中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (15): 2377-2381.doi: 10.12307/2022.594

• 骨与关节图像与影像 bone and joint imaging • 上一篇    下一篇

高频超声引导下桡骨远端稳定性骨折的手法复位并小夹板外固定

周玉兰1,袁德超2,李  英1,高  涛2,曾  健1,尹崇仿1,杨基兰1   

  1. 自贡市第四人民医院,1超声科,2骨科,四川省自贡市   643000
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-27 修回日期:2021-09-13 接受日期:2021-10-28 出版日期:2022-05-28 发布日期:2022-01-06
  • 通讯作者: 袁德超,硕士,主治医师,自贡市第四人民医院骨科,四川省自贡市 643000
  • 作者简介:周玉兰,女,1990年生,2013年川北医学院毕业,主治医师,主要从事超声诊断治疗方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省卫生健康委员会科研课题(20PJ275),项目负责人:袁德超;四川省医学会青年创新科研课题(Q19026),项目负责人:袁德超;自贡市重点科技计划创新苗子课题(2018CXMZ05),项目负责人:袁德超;自贡市第四人民医院院内培育课题,项目负责人:周玉兰

High-frequency ultrasound-guided manual reduction and small splint external fixation in the treatment of stable fractures of the distal radius

Zhou Yulan1, Yuan Dechao2, Li Ying1, Gao Tao2, Zeng Jian1, Yin Chongfang1, Yang Jilan1   

  1. 1Department of Ultrasound, 2Department of Orthopedics, Zigong Fourth People’s Hospital, Zigong 643000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2021-07-27 Revised:2021-09-13 Accepted:2021-10-28 Online:2022-05-28 Published:2022-01-06
  • Contact: Yuan Dechao, Master, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Zigong Fourth People’s Hospital, Zigong 643000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Zhou Yulan, Attending physician, Department of Ultrasound, Zigong Fourth People’s Hospital, Zigong 643000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Scientific Research Project of Sichuan Provincial Health Commission, No. 20PJ275 (to YDC); Youth Innovation Research Project of Sichuan Medical Association, No. Q19026 (to YDC); Innovation Seedling Project of Key Science and Technology Plan of Zigong City, No. 2018CXMZ05 (to YDC); Cultivation Project of Zigong Fourth People’s Hospital (to ZYL)

摘要:

文题释义:
高频超声:指超声线阵探头为高频率(5-20 MHz)的超声检查,高频超声作为一种非侵入检查手段,具有高分辨率、便捷安全、无损害、实时动态观察等优点,已经被广泛应用于肌肉骨骼系统疾病的诊断和治疗。
桡骨远端骨折:是指距桡骨远端关节面3 cm以内的骨折,这个部位是松质骨与密质骨的交界处,为解剖薄弱处,容易发生骨折,多为间接暴力所致,按照受伤机制常分为伸直型骨折、屈曲型骨折、关节面骨折伴腕关节脱位。按照骨折端稳定程度分为稳定性骨折和不稳定性骨折,稳定性骨折多采用保守治疗。

背景:稳定性桡骨远端骨折经手法复位小夹板外固定能获得较满意疗效,但存在一定的盲目性,随着肌骨超声的发展,为引导辅助骨折复位、提高复位质量及成功率提供了可能性。
目的:探讨高频超声引导下辅助手法复位并小夹板外固定治疗桡骨远端稳定性骨折的可行性。
方法:2020年1-7月在自贡市第四人民医院诊断为单侧桡骨远端稳定性骨折患者100例,按照随机区组法分为试验组(50例)和对照组(50例),试验组患者接受高频超声引导下对桡骨远端骨折手法复位小夹板外固定,对照组采用徒手闭合复位小夹板外固定,采用改良Green与O’Brien评分评价腕关节功能,采用改良Sanniento评分评价影像学表现。随访12个月,比较两组首次复位成功率、腕关节功能评分、影像学评分差异。
结果与结论:①试验组首次复位成功率优于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);②在复位后即刻,试验组和对照组影像学评价优率分别为90.0%,62.0%,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);在复位后2个月时,试验组和对照组影像学评价优率分别为80.0%,56.0%,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);③在复位后2个月时,试验组和对照组腕关节功能评价优率分别为10.0%,8.0%,差异无显著性意义;在复位后12个月时,试验组和对照组腕关节功能评价优率分别为90.0%,66.0%,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);④结果表明,高频超声引导下对桡骨远端稳定性骨折手法复位并小夹板外固定,能够提高复位成功率和复位质量,改善患者后期腕关节功能。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-6715 (袁德超) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 桡骨远端骨折, 稳定性骨折, 高频超声, 肌骨超声, 手法复位, 小夹板, 超声引导, X射线

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Manual reduction with external fixation using small splint for stable distal radius fracture can achieve satisfactory results, but there is some blindness. Development of musculoskeletal ultrasound provides the possibility for ultrasound-assisted reduction of fractures, which improves the quality and successful rate of reduction.  
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of high-frequency ultrasound-guided manual reduction combined with small splint fixation in the treatment of stable fractures of the distal radius.
METHODS:  One hundred patients who were diagnosed with unilateral stable distal radius fracture at Zigong Fourth People’s Hospital from January 2020 to July 2020 were randomly divided into two groups (n=50 per group): an experimental group and a control group. Patients in the experimental group received high-frequency ultrasound-guided manual reduction and small splint fixation, and patients in the control group received the closed reduction and small splint fixation. Wrist function was evaluated by modified Green and O'Brien scoring systems, and radiological findings were evaluated by modified Sanniento scoring method. The initial reduction success rate, wrist function scores, and imaging scores were compared between the two groups during 12-month follow-up.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The success rate of initial reduction in the experimental group was significantly better than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The excellent rate of imaging evaluation was 90.0% and 62.0% in the experimental group and the control group, respectively, immediately after reduction, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). At 2 months after reduction, the excellent rate of imaging evaluation was 80.0% and 56.0% in the experimental group and the control group, respectively, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). At 2 months after reduction, the excellent rate of wrist function evaluation was 10.0% and 8.0% in the experimental group and the control group, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. At 12 months after reduction, the excellent rate of wrist function evaluation was 90.0% and 66.0% in the experimental group and the control group, respectively, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). All these findings indicate that the high-frequency ultrasound-guided manual reduction with small splint fixation can improve the reduction success rate and quality, and improve the wrist function in patients with stable fracture of the distal radius.

Key words: distal radius fracture, stable fracture, high-frequency ultrasound, musculoskeletal ultrasound, manual reduction, small splint, ultrasonic guidance, X-ray

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