中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (24): 6189-6195.doi: 10.12307/2026.164

• 骨组织构建 bone tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

血清残余胆固醇降低肥胖小鼠骨质量

侯晓丽1,曹福源1,高静媛2,邢  磊2,刘  宁3,张  楠4,范新昊4,曹国龙5,田发明1   

  1. 1华北理工大学公共卫生学院,河北省器官纤维化重点实验室,河北省唐山市   063210;2华北理工大学附属医院,河北省唐山市   063000;3 唐山市第二医院,河北省唐山市   063000;4开滦总医院,河北省唐山市   063000;5唐山市工人医院,河北省唐山市   063000

  • 收稿日期:2025-05-19 修回日期:2025-08-20 出版日期:2026-08-28 发布日期:2026-01-28
  • 通讯作者: 田发明,博士,教授,博士生导师,华北理工大学公共卫生学院,河北省器官纤维化重点实验室,河北省唐山市 063210 通讯作者:曹国龙,博士,主任医师,唐山市工人医院,河北省唐山市 063000
  • 作者简介:第一作者:侯晓丽,女,1981年生,辽宁省阜新市人,汉族,博士,讲师,主要从事骨质疏松、骨关节炎等中老年多发骨病的发病机制与防治研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(NSFC 81874029),项目负责人:田发明;中央引导地方发展资金项目(246Z7744G),项目负责人:侯晓丽;河北省属高校基本科研业务费资助项目(JYG2021005),项目负责人:侯晓丽 

Serum remnant cholesterol reduces bone quality in obese mice

Hou Xiaoli1, Cao Fuyuan1, Gao Jingyuan2, Xing Lei2, Liu Ning3, Zhang Nan4, Fan Xinhao4, Cao Guolong5, Tian Faming1   

  1. 1Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei Province, China; 2Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China; 3Tangshan Second Hospital, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China; 4Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China; 5Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2025-05-19 Revised:2025-08-20 Online:2026-08-28 Published:2026-01-28
  • Contact: Tian Faming, PhD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei Province, China Co-corresponding author: Cao Guolong, PhD, Chief physician, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan 063000, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Hou Xiaoli, PhD, Lecturer, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81874029 (to TFM); Central Government-guided Local Science and Technology Development Foundation of Hebei Province, No. 246Z7744G (to HXL); Basic Scientific Research Foundation of Universities in Hebei Province, No. JYG2021005 (to HXL)

摘要:




文题释义:
残余胆固醇:一般由三酰甘油的代谢产物组成,通常是血脂中的中间密度脂蛋白胆固醇、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、乳糜微粒组合而成,属于致动脉粥样硬化脂蛋白的一种。
Micro-CT:是一种高分辨率的三维成像技术,基于X射线断层扫描原理,能够在不破坏样品的情况下对微小样本的内部结构进行高精度三维重建和定量分析。

背景:高累积残余胆固醇水平与多种代谢性疾病发病风险相关联,但高累积残余胆固醇对骨质量的影响仍有待探究。 
目的:探索高累积残余胆固醇水平对高脂饲养小鼠骨量、微结构和生物力学性能的影响。
方法:将10只C57BL6小鼠随机分为对照组(n=5)和高脂组(n=5),对照组给予普通饲料喂养20周,高脂组给予高脂高胆固醇饲料喂养20周。每周检测小鼠体质量。喂养20周后取材,检测小鼠血清总胆固醇、残余胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、Ⅰ型胶原羧基端交联肽、Ⅰ型前胶原氨基端前肽水平,Micro-CT检测股骨松质骨和皮质骨微结构,三点弯曲实验检测股骨的弹性模量和最大应力,
RT-qPCR检测胫骨RUNT相关转录因子2 、Ⅰ型胶原、骨钙素、碱性磷酸酶、骨保护素、核因子κB受体活化因子配体、活化T细胞核因子1、组织蛋白酶K mRNA表达,采用Pearson法分析残余胆固醇、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平与骨密度的相关性,残余胆固醇水平与骨体积分数、骨小梁数量、结构模型指数、骨小梁分离度的相关性。
结果与结论:①从喂养第6周开始,高脂组小鼠体质量高于对照组(P < 0.05)。高脂组小鼠血清总胆固醇、残余胆固醇、Ⅰ型胶原羧基端交联肽水平均高于对照组(P < 0.05)。②Micro-CT检测显示,与对照组相比,高脂组小鼠骨微结构发生较为明显的退变,具体表现为松质骨骨密度、骨体积分数、骨小梁连接密度和骨小梁数量显著降低,松质骨骨小梁分离度、结构模型指数和骨小梁模式因子显著升高(P < 0.05),皮质骨厚度、体积和面积无显著变化(P > 0.05)。两组小鼠股骨弹性模量和最大应力比较无明显差异(P > 0.05)。③RT-qPCR检测显示,高脂组RUNT相关转录因子2、Ⅰ型胶原、骨钙素、碱性磷酸酶和骨保护素mRNA表达低于对照组(P < 0.05),活化T细胞核因子1和组织蛋白酶K mRNA表达高于对照组(P < 0.05)。④Pearson分析显示,残余胆固醇和总胆固醇水平与骨密度呈显著负相关(P < 0.05),残余胆固醇与骨体积分数和骨小梁数量呈显著负相关(P < 0.05),与结构模型指数和骨小梁分离度呈显著正相关(P < 0.05)。结果表明残余胆固醇可能通过影响骨转换平衡降低骨骼质量。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2134-207X (侯晓丽) 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 残余胆固醇, 骨密度, 骨体积分数, 骨小梁数量, 结构模型指数, 骨小梁分离度, 连接密度, 骨小梁模式因子, 生物力学

