中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (2): 312-319.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1430

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

训练学参数与自主神经系统的适应

陈艳林1,胡  斐2,徐盛嘉3   

  1. 1河海大学体育系,江苏省南京市  210098;2江苏省体育科学研究所,江苏省南京市  210014;3中国人民解放军陆军工程大学军事运动科学研究中心,江苏省南京市  211101
  • 收稿日期:2019-02-20 修回日期:2019-03-02 接受日期:2019-04-19 出版日期:2020-01-18 发布日期:2019-12-25
  • 通讯作者: 徐盛嘉,硕士,讲师,中国人民解放军陆军工程大学军事运动科学研究中心,江苏省南京市 211101
  • 作者简介:陈艳林,男,1974年生,江苏省新沂市人,汉族,2002年南京体育学院毕业,讲师,主要从事运动训练的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    全军军事类研究生资助课题(2016JY374)

Training variables and autonomic nervous system adaption

Chen Yanlin1, Hu Fei2, Xu Shengjia3   

  1. 1Department of Physical Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Jiangsu Research Institute of Sports Science, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu Province, China; 3Research Center of Military Physical Training, the PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2019-02-20 Revised:2019-03-02 Accepted:2019-04-19 Online:2020-01-18 Published:2019-12-25
  • Contact: Xu Shengjia, Master, Lecturer, Research Center of Military Physical Training, the PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Chen Yanlin, Lecturer, Department of Physical Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Military Project of Graduates, No. 2016JY374

摘要:

文题释义:
自主神经系统:是脊椎动物的末梢神经系统,由躯体神经分化、发展,形成功能上独立的神经系统,在调整心血管系统以适应肌肉活动的代谢需求过程中有重要调节作用,并且是身体活动最重要的表现者和支撑者。
心率变异性:是反映自主神经系统中交感神经和副交感神经(迷走神经)共同调控心功能的敏感标志物,其中包含着心血管系统、激素和体液等调节信息,可用来评价个体运动训练适应性效果。


背景:自主神经系统在调整心血管系统以适应肌肉活动的代谢需求过程中有重要调节作用,并且是身体活动最重要的表现者和支撑者。

目的:通过对国内外关于运动与自主神经系统、心率变异性评定自主神经系统的相关文献进行综述,系统梳理在运动中及运动后,运动强度、运动形式、运动时长对自主神经系统调控的可能影响,进而了解满足适应机体活动代谢需求的相关机制。

方法:检索PubMed等数据库,英文检索词为:“Autonomic nerves system” “Heart rate variability” “Exercise intensity”“Exercise modality”“Exercise duration”;并在中国知网数据库进行检索,中文检索词为:“自主神经系统”“心率变异性”“交感神经”。对文献进行筛选,时限为1999年至2018年,语言限制为中文和英文。

结果与结论:当前,心脏自主神经调节通常采用基于RR间期变化的心率变异性指标进行评定,心率变异性是反映自主神经系统中交感神经和副交感神经(迷走神经)共同调控心功能的敏感标志物,包含着心血管系统、激素和体液等调节信息。但目前对运动训练诱导心脏自主神经系统适应的机制尚不明确。运动强度可能是影响运动中和运动后心脏自主神经系统调节的主要影响因素,而运动形式、运动持续时间等训练学参数,以及它们的交互效应也可能影响心脏自主神经系统的调节适应过程。

ORCID: 0000-0001-8476-2771(陈艳林)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

关键词: 自主神经系统, 心率变异, 运动强度, 运动形式, 运动时长

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Autonomic nervous system plays a critical role in mediating cardiovascular system to adapt the metabolic demands of the muscle activity, and is an important presenter and supporter of physical activity.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically analyze the possible effects of exercise intensity, exercise modality, and exercise duration on autonomic nervous system regulation during and after exercise through reviewing the related literature on the autonomic nervous system and heart rate variability assessment of autonomic nervous system, so as to understand the mechanisms that meet the metabolic needs of physical activities.

METHODS: PubMed and CNKI databases were searched using the keywords of “autonomic nerves system, heart rate variability, exercise intensity, exercise modality, exercise duration” in English and Chinese, respectively. The studies published from 1999 to 2018 were retrieved.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Cardiac autonomic neuromodulation is evaluated by heart rate variability index based on RR interval changes. Heart rate variability is a sensitive marker that reflects the co-regulation of cardiac function in sympathetic nerves and parasympathetic (vagal) nerves in the autonomic nervous system. In addition, the heart rate variability signals contain a large amount of regulatory information, including cardiovascular system, hormones and body fluids. Therefore, the mechanism of exercise-induced cardiac autonomic nervous system adaptation is still unclear. Exercise intensity may be the main factor affecting the regulation of cardiac autonomic nervous system during and after exercise. The training parameters such as exercise form and duration, as well as their interaction effects, may affect the adaptive process of cardiac autonomic nervous system.

Key words: autonomic nervous system, heart rate variability, exercise intensity, exercise modality, exercise duration

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