中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (33): 5393-5398.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0655

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

缺血性脑卒中治疗中干细胞移植的作用机制及应用价值

张栋林1,李 丹1,王敏娟2   

  1. 1西安医学院,陕西省西安市 710021;2西安医学院第一附属医院,陕西省西安市 710000
  • 修回日期:2018-07-22 出版日期:2018-11-28 发布日期:2018-11-28
  • 通讯作者: 王敏娟,在读博士,副主任医师,西安医学院第一附属医院,陕西省西安市 710000
  • 作者简介:张栋林,男,1993年生,陕西省西安市人,汉族,西安医学院在读硕士,主要从事脑血管病治疗方面的研究。

Mechanism and application of stem cell transplantation in the treatment of ischemic stroke

Zhang Dong-lin1, Li Dan1, Wang Min-juan2   

  1. 1Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi Province, China; 2the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Revised:2018-07-22 Online:2018-11-28 Published:2018-11-28
  • Contact: Wang Min-juan, Doctorate candidate, Associate chief physician, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Dong-lin, Master candidate, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
缺血性脑卒中:
是指脑部血液供应障碍所导致的局部脑组织缺血、缺氧性坏死,进而出现相应神经功能缺损的脑血管疾病。局限性脑缺血的病因有:大脑中动脉栓塞,颅外颈内动脉或椎动脉狭窄、闭塞或血栓形成,脑动脉痉挛。弥漫性脑缺血的病因有:心搏骤停、低血压、贫血、低血糖等。
神经干细胞移植:是将神经干细胞移植到宿主体内,使神经干细胞向神经系统病变部位趋行、聚集,并存活、增殖、分化为神经元和/或胶质细胞,从而促进宿主缺失功能的部分恢复的一种技术。近年来,神经干细胞研究成为治疗神经退行性疾病和中枢神经系统损伤的热点。

 

摘要
背景:
缺血性脑卒中一旦发病形成神经损伤,尚无有效的治疗方法促进神经功能恢复。大量的实验研究证实干细胞移植不仅具有神经功能保护作用,而且具有细胞替换和功能恢复的潜力。
目的:从干细胞的特殊性、干细胞移植治疗缺血性脑卒中可能的机制、可以应用干细胞的类型、移植的时期、位置、剂量以及手术的安全性等几方面进行综述。
方法:第一作者以“stem cells;transplantation;ischemic stroke”为英文关键词,以“干细胞;移植;缺血性脑卒中”为中文关键词,检索2013年1月至2018年2月期间收录在PubMed,中国知网数据库中与干细胞移植治疗缺血性脑卒中相关的文献,文献类型包括临床研究、基础研究及综述类文章,排除与文章研究目的无关及重复性的文献,最终纳入55篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:①随着科学技术及医学的发展,更多类型的干细胞被发掘,但由于存在细胞来源、分离纯化及安全性等问题,目前对于间充质干细胞移植治疗缺血性脑卒中的研究应用最为广泛;②在选择移植时机、途径及剂量时,在缺血损伤24-72 h,经静脉移植8×105-8×106细胞量在基础或临床研究中多次被应用,这为以后的研究提供思路,但是否为最佳方法需要进一步验证;③干细胞移植治疗缺血性脑卒中具有广阔的应用前景,干细胞的价值一再被证实,无疑为将来脑缺血的治疗提供了一条新的途径;④同时,这一治疗方法在应用于临床前面临许多挑战,仍有较多的难题亟待解决。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
ORCID:
0000-0001-5313-051X(张栋林)

关键词: 干细胞, 移植, 神经传导, 胚胎干细胞, 畸胎瘤, 神经营养因子, 立体定向植入, 缺血性脑卒中

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Once a nerve injury is developed after the onset of ischemic stroke, there is no effective treatment to promote the recovery of nerve function. A large number of experimental studies have proved that stem cell transplantation not only has neuroprotective effects, but also has the potential of cell replacement and functional recovery.
OBJECTIVE: To review the specificity of stem cells, the possible mechanisms of stem cell transplantation for the treatment of ischemic stroke, the viable types of stem cells, the time, location and dose of stem cell transplantation, and the safety of surgery.
METHODS: Using the keywords of “stem cells; transplantation; ischemic stroke” in English and Chinese, respectively, the first author retrieved relevant articles about stem cell transplantation in the treatment of ischemic stroke published from January 2013 to February 2018 in PubMed and CNKI databases. The literature types included clinical research, basic research and review articles. After removal of the articles that were not related to the purpose of the study or repetitive, 55 articles were finally analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: With the development of technology and medicine, more types of stem cells have been discovered. However, due to the problems of cell origin, isolation and purification, and safety, mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for the treatment of ischemic stroke is the most widely used and studied. When selecting the timing, route, and dose of transplantation, 8×105 to 8×106 cells that are transplanted intravenously at 24 to 72 hours after ischemic injury have been widely used in basic or clinical experiments, which provide ideas for future research. However, whether it is the best method requires further experimental verification. Stem cell transplantation has broad application prospects in the treatment of ischemic stroke, and the value of stem cells has been repeatedly confirmed, which undoubtedly provides a new approach for the treatment of cerebral ischemia. However, this treatment method will encounter many challenges and there are still a lot of problems that need to be solved before it is used in clinical practice. 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

Key words: Stem Cells, Transplantation, Stroke, Tissue Engineering

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