatment of unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures

Li Yan, Wang Dong, Sun Hai-yu, Liu Liang, Li Shu-wei   

  1. Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan  030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2013-03-26 Revised:2013-04-17 Online:2013-08-27 Published:2013-08-27
  • Contact: Wang Dong, M.D., Professor, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Li Yan★, Master, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China woaidaxue123@163.com

摘要:

背景:目前临床用于治疗不稳定股骨转子间骨折的内固定材料总体来说分两种:髓内系统和髓外系统,对其治疗效果尚缺乏宏观的比较。
目的:比较髓内系统与髓外系统治疗不稳定股骨转子间骨折的疗效。
方法:217例不稳定股骨转子间骨折患者(Evans分型:Ⅲ型-Ⅴ型与R型),分别采用髓外系统和髓内系统进行治疗,其中18例动力髁螺钉,67例动力髋螺钉,43例重建钉,72例股骨近端防旋刀片髓内钉,17例新一代双钉加压交锁髓内钉,对手术时间、切口范围、术中出血量、卧床时间、骨折愈合时间、并发症发生和髋关节功能评分进行临床分析比较。
结果与结论:术中出血量、手术时间、卧床时间、并发症的发生及髋关节功能评分方面髓内系统均优于髓外系统,但切口范围和骨折愈合时间方面两者差异无显著性意义。结果可见髓内系统较髓外系统治疗不稳定的股骨转子间骨折,手术时间短,出血少,固定稳固可靠,且患者术后可早期功能锻炼,明显缩短卧床时间,减少并发症的发生,有利于术后髋关节功能恢复,是治疗不稳定股骨转子间骨折的理想方法。

关键词: 骨关节植入物, 骨科植入物, 股骨转子间骨折, 髓内系统, 髓外系统, 不稳定骨折, 疗效评价

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, the internal fixation materials for the clinical treatment of unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures are broadly divided into two categories: intramedullary fixation system and extramedullary fixation system. However, the effects of the treatments usually lack of macro evaluation.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of intramedullary fixation system and extramedullary internal fixation system in the treatment of unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures.
METHODS: 217 patients with unstable femoral intertrochanteric fracture (Evans typing: Ⅲ type to Ⅴ type and R type) were treated by using intramedullary fixation system and extramedullary internal fixation system: 18 cases were treated with dynamic condylar screw, 67 cases were treated with dynamic hip screw, 43 cases were treated with reconstruction nail, 72 cases were treated with proximal femoral anti-rotation blade nail, and 17 cases were treated with new generation of antegrade interlocking intramedullary nail. The operative time, length of incision, blood loss, time in bed, fracture healing time, complications and Harris hip score were analyzed and compared.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the aspects of operative time, blood loss, time in bed, complications and Harris hip score, the intramedullary fixation system was superior to extramedullary internal fixation system. But there were significant differences in the aspects of length of incision and fracture healing time between two methods. The results showed that the treatment of unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures by using intramedullary fixation system was better than the extramedullary internal fixation system, as the intramedullary fixation system could effectively shorten the operative time and reduce blood loss. This stable and reliable fixation enables patients to take early postoperative functional exercise, and could significantly shorten the time in bed and reduce the incidence of complications and it is conducive to postoperative hip function recovery. Therefore, intramedullary fixation system is an ideal method for the treatment of unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures.

Key words: bone and joint implants, orthopedic implants, femoral intertrochanteric fractures, intramedullary fixation system, unstable fractures, effective evaluation

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