中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (24): 6316-6327.doi: 10.12307/2026.227

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

中药复方及有效成分治疗椎间盘退变:多靶点及整体调理理念

钟浩添1,黎建文2,韩伟超2,黎松波1,2   

  1. 1广东医科大学第一临床医学院,广东省湛江市   524023;2南方医科大学第十附属医院(东莞市人民医院),广东省东莞市   523069
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-30 修回日期:2025-11-06 出版日期:2026-08-28 发布日期:2026-02-03
  • 通讯作者: 黎松波,硕士,主任医师,硕士生导师,广东医科大学第一临床医学院,广东省湛江市 524023;南方医科大学第十附属医院(东莞市人民医院),广东省东莞市 523069
  • 作者简介:钟浩添,男,2000年生,广东省东莞市人,汉族,广东医科大学在读硕士,主要从事中医药治疗椎间盘退变的临床及基础研究。
  • 基金资助:
    2021年度广东省基础与应用基础研究基金联合基金(粤莞)(2021B1515140056),项目负责人:黎松波;2022年东莞市社会发展科技项目任务书(20221800906282),项目负责人:黎建文

Traditional Chinese Medicine compound formula and effective ingredients for treating intervertebral disc degeneration: a multi-targeted and holistic regulation concept

Zhong Haotian1, Li Jianwen2, Han Weichao2, Li Songbo1, 2   

  1. 1The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, Guangdong Province, China; 2The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People’s Hospital), Dongguan 523069, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2025-06-30 Revised:2025-11-06 Online:2026-08-28 Published:2026-02-03
  • Contact: Li Songbo, MS, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, Guangdong Province, China; The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People’s Hospital), Dongguan 523069, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Zhong Haotian, MS candidate, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    2021 Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund Joint Fund, No. 2021B1515140056 (to LSB); 2022 Dongguan Social Development Science and Technology Project, No. 20221800906282 (to LJW)

摘要:



文题释义:
椎间盘退变:是指在多种内外因素如机械应力、炎症、氧化应激等作用下,髓核、纤维环和软骨终板等结构发生结构性破坏与功能障碍的过程。椎间盘退变过程伴随细胞数量减少、细胞外基质降解酶活性升高、Ⅱ型胶原与聚集蛋白聚糖合成减少等变化。
中药活性成分:是指中药复方中具有明确生物学功能的单一化学物质,如人参皂苷Rg1、三七皂苷R1、银杏素、葛根素、芝麻素等,这些成分在实验中表现出明确的抗炎、抗氧化、调节细胞外基质代谢和细胞死亡等作用。

背景:中医药在治疗椎间盘退变方面有着巨大的潜力和优势,但目前有关中医药改善椎间盘退变作用机制的综述相对匮乏。
目的:综述中药复方及其有效成分通过抗炎、抗氧化应激、维持细胞外基质平衡和调控程序性细胞死亡等机制对椎间盘退变的改善作用。
方法:检索中国知网、万方、PubMed、Web of Science数据库2001年1月至2025年6月的相关文献,中文检索词为“中药,复方,中医药,草药,汤,方,椎间盘退行性病,椎间盘退变,椎间盘损伤,纤维环,软骨终板,髓核,研究,进展,综述,实验,炎症,氧化应激,细胞外基质,程序性细胞死亡,凋亡,焦亡,铁死亡,自噬,免疫细胞,机制”,英文检索词为“Traditional Chinese medicine,herbal medicine,herbal formula,Intervertebral Disc Degeneration,Intervertebral Disc,disc degeneration,nucleus pulposus,annulus fibrosus,cartilage endplate,Oxidative Stress,Extracellular Matrix,Inflammation,Programmed Cell Death,Apoptosis,Pyroptosis,Ferroptosis,Autophagy,review,progress,experiment”,根据纳入和排除标准选择相关文献,最终纳入104篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:中医药可通过多种机制有效抑制炎症因子释放及炎症通路激活,改善椎间盘的局部炎症状态,但目前对其在不同免疫细胞介导炎症反应中的具体作用机制仍不清晰。中医药在缓解椎间盘氧化应激方面展现出较强的多靶点调控能力,尤其在提升抗氧化酶活性、稳定线粒体功能和抑制活性氧积累方面具有独特优势,然而,不同中药活性成分在不同椎间盘细胞类型中的抗氧化效应仍缺乏系统比较,并且相关信号通路之间的交互机制尚待深入探索。中药可通过调控细胞外基质的合成与降解酶活性有效缓解椎间盘结构紊乱。凋亡、焦亡、铁死亡及自噬等多种程序性死亡形式共同参与了椎间盘退变的发生发展,它们之间并非孤立存在,而是通过复杂的信号网络相互影响,因此,利用中药多靶点、整体调节的优势有望同时调控多个程序性细胞死亡过程,从多层面保护椎间盘细胞,延缓退变。
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5158-4077 (钟浩添) 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 中药复方, 中药活性成分, 椎间盘退变, 机制研究, 椎间盘损伤, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has significant potential and benefits in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. However, reviews on the mechanisms by which TCM ameliorates disc degeneration are relatively limited.
OBJECTIVE: To review how TCM compounds and their active ingredients improve intervertebral disc degeneration through mechanisms such as anti-inflammation, antioxidative stress, maintenance of extracellular matrix balance and regulation of programmed cell death. 
METHODS: CNKI, WanFang, PubMed, and Web of Science were retrieved for relevant literature published from January 2001 to June 2025. The Chinese search terms were “Chinese herb, compound, traditional Chinese medicine, herbal medicine, soup, formula, degenerative disc disease, disc degeneration, disc injury, annulus fibrosus, cartilage endplates, nucleus pulposus, research, progress, review, experiment, inflammation, oxidative stress, extracellular matrix, programmed cell death, apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, autophagy, immune cells, mechanisms.” The English search terms included “traditional Chinese medicine, herbal medicine, herbal formula, intervertebral disc degeneration, intervertebral disc, disc degeneration, nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus, cartilage endplate, oxidative stress, extracellular matrix, inflammation, programmed cell death, apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, autophagy, review, progress, experiment.” Articles were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and 104 articles were finally included for analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: TCM can effectively inhibit the release of inflammatory factors and the activation of inflammatory pathways to improve the local inflammatory state of the intervertebral disc through multiple mechanisms, but its specific mechanisms in different immune cell-mediated inflammatory responses are still unclear. TCM has demonstrated strong multi-targeting ability in mitigating oxidative stress in the intervertebral disc, especially in enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, stabilizing the mitochondrial function, and inhibiting reactive oxygen species accumulation. However, there is a lack of systematic comparison of the antioxidant effects of different TCM active ingredients in different intervertebral disc cell types, and the interaction mechanism between the relevant signaling pathways needs to be explored in-depth. TCM can effectively alleviate the structural disorders of intervertebral discs by modulating the activities of extracellular matrix synthesizing and degrading enzymes. Multiple forms of programmed death, such as apoptosis, pyroptosis, iron death and autophagy, are involved in the development of intervertebral disc degeneration. These forms do not exist in isolation from each other, but interact with each other through a complex signaling network. Therefore, it is expected that the advantages of multi-targeted and holistic regulation of traditional Chinese medicines can be utilized to simultaneously regulate multiple cell programmed death processes, protect intervertebral disc cells and slow down the degeneration in multiple dimensions.

Key words: traditional Chinese medicine compound, active components of traditional Chinese medicine, intervertebral disc degeneration, mechanism research, intervertebral disc injury, review

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