中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (35): 5658-5664.doi: 10.12307/2022.886

• 骨组织构建 bone tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

酸枣仁提取物靶向调控促进骨骼增长的miRNA筛选

罗石任,谢  艳,张  丽,殷  娜   

  1. 河南省洛阳正骨医院(河南省骨科医院),河南省洛阳市  471002
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-11 接受日期:2021-11-29 出版日期:2022-12-18 发布日期:2022-05-16
  • 通讯作者: 谢艳,副研究员,河南省洛阳正骨医院(河南省骨科医院),河南省洛阳市 471002
  • 作者简介:罗石任,女,1986年生,广西壮族自治区梧州市人,汉族,2013年河南中医药大学毕业,硕士,主管药师,主要中药制剂的质量标准研究。
  • 基金资助:
    河南省中医药科学研究专项课题(2018ZY1023),项目参与人:谢艳,罗石任

miRNA screening for targeted regulation of bone growth by semen ziziphi spinosae extract

Luo Shiren, Xie Yan, Zhang Li, Yin Na   

  1. Henan Provincial Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Luoyang 471002, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2021-10-11 Accepted:2021-11-29 Online:2022-12-18 Published:2022-05-16
  • Contact: Xie Yan, Associate researcher, Henan Provincial Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Luoyang 471002, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Luo Shiren, Master, Pharmacist-in-charge, Henan Provincial Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Luoyang 471002, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Henan Provincial Scientific Research Special Project for Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 2018ZY1023 (to XY and LSR [project participants])

摘要:

文题释义:
骨骼增长:此文的骨骼增长是指长骨及脊柱的生长,会促进人体及动物的身高增长。促进身高增长主要有两种手段,一是促进骨的更快生长,包括以中医药疗法,激素疗法、针灸、穴位按摩等;再一个手段是延迟骨骺的闭合,给骨更多的生长时间。此文涉及的是中药疗法通过调控miRNA,抑制5-羟色胺2A受体的表达,从而延长慢波睡眠,促进生长激素分泌,进而促进骨的生长,是一种基本无毒副作用的方法。
MicroRNA (miRNA):是一类内生的、长度为20-26个核苷酸的小RNA,其在细胞内具有多种重要的调节作用。每个miRNA可以有多个靶基因,而几个miRNA也可以调节同一个基因。这种复杂的调节网络既可以通过一个miRNA来调控多个基因的表达,也可以通过几个miRNA的组合来精细调控某个基因的表达。据推测,miRNA调节着人类1/3的基因,miRNA最重要的一个功能是在动植物中以负调控方式参与转录后基因表达调控。

背景:生长激素大部分在慢波睡眠期间分泌,而慢波睡眠启动和延长的一个决定因素是5-羟色胺。作者前期研究发现,酸枣仁提取物可以通过升高5-羟色胺1A受体的表达,使其与5-羟色胺结合,延长慢波睡眠,从而促进生长激素的分泌,促进骨骼增长。同时发现,酸枣仁提取物可以下调脑组织5-羟色胺2A受体的表达,会使5-羟色胺1A受体失去竞争抑制与5-羟色胺更好地结合,从而促进慢波睡眠的延长,促进生长激素的分泌,引发骨骼增长。
目的:证明酸枣仁提取物可以通过降低5-羟色胺2A受体促进小鼠骨骼增长,并筛选由酸枣仁提取物调控靶向5-羟色胺2A受体促进骨骼增长的miRNA。
方法:①昆明种小鼠分为空白对照组、酸枣仁提取物高、低剂量组、阳性对照组和5-羟色胺2A受体选择性抑制剂组(以下简称抑制剂组),每组10只。空白对照组小鼠每日灌胃去离子水,酸枣仁提取物高、低剂量组分别灌胃酸枣仁提取物混悬液0.16,0.32 mg/g,阳性对照组灌胃酸枣仁皂甙A标准品溶液,抑制剂组灌胃酸枣仁提取物水溶液0.32 mg/g,同时灌胃最后3 d每天侧脑室注射10 μg M100907。灌胃后第25天观察药物对小鼠体长的影响,ELISA法观察药物对血清生长激素、脑组织5-羟色胺2A受体表达的影响。②SD大鼠分为空白对照组、酸枣仁提取物组、阳性对照组和5-羟色胺2A受体选择性抑制剂组(以下简称抑制剂组),于灌胃第3天开始,观察药物对慢波睡眠的影响。③然后用芯片法检测药物引起骨骼增长的小鼠与普通小鼠脑组织差异表达的miRNAs,并优选以5-羟色胺2A受体为靶基因的miRNA,同时进行qRT-PCR验证。
结果与结论:①用药25 d后,高剂量组小鼠体长明显长于空白对照组(P < 0.01);小鼠血清生长激素水平明显高于空白对照组和抑制剂组(P < 0.01,P < 0.01);酸枣仁提取物组脑组织5-羟色胺2A受体表达水平明显降低,低于抑制剂组(P < 0.01);②酸枣仁提取物组和阳性对照组慢波睡眠期时长均大于空白对照组(P < 0.01,P < 0.01),也大于抑制剂组(P < 0.05,P < 0.05);药物对异相睡眠时期无影响;③符合筛选条件的差异表达miRNAs共16个,其中表达上调13个,表达下调3个;④经qRT-PCR验证调控5-羟色胺2A受体的为上调的miR-34a-5p;⑤提示酸枣仁提取物可以通过抑制5-羟色胺2A受体的表达延长慢波睡眠,从而促进生长激素分泌引起小鼠骨骼增长,其可能的机制为药物上调了miR-34a-5p的表达从而引起5-羟色胺2A受体的低表达。
缩略语:5-羟色胺1A受体:serotonin 1A receptor,5-HT1AR;5-羟色胺2A受体:serotonin 2A receptor,5-HT2AR

