中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (9): 1531-1535.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.09.004

• 骨与关节损伤基础实验 basic experiments of bone and joint injury • 上一篇    下一篇

微型种植体支抗压低犬切牙移动过程中牙周牙根骨性组织的变化

葛振林1，卢嘉静2，祁  涛1，田佳灵1，杨彩霞1   

  1. 1兰州大学口腔医学院正畸科，甘肃省兰州市  730000
    2泰州职业技术学院，江苏省泰州市  225300
  • 收稿日期:2010-09-17 修回日期:2010-11-26 出版日期:2011-02-26 发布日期:2011-02-26
  • 作者简介:葛振林，男，1967年生，甘肃省兰州市人，汉族，1990年兰州大学口腔医学院毕业，副教授，主要从事口腔正畸学基础及临床研究。
  • 基金资助:

    甘肃省科技支撑计划项目(090NKCA111)；兰州市科技发展计划项目(2008-1-90)。课题名称：应用种植体支抗压低牙齿的实验研究。

Histological changes of tooth root and periodontal tissue during mini-implant anchorage for incisor intrusion in dogs

Ge Zhen-lin1, Lu Jia-jing2, Qi Tao1, Tian Jia-ling1, Yang Cai-xia1   

  1. 1Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou  730000, Gansu Province, China
    2Taizhou Polytechnic College, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2010-09-17 Revised:2010-11-26 Online:2011-02-26 Published:2011-02-26
  • About author:Ge Zhen-lin, Associate professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China gezhl@lzu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:

    the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, No. 090NKCA111*; Science and Technology Development Plan Program of Lanzhou City, No. 2008-1-90*

PDF

382

被引次数

3

摘要：

背景：牙齿压低移动更容易造成牙根吸收，以往针对矫正引起牙根吸收的研究或基于X射线片的回顾性临床研究，或因无法精确控制压低力量，结果误差较大。
目的：建立应用微型种植体支抗压低犬切牙的实验动物模型，观察牙齿压低移动过程中牙周、牙根骨组织学的变化，以评价该治疗方法的可行性及安全性。
方法：将9只犬分为5组：对照组1只，未加力；1周、2周、4周、12周组每组2只，在上颌两侧第二、三切牙牙根之间唇侧的牙槽间隔处植入微型种植体作为支抗，每侧施加100 g的牵引力压低上颌两侧第一、二切牙，分别于加力后1，2，4，12 周（主动加力4周，撤力后保持8周)时处死动物，将第一、二切牙连同牙龈、牙槽骨完整切取，制作组织学标本，苏木精-伊红染色，观察牙周、牙根的组织学变化。
结果与结论：与对照组相比，1周组组织改建主要在根尖部和牙槽嵴顶，牙槽骨及牙骨质可见吸收，牙周膜局部出现玻璃样变性；2周组骨质吸收程度及范围明显扩大，吸收有从根尖部向根中及颈部扩展的现象；4周组骨质吸收仍然活跃，牙周膜玻璃样变性消失；12周组牙槽骨及牙骨质表面显著修复,骨陷窝新骨沉积，牙周膜排列有序。提示应用微型种植体支抗压低牙齿，早期组织变化主要在根尖部和牙槽嵴顶，表现为牙槽骨及牙骨质吸收、牙周膜玻璃样变性。随着压低力的持续，吸收程度及范围扩展。停止加力后，牙根及牙周组织逐渐修复。

关键词: 微型种植体支抗, 压低上切牙, 牙根, 牙周组织, 动物实验

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Tooth intrusion easily leads to root resorption. Previous studies regarding orthodontic treatment-caused tooth root resorption or retrospective clinical studies based on X-ray films have great errors in outcome evaluation because of intrusion force which cannot be precisely controlled.
OBJECTIVE: This study established dog models of mini-implant anchorage for incisor intrusion to observe the histological changes of tooth root and periodontal tissue and to evaluate the feasibility and safety of mini-implant anchorage for incisor intrusion.
METHODS: Nine dogs were assigned to one control group (n = 1) and four experimental groups per time to sacrifice (1, 2, 4 and 12 weeks; n = 2 dogs for each experimental group). No force was added to the control group. In the experimental groups, mini-implant as an anchorage was placed in the buccal alveoli between maxillary second and third incisors on each side. A traction force of 100 g was imposed to each side to intrude the maxillary first and second incisors on each side. At 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks (traction force was imposed for 4 weeks and after withdrawal of extraction force, mini-implant was retained in place for 8 weeks), dogs were sacrificed. The first and second incisors together with gingival and alveolar bone were completely resected to prepare histological specimens. Following hematoxylin-eosin staining, histological changes of tooth root and periodontal tissue were observed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, in the 1-week group, histological changes were primarily at the root tip and alveolar ridge crest, alveolar bone and cementum were absorbed and peridental membrane presented glassy degeneration in local region; in the 2-week group, bone resorption degree and range were obviously enlarged, and bone resorption developed from root tip, root middle part to cervical part; in the 4-week group, bone resorption was still active and the glassy degeneration of peridental membrane disappeared; in the 12-week group, significant improvement in alveolar bone and cemental surface was observed, bone lacuna had deposition of newly formed bone, and peridental membrane was orderly arranged. These findings reveal that in the mini-implant anchorage for dog incisor intrusion, early histological changes primarily appear in the root tip and alveolar ridge crest, presenting as alveolar bone and cemental resorption and the glassy degeneration of the peridental membrane. Bone resorption extent and range expand with the persistence of traction force. After withdrawal of traction force, tooth root and periodontal tissue were gradually repaired. 

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