中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (17): 2739-2745.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1722

• 干细胞移植 stem cell transplantation • 上一篇    下一篇

同种异体脂肪干细胞移植促进大鼠骨骼肌功能的恢复

何 理1,2,郑小莉1   

  1. 1西南医科大学基础医学院,四川省泸州市 646000;2四川大学华西医院金堂医院,四川省成都市 610400
  • 修回日期:2019-01-24 出版日期:2019-06-18 发布日期:2019-06-18
  • 通讯作者: 郑小莉,博士,副教授,西南医科大学基础医学院,四川省泸州市 646000
  • 作者简介:何理,男,1987年生,四川省巴中市人,汉族,在读硕士,主治医师,主要从事骨科临床工作。

Transplantation of allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells promotes the recovery of skeletal muscle function

He Li1, 2, Zheng Xiaoli1   

  1. 1School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; 2Jintang Hospital, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610400, Sichuan Province, China
  • Revised:2019-01-24 Online:2019-06-18 Published:2019-06-18
  • Contact: Zheng Xiaoli, MD, Associate professor, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:He Li, Master candidate, Attending physician, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; Jintang Hospital, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610400, Sichuan Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
骨骼肌损伤的干细胞修复:
胚胎的肌肉发育过程中,成肌细胞首先分化成一定数量的肌肉前体细胞,然后分化并融合形成多核肌肉细胞。附着于肌细胞表面的肌卫星细胞具有干细胞性质,当肌细胞受损后,肌卫星细胞可增殖分化,参与肌细胞结构和功能的修复。肌卫星细胞功能衰竭可导致肌肉损伤后修复迟缓或恢复失败,在老年人和进行性肌肉疾病患者中,这种退变问题越来越突出。最新研究进展阐明了干细胞的肌源性分化和影响骨骼肌损伤修复的可能分子机制,为骨骼肌损伤的干细胞治疗带来希望。
骨骼肌组织工程与再生:为解决骨骼肌不可逆损伤的临床问题,肌肉组织工程和再生的新策略和新技术已被深入研究。研究证实,使用组织再生的方法形成骨骼肌组织,植入后可增强体内剩余肌组织的新肌纤维形成。

 

摘要
背景:
超过骨骼肌自我再生能力的广泛损伤可导致不可逆的纤维化、瘢痕形成和功能丧失。以往研究证实,脂肪来源干细胞可用于各种肌组织的再生,其对骨骼肌急性损伤后功能恢复的影响鲜有报道。
目的:观察同种异体脂肪干细胞移植对骨骼肌急性损伤大鼠骨骼肌再生与功能恢复的作用。  
方法:从10只SD大鼠皮下脂肪组织中分离脂肪间充质干细胞,进行流式细胞术鉴定和多向分化能力鉴定。将72只SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、胶原蛋白组和脂肪间充质干细胞移植组,后3组建立腓肠肌急性钝挫伤模型,胶原蛋白组分5个注射点在腓肠肌肌腹注射共1 mL大鼠胶原蛋白Ⅰ,脂肪干细胞移植组分5个注射点在腓肠肌肌腹注射含1×106个脂肪干细胞的1 mL大鼠胶原蛋白Ⅰ。移植后7,14,28 d,苏木精-伊红染色观察腓肠肌结构并测量腓肠肌纤维横截面积;用张力传感器测量腓肠肌等长收缩肌力;称量腓肠肌湿质量并计算其与体质量比值;Western blot检测腓肠肌组织中Pax7、MyoG、MyoD的表达。
结果与结论:①大鼠脂肪干细胞表达CD29和CD90,不表达CD31和CD34,具有成脂、成骨和成软骨分化能力;②在移植后28 d,脂肪干细胞移植组大鼠腓肠肌损伤部位可观察到新生的骨骼肌纤维,4组大鼠腓肠肌损伤部位均未观察到明显的纤维增生;③在移植后28 d,脂肪干细胞组腓肠肌湿质量及其与体质量比值均高于模型组和胶原蛋白组(P < 0.01),脂肪干细胞移植组腓肠肌中肌纤维横截面积大于模型组和胶原蛋白组(P < 0.01);④移植后7,14,28 d,模型组、胶原蛋白组、脂肪干细胞移植组腓肠肌等长收缩肌力均低于正常对照组(P < 0.01),移植后28 d,脂肪干细胞移植组腓肠肌等长收缩肌力高于模型组和胶原蛋白组(P < 0.01);⑤移植后14 d,脂肪干细胞移植组腓肠肌组织中Pax7和MyoD的表达高于模型组和胶原蛋白组(P < 0.05),移植后28 d,脂肪干细胞移植组腓肠肌组织中MyoD和MyoG的表达高于模型组和胶原蛋白组(P < 0.05);⑥结果表明,脂肪干细胞移植到急性受损骨骼肌中能促进肌纤维的再生和功能恢复。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
ORCID:
0000-0002-2926-0645(何理)

