中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (3): 572-578.doi: 10.12307/2025.116

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

有限元法构建退行性脊柱侧弯模型:病因与治疗中的生物力学分析

贺  凯1,邢文华2,刘胜祥2,白贤明2,周  晨2,高  旭2,乔  宇3,何  强1,高志宇1,郭  圳1,包阿如汗1,李查德1   

  1. 1内蒙古医科大学,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市   010110;2 内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市   010020;3呼和浩特市第一医院,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市   010030
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-11 接受日期:2024-02-04 出版日期:2025-01-28 发布日期:2024-06-04
  • 通讯作者: 邢文华,博士,教授,主任医师,硕士生导师,内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010010
  • 作者简介:贺凯,男,1996 年生,内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市人,汉族,内蒙古医科大学在读硕士,主要从事骨科疾病的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古医科大学“致远”人才计划项目(ZY0110016),项目负责人:邢文华

Constructing a model of degenerative scoliosis using finite element method: biomechanical analysis in etiology and treatment

He Kai1, Xing Wenhua2, Liu Shengxiang2, Bai Xianming2, Zhou Chen2, Gao Xu2, Qiao Yu3, He Qiang1, Gao Zhiyu1, Guo Zhen1, Bao Aruhan1, #br# Li Chade1   

  1. 1Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; ²Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010020, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; ³Hohhoo People’s Hospital, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2023-12-11 Accepted:2024-02-04 Online:2025-01-28 Published:2024-06-04
  • Contact: Xing Wenhua, MD, Professor, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:He Kai, Master candidate, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:

    Zhiyuan” Talent Program Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. ZY0110016 (to XWH)

摘要:

文题释义

有限元分析法:是一种对工程和数学建模中出现的微分方程进行数值求解的技术,在生物力学研究中得到了广泛的应用。在有限元法中,一个结构可以划分为一个子域的集合。每个子域可以由有限数量的元素表示,这些元素与共享节点相互连接。这种方法的优点是它可以精确地表示复杂的几何形状。
退行性脊柱侧弯:是指18周岁以前无侧弯,成年之后新生的冠状面Cobb角> 10°,且伴有矢状面、水平轴面异常的脊柱退行性疾病。

摘要
背景:退行性脊柱侧弯是指发生在成年之后,脊柱冠状面Cobb角度> 10°伴有矢状面畸形和旋转脱位,常常产生脊髓、神经受压症状,如腰疼、下肢疼痛、麻木、无力、神经源性跛行等。有限元法是一种计算机建模的力学分析技术,通过建立数字化网格模型,能真实还原人类脊柱模型并可进行脊柱力学研究。
目的:综述有限元法在退行性脊柱侧弯病因及治疗中的应用。
方法:在文献数据库中国知网、PubMed、Web of Science中检索2023年10月之前发表的有关有限元分析法在退行性脊柱侧弯中应用的文献,英文检索词为finite element anaysis,biomechanics,stress analysis,degenerative scoliosis,adult spinal deformity,中文检索词为有限元分析法、生物力学、应力分析、退变性脊柱侧凸、成年性脊柱侧凸。最终纳入文献54篇。
结果与结论:①运用有限元法构建的退行性脊柱侧弯模型得出的生物力学研究结果,与体内试验研究结果相同,证明有限元法在退行性脊柱侧弯中具有较高的实用价值;②通过有限元法对退行性脊柱侧弯的病因与治疗进行研究,有利于预防其发生、减缓其进展、制定出更合适的治疗方案、减少手术并发症出现、促进患者术后康复等;③有限元法从材料单一的骨性结构逐渐发展到纳入肌肉韧带等软组织的阶段,且小样本含量越来越无法满足研究需要;④有限元法在退行性脊柱侧弯领域有较大的发展空间。

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0609-8321 (贺凯) 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 退行性脊柱侧弯, 成人性脊柱侧弯, 有限元分析法, 生物力学, 应力分析, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Degenerative scoliosis is defined as a condition that occurs in adulthood with a coronal cobb angle of the spine >10° accompanied by sagittal deformity and rotational subluxation, which often produces symptoms of spinal cord and nerve compression, such as lumbar pain, lower limb pain, numbness, weakness, and neurogenic claudication. The finite element method is a mechanical analysis technique for computer modelling, which can be used for spinal mechanics research by building digital models that can realistically restore the human spine model and design modifications.
OBJECTIVE: To review the application of finite element method in the etiology and treatment of degenerative scoliosis.
METHODS: The literature databases CNKI, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched for articles on the application of finite element method in degenerative scoliosis published before October 2023. Search terms were “finite element analysis, biomechanics, stress analysis, degenerative scoliosis, adult spinal deformity” in Chinese and English. Fifty-four papers were finally included.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The biomechanical findings from the degenerative scoliosis model constructed using the finite element method were identical to those from the in vivo experimental studies, which proves that the finite element method has a high practical value in degenerative scoliosis. (2) The study of the etiology and treatment of degenerative scoliosis by the finite element method is conducive to the prevention of the occurrence of the scoliosis, slowing down the progress of the scoliosis, the development of a more appropriate treatment plan, the reduction of complications, and the promotion of the patients’ surgical operation. (3) The finite element method has gradually evolved from a single bony structure to the inclusion of soft tissues such as muscle ligaments, and the small sample content is increasingly unable to meet the research needs. (4) The finite element method has much room for exploration in degenerative scoliosis.

Key words: degenerative scoliosis, adult spinal deformity, finite element method, biomechanics, stress analysis, review

中图分类号: