中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (11): 2870-2876.doi: 10.12307/2026.037

• 组织构建相关数据分析 Date analysis of organization construction • 上一篇    下一篇

羧肽酶 M:基于eQTL数据库与芬兰基因大数据揭示骨坏死治疗的新靶点

高鑫海1,谭黄圣1,何升华2   

  1. 1广州中医药大学第四临床医学院,广东省深圳市   518000;2深圳市中医院骨伤科二病区,广东省深圳市   518000

  • 收稿日期:2025-01-24 接受日期:2025-04-03 出版日期:2026-04-18 发布日期:2025-09-06
  • 通讯作者: 何升华,硕士,主任中医师,深圳市中医院骨伤科二病区,广东省深圳市 518000
  • 作者简介:高鑫海,男,2001年生,江西省宜春市人,汉族,2023年江西中医药大学毕业,医师,主要从事中西医结合防治脊柱相关疾病研究。
  • 基金资助:
    深圳市“医疗卫生三名工程”项目(SZZYSM202211004),项目负责人:何升华

Carboxypeptidase M: unveiling a new therapeutic target for osteonecrosis based on eQTL Database and Finnish Genetic Big Data

Gao Xinhai1, Tan Huangsheng1, He Shenghua2   

  1. 1The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China; 2The Second Ward of the Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2025-01-24 Accepted:2025-04-03 Online:2026-04-18 Published:2025-09-06
  • Contact: He Shenghua, MS, Chief physician, The Second Ward of the Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Gao Xinhai, Physician, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Shenzhen “Healthcare Sanming Project,” No. SZZYSM202211004 (to HSH)

摘要:


文题释义:
表达数量性状位点(eQTL)数据:是指能够解释基因表达水平变异的遗传变异位点,是揭示基因功能调控的重要工具。在此研究中,表达数量性状位点数据用于分析羧肽酶M基因的表达变化与骨坏死的遗传关联。通过将表达数量性状位点与全基因组关联研究数据相结合,研究进一步确认了与骨坏死相关的遗传变异与羧肽酶M基因表达共享因果位点。这一过程为探索羧肽酶M基因在骨坏死中的保护作用提供了定量证据,从而支持羧肽酶M作为潜在治疗靶点的开发。
全基因组关联研究(GWAS)数据:通过对大量样本的基因组扫描,发现与疾病或性状显著相关的遗传变异,是探索遗传风险因素的核心方法。在此研究中,全基因组关联研究数据用于识别骨坏死显著关联位点,并结合表达数量性状位点数据,评估这些位点是否影响羧肽酶M基因的表达。通过共定位分析,研究进一步验证了骨坏死的全基因组关联研究信号与羧肽酶M的表达数量性状位点信号共享因果变异。这一分析为羧肽酶M基因作为骨坏死治疗靶点的遗传学基础提供了重要支持。

背景:骨坏死是一种以骨组织缺血性坏死为特征的慢性骨科疾病,现有治疗手段虽能延缓疾病进展,但无法彻底治愈,亟需探索新的治疗靶点。基于此背景,组学技术的发展为解析复杂疾病的遗传机制提供了有效工具,其中表达数量性状位点数据和全基因组关联研究数据能够揭示遗传变异对基因表达的影响。
目的:探索羧肽酶 M基因在骨坏死中的潜在保护作用,评估其作为新的治疗靶点的可能性,并为骨坏死的精准治疗提供理论依据。
方法:采用双样本孟德尔随机化分析,整合了2个国际数据库:eQTLGen和FinnGen GWAS。eQTLGen由荷兰格罗宁根大学和爱沙尼亚塔图尔大学联合建设,涵盖31 684名欧洲人群,专注于揭示遗传变异对基因表达的调控作用;FinnGen GWAS数据库由芬兰生物银行联合多家科研机构构建,包含1 788例骨坏死患者与429 826名对照,致力于疾病表型和基因型的深度关联研究。对表达数量性状位点数据库中2 534个可成药基因进行系统筛选,发现了羧肽酶 M基因的表达数量性状位点信号与骨坏死全基因组关联研究信号共享因果变异。结合敏感性分析(包括异质性检测、水平多效应评估和留一法分析)、共定位分析进一步验证结果的可靠性和稳健性。
结果与结论:研究发现羧肽酶 M基因与骨坏死显著相关,羧肽酶 M高表达可显著降低骨坏死风险(OR < 1,错误发现率< 0.05)。共定位分析证实,羧肽酶 M的表达数量性状位点信号与骨坏死的全基因组关联研究信号共享因果变异(PP.H4=98.03%)。首次揭示了羧肽酶 M基因在骨坏死中的保护作用,明确它作为潜在治疗靶点的价值,为骨坏死的精准治疗提供了坚实依据,对中国基础医学和临床医学研究具有重要的借鉴意义。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2827-6899 (何升华) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 骨坏死, 羧肽酶 M, 表达数量性状位点, 孟德尔随机化, 全基因组关联研究, 治疗靶点, 可用药基因, 共定位分析

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Osteonecrosis is a chronic orthopedic disease characterized by ischemic necrosis of bone tissue. Current treatment methods can delay the disease progression, but cannot completely cure it. There is an urgent need to explore new therapeutic targets. Against this backdrop, the development of omics technologies has provided effective tools for analyzing the genetic mechanisms of complex diseases. Among them, expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data can reveal the impact of genetic variations on gene expression. 
OBJECTIVE: To explore the potential protective role of the Carboxypeptidase M gene in osteonecrosis, evaluate its possibility as a new therapeutic target, and provide a theoretical basis for the precision treatment of osteonecrosis.
METHODS: Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was adopted, integrating two international databases: eQTLGen and FinnGen GWAS. eQTLGen was jointly established by the University of Groningen in the Netherlands and the University of Tartu in Estonia, covering 31 684 European populations, which focuses on revealing the regulatory effect of genetic variations on gene expression. The FinnGen GWAS database was constructed by the Finnish Biobank in collaboration with multiple research institutions, containing 1 788 osteonecrosis patients and 429 826 controls, dedicated to in-depth research on the association between disease phenotypes and genotypes. This study systematically screened 2 534 druggable genes in the eQTL database and found that the eQTL signal of the Carboxypeptidase M gene shared causal variations with the GWAS signal of osteonecrosis. Sensitivity analyses (including heterogeneity detection, horizontal pleiotropy assessment, and leave-one-out analysis) and colocalization analysis were carried out to ensure the robustness and reliability of the results.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The study found that the Carboxypeptidase M gene was significantly associated with osteonecrosis, and its high expression could significantly reduce the risk of osteonecrosis (odds ratio < 1, false discovery rate < 0.05). Colocalization analysis confirmed that the eQTL signal of the Carboxypeptidase M gene shared causal variations with the GWAS signal of osteonecrosis (PP.H4=98.03%). This study is the first to reveal the protective role of the Carboxypeptidase M gene in osteonecrosis, clarifying its value as a potential therapeutic target and providing a solid basis for the precision treatment of osteonecrosis. It has important implications for basic and clinical medical research in China.

Key words: osteonecrosis, Carboxypeptidase M, expression quantitative trait locus, Mendelian randomization, genome-wide association studies, therapeutic targets, druggable genes, colocalization analysis

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