中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (22): 5844-5858.doi: 10.12307/2026.193

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

转录因子EB介导自噬溶酶体通路改善阿尔茨海默病

胡亚琳,黄凤琴,杨伯银,罗兴梅   

  1. 贵州医科大学附属医院,贵州省贵阳市   550004
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-04 接受日期:2025-08-25 出版日期:2026-08-08 发布日期:2025-12-27
  • 通讯作者: 罗兴梅,博士,主任医师,硕士生导师,贵州医科大学附属医院,贵州省贵阳市 550004
  • 作者简介:胡亚琳,女,1999年生,贵州省毕节市人,汉族,硕士在读,主要从事认知功能障碍研究。
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2024]一般225),项目负责人:罗兴梅;国家自然科学基金培养项目(gyfynsfc[2023]-46),项目负责人:罗兴梅;贵州医科大学附属医院博士科研基金项目(gyfybsky-2023-28),项目负责人:罗兴梅

Transcription factor EB improves Alzheimer’s disease via the autophagy-lysosome pathway

Hu Yalin, Huang Fengqin, Yang Boyin, Luo Xingmei   

  1. Guizhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2025-07-04 Accepted:2025-08-25 Online:2026-08-08 Published:2025-12-27
  • Contact: Luo Xingmei, PhD, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Guizhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Hu Yalin, MS candidate, Guizhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project, No. ZK[2024]General 225 (to LXM); National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. gyfynsfc[2023]-46 (to LXM); Doctoral Research Fund Project of Guizhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital, No. gyfybsky-2023-28 (to LXM) 

摘要:



文题释义:
哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物1:是由哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白激酶核心亚基、雷帕霉素靶蛋白调节相关蛋白、哺乳动物致死SEC13蛋白8等组成的营养感应复合物,是转录因子EB的核心负调控因子,在阿尔茨海默病中呈现病理性过度激活。
神经纤维缠结:是阿尔茨海默病特征性病理结构,由过度磷酸化Tau蛋白丧失微管结合能力后通过β-折叠堆叠形成纤维并在神经元内聚集形成的双股螺旋纤维,其密度与认知衰退显著相关。激活转录因子EB可上调自噬受体p62,促进过度磷酸化Tau蛋白经自噬溶酶体降解,以达到神经保护作用。

背景:研究证实,转录因子EB及其依赖的自噬溶酶体通路在包括阿尔茨海默病在内的多种神经退行性疾病的发展中发挥作用。
目的:总结转录因子EB介导自噬溶酶体通路在阿尔茨海默病中的作用。
方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方、维普数据库中的相关文献,检索时限为各数据库建库至2025年1月,英文检索词为“Alzheimer Disease,AD,Transcription Factor EB,TFEB,Autophagy-lysosome Pathway,Autophagy,Lysosomes,Amyloid beta,Aβ,Tau,Tau protein”,中文检索词为“阿尔茨海默病,转录因子EB,自噬溶酶体,自噬,溶酶体,β-淀粉样蛋白,Tau”;同时手动补充检索相关综述的参考文献及灰色文献,最终纳入100篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:β-淀粉样蛋白沉积和Tau蛋白磷酸化是阿尔茨海默病的关键病理特征。自噬溶酶体通路异常会促进β-淀粉样蛋白和Tau等神经毒性蛋白聚集体的形成,引起以认知功能障碍和精神行为异常为主的阿尔茨海默病临床表现。转录因子EB是自噬溶酶体途径的主要调节因子,它调控着许多自噬相关基因的转录及溶酶体的生物发生。转录因子EB进入细胞核后通过上调自噬溶酶体通路相关基因表达清除β-淀粉样蛋白及Tau,显著减轻神经元毒性,因此,通过靶向转录因子EB影响自噬溶酶体生物活性,从而改善阿尔茨海默病病理及行为缺陷受到越来越多的关注,例如通过药物干预及非药物干预激活转录因子EB,减少β-淀粉样蛋白沉积及Tau蛋白磷酸化,改善阿尔茨海默病认知障碍。但转录因子EB持续激活有诱发溶酶体贮积症等风险,目前递送系统颅内靶向效率不足,未来需开发病理微环境响应型载体及联合疗法,以实现精准干预。
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8396-9870 (胡亚琳) 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 阿尔茨海默病, 转录因子EB, 自噬溶酶体, β-淀粉样蛋白, Tau, 发病机制

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies have confirmed that transcription factor EB and its dependent autophagy-lysosome pathway play a role in the development of various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the role of transcription factor EB-mediated autophagy-lysosome pathway in Alzheimer’s disease.
METHODS: Electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang Medical Network, and VIP were searched. The search period was from database inception to January 2025. The search terms were “Alzheimer Disease, AD, Transcription Factor EB, TFEB, Autophagy-lysosome Pathway, Autophagy, Lysosomes, Amyloid beta, Aβ, Tau, Tau protein” in English as well as “Alzheimer’s disease, transcription factor EB, autophagic lysosomes, autophagy, lysosomes, β-amyloid, Tau” in Chinese. Additionally, the references of relevant reviews and grey literature were manually supplemented. A total of 100 articles were finally included for review. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Amyloid-β deposition and Tau protein phosphorylation are the key pathological features of Alzheimer’s disease. Abnormalities in the autophagy-lysosome pathway promote the formation of neurotoxic protein aggregates such as amyloid-β and Tau, leading to the clinical manifestations of Alzheimer’s disease characterized by cognitive dysfunction and behavioral abnormalities. Transcription factor EB is a key regulator of the autophagy-lysosome pathway, controlling the transcription of many autophagy-related genes and lysosomal biogenesis. After entering the nucleus, transcription factor EB upregulates the expression of autophagy-lysosome pathway-related genes, significantly increasing the clearance rate of amyloid-β and Tau and significantly reducing neuronal toxicity. Therefore, increasing attention focuses on improving the pathology and behavioral deficits of Alzheimer’s disease by targeting transcription factor EB to affect the biological activity of autophagic lysosomes. For example, activating transcription factor EB through drug intervention and non-drug intervention can reduce β-amyloid deposition and Tau protein phosphorylation, thereby improving cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease.

Key words: Alzheimer’s disease, transcription factor EB, autophagy-lysosome, amyloid-β, Tau, pathogenesis

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