中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (34): 5506-5512.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.34.016

• 材料生物相容性 material biocompatibility • 上一篇    下一篇

支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞颅内动脉瘤的并发症分析

赵玉龙,张海峰,董玉书,蒋  为,郝广志,梁国标,高  旭
  

  1. 解放军沈阳军区总医院神经外科,全军神经医学研究所,辽宁省沈阳市  110840
  • 收稿日期:2017-07-08 出版日期:2017-12-08 发布日期:2018-01-04
  • 通讯作者: 高旭,博士,副主任医师,解放军沈阳军区总医院神经外科,全军神经医学研究所,辽宁省沈阳市 110840
  • 作者简介:赵玉龙,男,1990年生,内蒙古自治区通辽市人,汉族,硕士,主要从事脑血管病介入治疗研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(81300990,81671174,81671313)

Complications associated with stent-assisted coil embolization of wide-neck intracranial aneurysms

Zhao Yu-long, Zhang Hai-feng, Dong Yu-shu, Jiang Wei, Hao Guang-zhi, Liang Guo-biao, Gao Xu
  

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Shenyang 110840, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2017-07-08 Online:2017-12-08 Published:2018-01-04
  • Contact: Gao Xu, M.D., Associate chief physician, Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Shenyang 110840, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Zhao Yu-long, Master, Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Shenyang 110840, Liaoning Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81300990, 81671174, 81671313

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:
颅内动脉瘤:动脉瘤是动脉壁缺陷和血流动力学因素共同造成动脉壁上的局限性异常扩张。颅内动脉瘤是严重威胁人类健康的一种常见脑血管疾病。文献记载脑动脉瘤的成人患病率为0.2%-9%,而在血管造影上发现的概率为0.5%-1.0%。颅内动脉瘤的症状可以表现为占位效应或者栓子形成造成的神经功能障碍,但最常见的临床症状是蛛网膜下腔出血。
支架:宽颈和梭形动脉瘤往往需要辅助手段才能达到完全栓塞,支架是目前常用的辅助栓塞的材料之一。支架不但可以防止弹簧圈通过较宽的瘤颈突入载瘤动脉造成缺血性事件,还可以改变动脉瘤内的血流动力学,促进瘤内血栓的形成使动脉瘤愈合。
 
背景:支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞已成为治疗颅内复杂动脉瘤的重要技术,对于该技术的相关并发症以及防治策略尚缺少系统分析。
目的:系统分析自膨式颅内专用支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内宽颈和梭形动脉瘤的围手术期和随访并发症,探讨该技术的安全性。
方法:回顾性分析解放军沈阳军区总医院神经外科从2003年7月到2009年12月应用支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗的232例颅内动脉瘤患者(239个动脉瘤)的临床资料及随访结果;针对治疗中出现的各种并发症,详细分析原因和总结处理经验。
结果与结论:①接受治疗的239个动脉瘤中,2个动脉瘤因血管迂曲支架未能到位,1个动脉瘤支架释放后3个月复查造影动脉瘤消失,其余236个动脉瘤顺利完成支架辅助栓塞治疗,术中支架顺利到位,放置满意;②操作相关并发症包括:血栓形成(n=13)、动脉瘤术中破裂(n=8)、弹簧圈突出(n=5)、占位效应(n=3)、血管损伤(n=3)和支架移位(n=2);③操作相关致残率和死亡率分别为4.3%(10/232)和1.3%(3/232)。蛛网膜下腔出血所致的非操作相关并发症主要包括脑血管痉挛和脑积水,在129例急性期破裂动脉瘤患者中发生率分别为18.6%(24/129)和7.0%(9/129);④88.4%(205/232)患者预后满意(mRS 0-2分),术后无(再)出血发生;⑤155例患者(159个动脉瘤)接受脑血管造影随访,总体再通率为14.5%(23/159)。随访中无支架或弹簧圈移位发生。迟发性并发症包括支架内狭窄(n=2)和穿支血管闭塞(n=2);⑥结果表明,支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤疗效肯定,并发症发生率和再通率低。血栓形成是主要的操作相关致残、致死因素。支架对载瘤动脉的长期影响需进一步随访观察。

关键词: 生物材料, 颅内动脉瘤, 支架, 弹簧圈, 血管内治疗, 随访, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Stent-assisted coil embolization has become an important technique for the treatment of intracranial complex aneurysms. However, there is no systematic analysis of complications and prevention strategies related to this technique.
OBJECTIVE: To systematically analyze the complications related to stent-assisted coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms during perioperative and follow-up periods and to assess the safety of this method.
METHODS: A retrospective study of 232 consecutive patients with 239 wide-necked aneurysms who underwent stent-assisted coil embolization at the Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command from July 2003 to December 2009 was performed. Angiographic results and clinical outcomes were evaluated. A variety of complications were analyzed. The technical feasibility of the procedure, procedure-related complications, angiographic results, clinical outcomes and follow-up angiography were evaluated.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Stenting was successful in the 236 of 239 aneurysms. Procedure-related complications included thomboembolism (n=13), intraprocedural rupture (n=8), coil protrusions (n=5), new mass effect (n=3), vessel injury (n=3), and stent dislodgement (n=2). Procedure-related morbidity and mortality was 4.3% (10/232) and 1.3% (3/232), respectively. Nonprocedural complications attributable to subarachnoid hemorrhage in 129 patients with acute ruptured aneurysms were symptomatic vasospasm (18.6%, 24/129) and shunt-dependent hydrocephalus (7.0%, 9/129). Favorable clinical outcomes (mRS 0-2) were observed in 88.3% (205/232) of the patients, and no rehemorrhage of treated aneurysms occurred. Follow-up angiography was obtained in 155 patients (159 treated aneurysms). The overall recanalization rate was 14.5% (23/159). No stenting or coiling displacement occurred during the follow-up. Delayed complications included in-stent stenosis (n=2) and penetrating artery occlusion (n=2). In conclusion, our study indicates that stent-assisted coil embolization of intracranial aneurysm is a safe technique with low morbidity and mortality rates. Thromboembolism is the main cause of procedure-related disability and death. Nevertheless, further long-term follow-up is necessary to determine the durability of these promising results. 

Key words: Intracranial Aneurysm, Stents, Embolization, Therapeutic, Tissue Engineering

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