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0456-4319 (罗石任)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 酸枣仁提取物, 5-羟色胺2A受体, 小鼠, 骨骼增长, miRNA, 大鼠, 慢波睡眠

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Growth hormone is secreted during slow-wave sleep in large proportion, and the initiation and prolongation of slow-wave sleep is closely linked with serotonin. Previous studies have shown that semen ziziphi spinosae extract can increase the expression of serotonin 1A receptor. The combination of serotonin 1A receptor and serotonin can prolong slow-wave sleep, thereby promoting the secretion of growth hormone and bone growth. In addition, semen ziziphi spinosae extract can down-regulate the expression of serotonin 2A receptor in brain tissue, which can promote the combination of serotonin 1A receptor and serotonin, thereby promoting the prolongation of slow-wave sleep, the secretion of growth hormone, and bone growth.
OBJECTIVE: To prove that semen ziziphi spinosae extract can promote bone growth in mice by down-regulating the expression of serotonin 2A receptor and to screen miRNAs targeting serotonin 2A receptor and promoting bone growth.
METHODS: (1) Kunming mice were divided into blank control group, high- and low-dose groups of semen ziziphi spinosae extract (hereinafter referred to as high- and low-dose groups), positive control group, and serotonin 2A receptor selective inhibitor group (hereinafter referred to as inhibitor group), with 10 mice in each group. Mice in the blank control group were gavaged with deionized water every day, the high- and low-dose groups were gavaged with 0.16 and 0.32 mg/g semen ziziphi spinosae extract suspension respectively, the positive control group was gavaged with semen ziziphi spinosae saponin A standard solution, and the inhibitor group was gavaged with semen ziziphi spinosae extract aqueous solution. Gavage was administered to each group at the same period, and 10 μg of M100907 was injected into the lateral ventricle of each mouse once a day for the last 3 days. Changes in the body length of mice were observed, and changes in the expression of serum growth hormone and brain tissue serotonin 2A receptor were observed by ELISA. (2) Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into blank control group, medication group (given semen ziziphi spinosae extract), positive control group and serotonin 2A receptor selective inhibitor group (hereinafter referred to as the inhibitor group). The effects of drugs on slow-wave sleep were observed at the 3rd day after intragastric administration. (3) The chip method was used to detect the differentially expressed miRNAs in the brain tissues of mice with bone growth and ordinary mice. The miRNAs targeting serotonin 2A receptor were selected and verified by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) After 25 days of treatment, the body length of mice in the high-dose group was significantly longer than that in the blank control group (P < 0.01). The serum growth hormone level of mice was significantly higher in the high-dose group than the blank control and inhibitor groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.01). Compared with the inhibitor group, semen ziziphi spinosae extract significantly lowered the expression of serotonin 2A receptor in brain tissue (P < 0.01). (2) The duration of slow-wave sleep in the medication and positive control groups was longer than that in the blank control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.01) and in the inhibitor group (P < 0.05, P < 0.05). There was no difference in the effects of drugs on paradoxical sleep periods. (3) A total of 16 differentially expressed miRNAs met the screening conditions, 13 of which were up-regulated and 3 were down-regulated. (4) It was verified by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR that the up-regulated miR-34a-5p could regulate serotonin 2A receptor. (5) All these findings indicate that semen ziziphi spinosae extract can inhibit the expression of serotonin 2A receptor and prolong slow-wave sleep, thereby increasing the secretion of growth hormone and promoting bone growth in mice. The possible mechanism is that semen ziziphi spinosae extract up-regulates the expression of miR-34a-5p which results in the lowered expression of serotonin 2A receptor.

Key words: semen ziziphi spinosae extract, serotonin 2A receptor, mouse, bone growth, microRNA, rat, slow-wave sleep

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