Abstract: BACKGROUND: High cumulative remnant cholesterol levels are associated with the risk of various metabolic diseases, but their impact on bone quality remains to be explored.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of high cumulative remnant cholesterol levels on bone mass, microstructure, and biomechanical properties in high-fat diet treated mice.
METHODS: Ten healthy male SPF-grade C57BL6 mice were randomly allocated into normal control group and high-fat diet group. The normal control group was fed a normal diet for 20 weeks, while the high-fat diet group was fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet for 20 weeks. Mouse body mass was detected every week. After 20 weeks of feeding, samples were collected to measure serum total cholesterol, residual cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, cross-linked carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, and N-terminal propeptides of procollagen type I levels. Micro-CT was used to assess the microstructure of trabecular and cortical bone in the femur. The three-point bending test was employed to determine the elastic modulus and maximum stress of the femur. RT-qPCR was used to detect mRNA expression of RUNT-related transcription factor 2, type I collagen, osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, osteoprotegerin, nuclear factor κB receptor activator ligand, activated T cell nuclear factor 1, and cathepsin K in the tibia. The Pearson correlation method was used to analyze the correlation between residual cholesterol, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and bone mineral density, as well as the correlation between residual cholesterol levels and bone volume fraction, trabecular number, structural model index, and trabecular separation. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the normal control group, the high-fat diet group showed significant increases in body mass, levels of serum remnant cholesterol and cross-linked carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (P < 0.05). (2) Micro-CT analysis revealed that compared with the normal control group, the high-fat diet group showed more obvious degeneration of bone microstructure, specifically manifested as a significant decrease in trabecular bone mineral density, bone volume fraction, trabecular connectivity density, and trabecular number, and a significant increase in trabecular separation, structural model index, and trabecular pattern factor (P < 0.05), but no significant changes in cortical bone thickness, volume, and area (P > 0.05). Biomechanical analysis results indicated no significant differences in the elastic modulus and maximum stress of the femur between the two groups of mice (P > 0.05). (3) RT-qPCR analysis showed that compared with the normal control group, the mRNA expression levels of RUNT-related transcription factor 2, type I collagen, osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, and osteoprotegerin were significantly downregulated in the high-fat diet group (P < 0.05), while the mRNA expression levels of activated T cell nuclear factor 1 and cathepsin K were significantly upregulated in the high-fat diet group (P < 0.05). (4) Pearson correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between remnant cholesterol and total cholesterol with bone mineral density (P < 0.05), with remnant cholesterol showing a significantly negative correlation with bone volume fraction and trabecular number (P < 0.05) and a significantly positive correlation with structural model index and trabecular separation (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that remnant cholesterol may impact bone quality by disrupting the balance of bone turnover.

Key words: remnant cholesterol, bone mineral density, bone volume fraction, trabecular numbe, structural model index, trabecular separation, connectivity density, trabecular pattern factor, biomechanics

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