中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (17): 2625-2630.doi: 10.12307/2022.525

• 口腔组织构建 oral tissue construction •    下一篇

三维成像技术评估骨性Ⅱ类错颌不同垂直骨面型的牙轴倾斜特征

周星宇,贾  莹,李仲伟,丁  琪   

  1. 贵州医科大学,贵州省贵阳市   550004
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-11 修回日期:2021-03-15 接受日期:2021-05-23 出版日期:2022-06-18 发布日期:2021-12-24
  • 通讯作者: 贾莹, 硕士,教授,贵州医科大学,贵州省贵阳市 550004
  • 作者简介:周星宇,女,1993年生,山东省济宁市人,贵州医科大学在读硕士,主要从事错颌畸形研究。

Characteristics of dental inclination in different vertical skeletal types of skeletal class II malocclusion: a three-dimensional imaging evaluation

Zhou Xingyu, Jia Ying, Li Zhongwei, Ding Qi   

  1. Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2021-03-11 Revised:2021-03-15 Accepted:2021-05-23 Online:2022-06-18 Published:2021-12-24
  • Contact: Jia Ying, Master, Professor, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Zhou Xingyu, Master candidate, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
骨性Ⅱ类:通过头影测量得出的上下颌骨在矢状方向相对位置的关系,可分为3种类型:Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类及Ⅲ类,其中骨性Ⅱ类代表下颌相对上颌位置靠后。
转矩角、轴倾角:通常指牙齿长轴与牙合平面垂线的夹角,唇舌方向的倾斜角度即为转矩角,近远中方向的倾斜角度即为轴倾角。

背景:课题组前期通过锥形束CT测量研究发现,Ⅲ类错颌的牙轴倾斜特征受垂直方向不调的影响存在一定的代偿表现。而中国人作为Ⅱ类错颌的高发人群,在不同骨面型的诊治策略上有所不同,推测与各牙位的牙轴倾斜代偿差异有关。
目的:探究骨性Ⅱ类错颌不同垂直骨面型的全牙长轴在矢状向及冠状向的倾斜特征,以期为临床诊治提供指导。
方法:收集不同垂直面型的骨性Ⅱ类错颌70例(均角30例、高角20例、低角20例)、骨性Ⅰ类均角30例患者头颅锥形束CT影像的Dicom数据,应用invivo 5.1软件进行骨性Ⅱ类高、均、低角错颌及骨性Ⅰ类均角错颌全牙轴倾角、转矩角的测量,并进行对比分析。
结果与结论:①骨性Ⅱ类错颌中,低角骨面型的牙轴倾角与高角、均角骨面型相比,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);高角和均角骨面型的牙轴倾斜特征基本相似;②骨性Ⅱ类低角与Ⅱ类均、高角比较:矢状向,上前牙正转矩角减小及下前牙相对倾斜直立,上后牙冠近中轴倾角减小及下后牙近中轴倾角增大;冠状向上,Ⅱ类低角上下尖牙的近中轴倾度减小,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);③骨性Ⅱ类与Ⅰ类均角比较:矢状向,除下前牙外,Ⅱ类高、均角与Ⅰ类均角的牙轴特征基本相似,但两组与Ⅱ类低角相比差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);下前牙中,Ⅱ类错颌组间差异较小但与Ⅰ类均角相比下前牙表现为牙轴唇倾增加;冠状向,后牙中,Ⅱ类各组间牙轴倾斜特征相似,但与Ⅰ类相比上后牙有舌向倾斜趋势,下后牙有颊向倾斜趋势,且在上颌第二前磨牙、第一磨牙、第二磨牙及下颌第一磨牙中差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);前牙中,Ⅱ类错颌与Ⅰ类错颌牙轴倾斜特无明显差异;④提示骨性Ⅱ类错颌整体存在下前牙及后牙的牙齿代偿,其中低角较高角、均角的牙齿代偿明显;骨性Ⅱ类低角错颌的矢状向牙齿倾斜特征与颌骨的旋转有关。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-1290 (周星宇) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 骨性Ⅱ类, 垂直骨面型, 转矩角, 轴倾角, 颅锥形束CT

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Based on cone-beam CT measurement, the research group has found that the dental inclination characteristics of class III malocclusion are compensated due to the influence of the vertical direction. As a population group with a high incidence of class II malocclusion, there are different diagnoses and treatment strategies in Chinese people with different skeletal types, which is speculated to be related to the compensation difference of dental inclination.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the sagittal and coronal inclination characteristics of the whole tooth axis in different vertical skeletal types of class II malocclusion in order to provide guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment. 
METHODS: Dicom data of cone-beam CT images were collected from 70 patients with skeletal class II malocclusion (middle angle: 30 cases, high angle: 20 cases, low angle: 20 cases) and 30 patients with middle-angle skeletal class I. The tipping angle and torque of all teeth were measured and compared by the software Invivo 5.1. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In skeletal class II malocclusion, there was a statistically significant difference in the dental inclination of low-angle skeletal class II and high-/middle-angle skeletal class II, while the dental inclination of high- and middle-angle skeletal class II was basically similar. (2) Comparison of low-angle with middle- and high-angle skeletal class II: In the sagittal plane, the positive torque of the anterior upper teeth decreased and the anterior lower teeth were relatively upright, while mesio-inclination of the upper posterior teeth decreased and mesio-inclination of the lower posterior teeth increased. In the coronal plane, there was a significant difference in the trend of mesio-inclination of the upper and lower canines with low-angle class II (P < 0.05). (3) Comparison of skeletal class II and middle-angle skeletal class I: In the sagittal plane, except for anterior lower teeth, the characteristics of tooth inclination of middle-/high-angle class II and middle-angle class I are basically similar; however, there was significant difference between the two groups and low-angle class II (P < 0.05). For the anterior lower teeth, the skeletal class II malocclusion group showed no significant difference; however, compared with middle-angle class I, the labial inclination of the anterior lower teeth had increased. In the coronal plane, for the posterior teeth, the inclination characteristics of skeletal class II were similar. However, compared with skeletal class I, the posterior upper teeth showed a lingual inclination trend and the posterior lower teeth showed a buccal inclination trend. Moreover, there were statistically significant differences among upper second premolars, first molars, second molars, and lower first molars (P < 0.05). For the anterior teeth, there was no significant difference between class II and class I malocclusions. To conclude, skeletal class II malocclusion has the dental compensation of the anterior lower and posterior teeth, and the dental compensation of low-angle class II is more significant than that of high- and middle-angle class II. The sagittal inclination of low-angle skeletal class II malocclusion is related to the rotation of the jaw.

Key words: skeletal class II malocclusion, vertical skeletal type, torque, tipping angle, cranial cone-beam CT

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