关键词: 急性骨骼肌损伤, 脂肪间充质干细胞, 细胞移植, 肌纤维再生, 腓肠肌, 同种异体移植, 骨骼肌细胞, ;成肌细胞

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: An extensive damage beyond the ability of skeletal muscle to regenerate itself can lead to irreversible fibrosis, scarring and dysfunction. Previous studies have shown that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells can be used for the regeneration of various muscle tissues. The effect of stem cells on functional recovery after acute skeletal muscle injury has rarely been reported. 
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation on skeletal muscle regeneration and functional recovery in rats with acute skeletal muscle injury.
METHODS: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissues of 10 Sprague-Dawley rats and identified by flow cytometry for multidirectional differentiation. Seventy-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, collagen group and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation group. A rat model of acute blunt injury of the gastrocnemius muscle was established in the latter three groups. Then, 1 mL of type collagen I alone or containing 1×106 adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells was injected into the gastrocnemius muscle in the collagen and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation groups, respectively, and there were five injection sites per rat. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the structure of gastrocnemius muscle and measure the cross-sectional area of gastrocnemius muscle fiber 7, 14 and 28 days after transplantation. The isometric contraction force of gastrocnemius muscle was measured. The wet weight of gastrocnemius muscle was measured and the ratio of wet weight to body weight was calculated. The expressions of Pax7, MyoG and MyoD in gastrocnemius muscle tissue were detected by western blot assay.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Isolated rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were positive for CD29 and CD90, and negative for CD31 and CD34. These cells had the ability of adipogenesis, osteogenesis and chondrogenesis. Neonatal skeletal muscle fibers were observed in the injured site of the gastrocnemius muscles at 28 days after adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation, and no fibrogenesis was observed in the gastrocnemius muscles of the four groups. At 28 days after transplantation, the wet weight of gastrocnemius muscle and its ratio to body weight in the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation group were higher than those in the model group and collagen group (P < 0.01), and the cross-sectional area of muscle fibers in the gastrocnemius muscle in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation group was larger than that in the model group and collagen group (P < 0.05). At 7, 14, and 28 days after transplantation, the isometric contractile muscle strength of the gastrocnemius muscle in the model group, collagen group and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation group were lower than that in the normal control group (P < 0.01). At 28 days after transplantation, the isometric contractile muscle strength of the gastrocnemius muscle in the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation group was higher than that in the model group and collagen group (P < 0.01). The expressions of Pax7 and MyoD in the gastrocnemius muscle of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation group were higher than those of the model group and collagen group at 14 days after transplantation (P < 0.05). The expressions of MyoD and MyoG in the gastrocnemius muscle of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation group was higher than that of model group and collagen group at 28 days after transplantation (P < 0.05). To conclude, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation for acute skeletal muscle injury can promote the regeneration of muscle fibers and functional recovery.

Key words: acute skeletal muscle injury, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, cell transplantation, muscle fiber regeneration, gastrocnemius, allogeneic transplantation, skeletal muscle cells, myoblasts

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