中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2010, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (29): 5467-5470.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.29.037

• 生物材料学术探讨 biomaterial academic discussion • 上一篇    下一篇

人工皮肤替代物的材料种类及其特征

赵广建1，赵  耀2   

  1. 武警医学院附属医院，1医教部，2肾病科，天津市   300162
  • 出版日期:2010-07-16 发布日期:2010-07-16
  • 通讯作者: 赵耀，医师，武警医学院附属医院肾病科，天津市 300162
  • 作者简介:赵广建，男，1958年生，河北省魏县人，汉族，1980年解放军第四军医大学毕业，副教授，副主任医师，主要从事预防医学与皮肤病学研究。 guangjianzhao@yahoo.cn

Material types and characteristics of artificial skin substitutes

Zhao Guang-jian1, Zhao Yao2   

  1. 1 Department of Medical Education, 2 Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Tianjin   300162, China
  • Online:2010-07-16 Published:2010-07-16
  • Contact: Zhao Yao, Physician, Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, China
  • About author:Zhao Guang-jian, Associate professor, Associate chief physician, Department of Medical Education, Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, China guangjianzhao@yahoo.cn

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1260

被引次数

16

摘要：

目的：评价组织工程人工皮肤替代物各种生物材料的性能和应用，寻找适合人体的替代物。
方法：以“组织工程，人工皮肤，支架材料”为中文关键词，“tissue engineering， Artificial skin，intravascular stent” 为英文关键词，采用计算机检索1993-01/2009-10相关文章。纳入与有关生物材料与人工皮肤修复相关的文章；排除重复研究或Meta分析类文章。以26篇文献为主重点进行了讨论组织工程人工皮肤替代物及其性能。
结果：组织工程人工皮肤是应用组织工程技术将体外培养的上皮细胞和成纤维细胞扩增后，接种于具有良好生物相容性的材料上，经体外培养，形成含有与正常皮肤相似的表皮和真皮结构的皮肤替代物。然后将其移植于皮肤创面处，以实现创伤的修复和重建。将两种或两种以上的材料复合在一起，或对生物材料表面进行各种各样的修饰，促进细胞与材料之间的黏附、提高细胞的生物活性、维持生物功能成为目前组织工程生物材料研究的热点。
结论：目前还没有一种人工材料能完全符合组织工程的要求。进一步提高支架材料的微观渗透性和生物活性，促进毛细血管的长入；制备结构仿生支架材料及高活性复合支架材料是今后的研究方向。

关键词: 组织工程皮肤材料, 人工皮肤, 支架材料, 皮肤替代物, 生物相容性

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the properties and application of various biological materials for tissue engineered artificial skin substitutes, and to search an alternative to the human body.
METHODS: Using “tissue engineering, artificial skin, scaffold” as the Chinese key words, “tissue engineering, artificial skin, intravascular stent” as the English key words, a computer search was performed for articles published between January 1993 and October 2009. Articles related with the biological materials and artificial skin repair were included; repeat study or Meta analysis articles were excluded. The involving 26 articles mainly discussed tissue engineered artificial skin substitutes and their performance.
RESULTS: Tissue engineered artificial skin is to inoculate the epithelial cells and fibroblasts, which are in vitro cultured amplified using tissue engineering technology, into materials with good biocompatibility, and to form skin substitutes of similar epidermis and dermis structures with normal skin following in vitro culture. Then skin substitutes are transplanted into the skin wound to achieve wound repair and reconstruction. The currently research focus of tissue engineering biomaterials is how to compound two or more materials, or various kinds of modifications on the surface of biological materials, how to promote adhesion between cells and materials, how to enhance the biological activity of cells, and how to maintain biological functions.
CONCLUSION: There is no one kind of artificial materials that fully comply with the requirements of tissue engineering. Further research should focus on the improvement of the micro-scaffold permeability and biological activity, and promoting the capillary growth; preparing biomaterial scaffold of bionic structure and highly active compound scaffolds.

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