中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (12): 1859-1863.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2549

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

计算机导航辅助置钉与截骨治疗上胸段后凸畸形

何  达,李祖昌,赵经纬,田  伟   

  1. 北京积水潭医院脊柱外科,北京大学第四临床医学院,北京市  100035
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-02 修回日期:2019-09-03 接受日期:2019-10-31 出版日期:2020-04-28 发布日期:2020-03-01
  • 通讯作者: 田伟,博士后,主任医师,北京积水潭医院脊柱外科,北京大学第四临床医学院,北京市 100035
  • 作者简介:何达,男,1971年生,北京市人,汉族,2008年北京大学医学部毕业,博士,副主任医师,主要从事脊柱畸形和脊柱疾病的微创治疗、计算机和机器人辅助治疗方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家临床重点专科建设项目;北京市医院管理局“使命”人才计划项目(SML20150401)

Computer navigation-assisted surgical treatment with osteotomy for upper thoracic kyphosis

He Da, Li Zuchang, Zhao Jingwei, Tian Wei   

  1. Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
  • Received:2019-09-02 Revised:2019-09-03 Accepted:2019-10-31 Online:2020-04-28 Published:2020-03-01
  • Contact: Tian Wei, MD, Chief physician, Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
  • About author:He Da, MD, Associate chief physician, Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Key Clinical Specialty Construction Project; the “Mission” Talent Plan Project of Beijing Hospital Administration, No. SML20150401

摘要:

文题释义:
上胸椎后凸畸形:是一种罕见疾病,通常指脊柱T1-T4节段存在的后凸畸形,常见的病因有肿瘤、骨折、医源性不稳定、退行性改变、强直性脊柱炎和结核;由于该病生物力学特点独特,减压和内固定相对困难,既往相关研究及报道较少。该类患者往往因后凸畸形严重影响生活而就诊,因此有效的矫形手术对提高患者生活质量尤为重要。
计算机导航辅助置钉:一项临床上用于辅助置钉的技术,能够通过术中三维CT进行准确指引与导航,选取最佳置钉位置完成螺钉设计及置入,帮助临床解决特殊病例、疑难病例的手术规划与安全问题。

背景:上胸椎后凸畸形的生物力学特点较为独特,减压和内固定相对困难,既往相关的研究及病例报道较少,并且缺少计算机导航辅助下进行上胸段后凸畸形矫正的相关研究。

目的:探究计算机导航辅助置钉与截骨治疗上胸段后凸畸形的临床疗效。

方法:纳入2011年6月至2018年6月北京积水潭医院收治的T1-T4后凸畸形患者18例,其中男11例,女7例,年龄12-59岁,均进行计算机导航辅助置钉与PSO截骨治疗,术后随访检测后凸节段局部Cobb角,评估颈背部目测类比评分、颈椎脊髓功能Nurick评分、欧洲脊髓病EMS评分与患者手术整体满意度。试验通过北京积水潭医院伦理委员会批准,伦理批件号:积伦科审字第201709-23号。

结果与结论:①18例患者均完成术后随访,随访时间6-90个月,平均(33.73±35.33)个月;②18例患者末次随访的局部Cobb角较术前明显改善[(47.32±9.92)°,(24.01±7.64)°,P < 0.001],末次随访的目测类比评分较术前明显降低(3.64±2.16,0.73±1.01,P < 0.001),末次随访的Nurick评分较术前明显降低(2.91±0.94,0.82±1.47,P < 0.001),末次随访的EMS评分较术前明显升高(14.45±0.93,17.09±1.45,P < 0.001);③患者手术满意度为优(16例)或良(2例);④至末次随访时,18例患者均未发生与植入物相关的不良反应,伤口愈合良好,未出现螺钉松动等问题;⑤结果表明,使用计算机导航辅助置钉与截骨定位进行合理的截骨矫形,可以使上胸段后凸畸形获得有效治疗。

ORCID: 0000-0001-6341-7506(何达)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 上胸段, 后凸畸形, PSO截骨矫形, 计算机导航辅助, 椎弓根螺钉内固定, 功能, 满意度, Cobb角

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The biomechanical characteristics of kyphosis of the upper thoracic vertebra are unique. Decompression and internal fixation are relatively difficult. Previous relevant studies and case reports are few, and there is a lack of research on correction of kyphosis of the upper thoracic section with the assistance of computer navigation.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical effect of computer navigation-assisted surgical treatment of upper thoracic kyphosis by screws and osteotomy.

METHODS: Totally 18 patients with kyphotic deformity of the spine (T1-T4) were admitted in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from June 2011 to June 2018, including 11 males and 7 females, aged 12 to 59 years. They were all treated with computer-assisted surgical treatment with PSO osteotomy. Local Cobb angle of the upper thoracic kyphosis was determined during final follow-up. Cervical visual analogue scale, Nurick grades, EMS scores and satisfaction of the surgery were evaluated. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital (approval No. 201709-23).

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A total of 18 patients were followed up for 6-90 months at an average time of (33.73±35.33) months. (2) The local Cobb angle of 18 patients at the last follow-up was significantly improved [(47.32±9.92)°, (24.01±7.64)°, P < 0.001]. Cervical visual analogue scale score at the last follow-up was significantly lower than that before surgery (3.64±2.16, 0.73±1.01, P < 0.001). Nurick score at the last follow-up was significantly lower than that before surgery (2.91±0.94, 0.82±1.47, P < 0.001). EMS score at the last follow-up was significantly higher than that before surgery (14.45±0.93), 17.09±1.45, P < 0.001). (3) Surgical satisfaction was excellent (n=16) or good (n=2). (4) At the last follow-up, 18 patients had no adverse reactions related to implants, and the wound healed well without screw loosening. (5) The results showed that reasonable osteotomy correction with computer-assisted surgery and PSO osteotomy could effectively treat kyphosis of upper thoracic segment.

Key words: upper thoracic, kyphotic deformity, PSO osteotomy, computer navigation-assisted surgery, pedicle screw fixation, function, satisfaction, Cobb angle

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