中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (26): 4107-4112.doi: 10.12307/2023.481

• 肌肉肌腱韧带组织构建 tissue construction of the muscle, tendon and ligament • 上一篇    下一篇

有氧训练干预模式下膝关节韧带损伤患者膝关节及韧带功能的改变

张  朵1，单继新2   

  1. 1中国民用航空飞行学院体育部，四川省德阳市  618307；2 成都体育学院附属体育医院创伤骨科，四川省成都市  610041
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-28 接受日期:2022-07-25 出版日期:2023-09-18 发布日期:2023-01-28
  • 通讯作者: 单继新，硕士，主治中医师，成都体育学院附属体育医院创伤骨科，四川省成都市 610041
  • 作者简介:张朵，女，1989年生，安徽省淮北市人，2016年成都体育学院毕业，硕士，讲师，主要从事运动与健康促进、体育教学与训练方面的研究。

Alteration in knee and ligament functions in patients with knee ligament injury under aerobic training intervention mode

Zhang Duo1, Shan Jixin2   

  1. 1Department of Physical Education, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Deyang 618307, Sichuan Province, China; 2Department of Traumatology, Affiliated Sport Hospital of Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2022-02-28 Accepted:2022-07-25 Online:2023-09-18 Published:2023-01-28
  • Contact: Shan Jixin, Master, Attending physician, Department of Traumatology, Affiliated Sport Hospital of Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Duo, Master, Lecturer, Department of Physical Education, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Deyang 618307, Sichuan Province, China

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摘要：

文题释义：

膝关节韧带：膝关节作为人体最大最复杂的关节，承担人体约90%的体质量，平地行走时承受自身体质量2.5-3.0倍的压力，上楼梯时承受相当于平地行走时约6倍的压力，其内源性稳定依赖韧带、关节囊、关节面等组织结构。膝关节韧带是保护和稳定膝关节的重要结构，主要包括前交叉韧带、后交叉韧带、内侧副韧带和外侧副韧带。膝关节的平衡与稳定被间接或直接接触暴力打破后，容易产生非生理性活动。一旦韧带被不可耐受力牵拉就会引起膝关节韧带损伤。
有氧活动：有氧训练，又称有氧代谢运动，是指以增加体内氧气的吸入、输送及利用为主要目的的耐久性运动。有氧运动即人体在供氧充足的条件下所进行的体育运动，在此过程中，人体吸入的氧气与氧的需求相等从而达到了一定的生现平衡状态。有氧训练过程中由于人体的代谢水平提高，从而对血、氧的需求相应提高，而通过心脏泵血能力的加强和肺脏呼吸运动的加快，可满足人体对血氧需求的增加，从而实现运动中血与氧供需的平衡。

背景：膝关节韧带损伤重建术后部分患者大腿肌肉明显萎缩，而术后的制动、固定措施也将导致关节内的粘连与关节周围软组织的挛缩，因此韧带损伤后的康复过程中加以肌肉力量的训练对促进其快速恢复具有重要效用。
目的：分析有氧训练干预模式对膝关节韧带损伤患者膝关节、韧带功能的改善效用。
方法：选择接受关节镜下修复治疗的膝关节韧带损伤患者94例，随机分为试验组及常规组，每组47例。常规组患者修复术后采用常规康复干预模式，试验组术后在常规组基础上采用有氧训练干预的综合锻炼模式，干预3个月。对比两组治疗前及治疗3个月后目测类比评分、韧带功能指标值(屈肌/伸肌峰力矩比值、肢体对称性测定值)、膝关节功能 Lysholm评分、生活质量SF-36评分结果，采用Pearson相关系数分析患者韧带功能、膝关节功能评分与其生活质量的相关性。

结果与结论：①治疗3个月后两组目测类比评分均较治疗前显著降低，试验组目测类比评分较常规组显著降低(均P < 0.001)；②治疗3个月后两组屈肌/伸肌峰力矩比值、肢体对称性测定值均较治疗前显著升高，试验组各指标值均较常规组显著升高(均P < 0.001)；③治疗3个月后两组Lysholm评分结果均较治疗前显著升高，试验组评分结果较常规组显著升高(均P < 0.001)；④治疗3个月后试验组SF-36量表总评分结果较常规组显著升高(P < 0.001)；⑤采用Pearson相关性分析显示，患者生活质量与屈肌/伸肌峰力矩比值、肢体对称性测定值、Lysholm评分结果均呈明显正相关(P < 0.05)；⑥提示有氧训练干预模式能够有助于膝关节韧带损伤患者膝关节功能、韧带功能的快速提升，帮助患者早日恢复运动功能，亦可提高患者生活质量。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6489-511X(张朵)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

关键词: 有氧训练, 膝关节韧带损伤, 韧带功能, 运动功能, 生活质量

Abstract: BACKGROUND: After reconstruction of knee ligament injuries, some patients develop obvious thigh muscle atrophy. Moreover, postoperative immobilization and fixation measures will also lead to intra-articular adhesion and soft tissue contracture around the joint. Therefore, in the rehabilitation process after ligament injury, muscle strength training plays an important role in promoting its rapid recovery.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of aerobic training mode of skeletal muscle recovery on knee joint and ligament functions of patients with knee ligament injury. 
METHODS: A total of 94 patients with knee ligament injury who received arthroscopic repair were selected and randomized into experimental group and conventional group, with 47 patients in each group. Patients in the conventional group received conventional rehabilitation intervention mode, and patients in the experimental group received integrated exercise mode of aerobic training intervention on the basis of the conventional group. Visual analog scale score, ligament function indexes (flexor/extensor peak moment ratio, limb symmetry measurements), knee function Lysholm score, and quality of life (SF-36) score were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between patients’ ligament function score, knee function score and their quality of life. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Visual analog scale scores decreased significantly in the experimental group compared with the conventional group after 3 months of treatment (P < 0.001). After 3 months of treatment, flexor/extensor peak moment ratio and limb symmetry measures improved significantly in the two groups, and all the indexes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the conventional group (all P < 0.001). After 3 months of treatment, the Lysholm score increased significantly in the two groups, and the Lysholm score was significantly higher in the experimental group than the conventional group (both P < 0.001). After 3 months of treatment, the total score of SF-36 scale increased significantly in the experimental group compared with the conventional group (P < 0.001). Pearson correlation analysis showed that quality of life was significantly positively correlated with flexor/extensor peak moment ratio, limb symmetry, and Lysholm score (P < 0.05). To conclude, aerobic training intervention mode can effectively improve the knee join and ligament functions of patients with knee ligament injury, help patients recover motor function as soon as possible, and improve the quality of life of patients.

Key words: aerobic training, knee ligament injury, ligament function, motor function, quality of life

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