中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (12): 1864-1869.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1987

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

3D打印技术应用于肩胛骨骨折的手术前规划

张  涵,何  斌,王伯尧,秦  虎,王云华,范  磊   

  1. 南京医科大学第二附属医院骨科,江苏省南京市  210011
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-04 修回日期:2019-04-16 接受日期:2019-06-12 出版日期:2020-04-28 发布日期:2020-03-01
  • 通讯作者: 王云华,主任医师,南京医科大学第二附属医院骨科,江苏省南京市 210011 并列通讯作者:范磊,博士,副主任医师,南京医科大学第二附属医院骨科,江苏省南京市 210011
  • 作者简介:张涵,男,1994年生,江苏省常州市人,汉族,2017年苏州大学毕业,主要从事关节和创伤研究。
  • 基金资助:
    2017年江苏省级自然科学基金(青年科技人才专项基金)(BK20171092)

Application of 3D printing technology in preoperative planning of scapular fracture

Zhang Han, He Bin, Wang Boyao, Qin Hu, Wang Yunhua, Fan Lei   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, Jiangsu Province, China

  • Received:2019-04-04 Revised:2019-04-16 Accepted:2019-06-12 Online:2020-04-28 Published:2020-03-01
  • Contact: Wang Yunhua, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, Jiangsu Province, China Fan Lei, MD, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Han, Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province in 2017 (Special Fund for Young Scientific and Technological Talents), No. BK20171092

摘要:

文题释义:
3D打印技术:3D打印是利用光固化和纸层叠等技术的快速成型装置,根据电脑三维软件绘制模型数据,然后将模型数据转化为3D打印机能识别的数据,通过电脑控制使用3D打印机把“打印材料”(尼龙玻纤、耐用性尼龙材料、石膏材料、铝材料、钛合金、不锈钢、镀银、镀金、橡胶类材料等)逐层叠加起来,最终把模型数据变成实物。目前在医学领域,3D打印广泛应用于体外模型制造、医疗器械定制、组织工程定制、人工器官、组织再生、人体植入物定制、临床修复治疗和药物研发试验等许多方面。
肩胛骨骨折:人体肩胛骨前后均由肌肉包绕,骨折少见,多因高能量的直接暴力造成,常为多发性创伤的一部分。肩胛骨骨折主要临床表现为:①肩胛区域疼痛,压痛部位通常与骨折线相一致;②骨折处肿胀明显;③骨折侧肩关节活动受限明显,其中外展活动受限最明显。无移位者通常保守治疗,常用方式为上肢吊带固定,制动3周。位移明显者通常需要行手术治疗。

背景:目前的肩胛骨骨折内固定手术受限于肩胛骨复杂的解剖结构,其手术难度大、出血多、耗时长。

目的:观察3D打印技术应用于肩胛骨骨折手术的临床疗效。

方法:回顾分析南京医科大学第二附属医院骨科于2016年1月至2018年12月收治的28例肩胛骨骨折患者(年龄34-70岁)临床资料,其中14例常规准备后手术(对照组),另14例患者行64排薄层CT扫描并进行三维重建,应用3D打印技术打印骨折模型,设计手术入路、定制内固定物后实施手术(3D打印组)。记录两组手术时间、术中出血量、术中X射线透视次数。术后6周随访复查影像学资料,根据Hardegger肩关节功能评定标准评定疗效。所有患者对治疗方案均知情同意,且得到医院伦理委员会批准。

结果与结论:①28例手术均顺利完成,3D打印组手术时间、术中出血量及透视次数均少于对照组(P < 0.05);②术后6周3D打印组肩关节评分优良率高于对照组(P < 0.05);③3D打印组术中采用的手术入路、内固定物均与术前设计一致。3D打印技术应用肩胛骨骨折的手术治疗,有助于术者更好地了解肩胛骨骨折的特点和制定手术方案,降低手术难度,获得更为精准的复位,并减少手术时长、术中出血及术中X 射线透视次数,提高了手术疗效。

ORCID: 0000-0003-0266-0312(张涵)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 3D打印技术, 肩胛骨骨折, 骨折模型, 定制内固定物, 精准复位, 术前规划, 模拟手术

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The current internal fixation surgery for scapula fractures is limited by the complex anatomical structure of scapula, which is often difficult to operate, with much bleeding and time-consuming.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy of the application of 3D printing technology in scapula fracture surgery.

METHODS: The clinical data of 28 cases (aged 34-70 years) with scapula fractures in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2016 to December 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, 14 cases were treated after routine preparation (control group). Another 14 patients underwent 64-slice thin-slice CT scanning and 3D reconstruction. The fracture model was printed with 3D printing technology. The surgical approach was designed and the internal fixation was customized before the operation (3D printing group). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and intraoperative X-ray frequency of the two groups were recorded. Imaging data were followed up six weeks after the operation. The treatment effects were evaluated according to the Hardegger shoulder joint function assessment standard. All patients signed the informed consent. This study was approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All the 28 operations were successfully completed. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and X-ray frequency of the 3D printing group were all less than those of the control group (< 0.05). (2) The excellent and good rate of the 3D printing group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). (3) The operative approach and internal fixation used in the 3D printing group were consistent with the preoperative design. The application of 3D printing technology in the surgical treatment of scapula fractures can help surgeons better understand the characteristics of scapula fractures and make surgical plans, reduce the difficulty of surgery, obtain more accurate reduction, reduce the duration of surgery, intraoperative bleeding and intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy, and improve the surgical efficacy. 

Key words: 3D printing, scapula fractures, fracture models, designed internal fixator, accurate reduction, preoperative planning, simulated surgery

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