中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (37): 6851-6856.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.37.003

• 血管组织构建 vascular tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

小口径组织工程血管在羊体内的远期结果

邢建洲1，王志维2，高尚志2，李罗成2，邓宏平2，吴智勇2   

  1. 1武警广东总队医院心血管外科，广东省广州市 510507
    2 武汉大学人民医院心血管疾病研究所，湖北省武汉市 430060
  • 收稿日期:2012-07-02 修回日期:2012-07-21 出版日期:2012-09-09 发布日期:2012-09-09
  • 通讯作者: 王志维，博士，教授，主任医师，博士生导师，武汉大学人民医院心血管疾病研究所，湖北省武汉市 430060 wangzhiwp@sina.com
  • 作者简介:邢建洲☆，男，1963年生，甘肃省会宁县人，汉族，2002年华中科技大学同济医学院毕业，博士，副主任医师，主要从事心血管外科的临床及基础研究。 xing.jz@163.com

Long-term results of a tissue-engineered small caliber vessel implanted in a sheep

Xing Jian-zhou1, Wang Zhi-wei2, Gao Shang-zhi2, Li Luo-cheng2, Deng Hong-ping2, Wu Zhi-yong2   

  1. 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Guangzhou 510507, Guangdong Province, China
    2Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
  • Received:2012-07-02 Revised:2012-07-21 Online:2012-09-09 Published:2012-09-09
  • Contact: Wang Zhi-wei, Doctor, Professor, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China wangzhiwp@sina.com
  • About author:Xing Jian-zhou☆, Doctor, Associate chief physician, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Guangzhou 510507, Guangdong Province, China xing.jz@163.com

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摘要：

背景：对小口径组织工程血管的研究至今仍主要集中于体外构建上，体内远期结果的研究少有报道。
目的：观察脱细胞猪股动脉支架和绵羊骨髓间质干细胞体外构建的小口径组织工程血管间置于骨髓间质干细胞供体绵羊体内12个月后组织学改变。
方法：将12只成年绵羊随机分为支架组和再细胞化组，支架组将猪股动脉脱细胞后间置于绵羊右侧股动脉；再细胞化组将体外诱导培养的绵羊骨髓间质干细胞种植于脱细胞猪股动脉支架中，经过体外预适应所构建的小口径组织工程血管(直径< 6 mm)间置于骨髓间质干细胞供体绵羊左侧股动脉；将12只绵羊的自体股动脉设为对照组。12个月后切取支架组和再细胞化组的植入物及邻近受体股动脉，行苏木精-伊红染色和扫描电镜检查，观察植入物和对照组股动脉内皮细胞及中层平滑肌细胞密度，采用邻甲酚酞络合酮法测定2组植入小口径组织工程血管和受体股动脉组织的钙含量。
结果与结论：支架组和再细胞化组植入后12个月内管腔均通畅，无明显管道扩张与狭窄，无腔内血栓形成，无管壁明显增厚等改变，管道内表面均已内皮化。但2组植入物管壁均有僵硬和搏动性减弱，尤以支架组植入物管壁僵硬更明显；支架组植入物管道组织钙含量最高(P < 0.01)；支架组和再细胞化组管道中层平滑肌细胞密度均低于对照组(P < 0.01)。与支架组植入物相比，再细胞化组植入物组织钙含量较低(P < 0.05)，中层平滑肌细胞密度较高(P < 0.01)。说明利用脱细胞猪股动脉支架体外构建小口径组织工程血管时，提高中层平滑肌细胞密度有助于改善小口径组织工程血管的远期功能。

关键词: 骨髓间质干细胞, 平滑肌细胞, 动脉, 动物实验, 细胞密度, 钙含量, 羊, 组织工程

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Studies of tissue-engineered small caliber vessels are mainly focused on the construction in vitro. The long-term results of tissue-engineered small caliber vessels in vivo are rarely reported so far.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the histological changes of a tissue-engineered small caliber vessel prepared with acellular porcine femoral artery scaffold and sheep bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells implanted into a sheep for 12 months.
METHODS: Twelve sheep were randomly divided into scaffold group and recellularized scaffold group. In the scaffold group, the decellularized extracellular matrices, that femoral arteries of pigs were decellularized, were implanted in the right femoral artery of the sheep. In the recellularized scaffold group, the left femoral artery of the sheep were implanted with the recellularized extracellular matrices that were established by implantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the decellularizated extracellular matrices and preconditioning in vitro. The autologous contralateral femoral artery in the two groups served as control group. Histomorphology and calcium content in the grafts were evaluated through scanning electron microscopy, pathological methods, and O-cresolphthalein complex method at the postoperative 12 months.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All the grafts kept patency after 12 months. There were no expansion, thrombosis, and thickening of the cavity and wall, but rigidity and weakened pulsating in all the grafts. The intima of all the grafts was covered with vascular endothelial cells at 12 months after operation. Compared with the control group, calcium content is significantly higher in the scaffold group (P < 0.01) and the smooth muscle cells density lower significantly in the scaffold and the recellularized scaffold groups (P < 0.01). Compared with the scaffold group, there were lower calcium content (P < 0.05) and higher smooth muscle cells density (P < 0.01) in the recellularizated scaffold group. These findings indicate that it is essential to improve the long-term results of tissue-engineered small caliber vessels by increasing the smooth muscle cells density.

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