Table of Content

28 October 2018, Volume 22 Issue 30 Previous Issue    Next Issue

For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Reference Manager ProCite BibTeX RefWorks

Toggle Thumbnails

Select

Effects of domestic porous tantalum on biological behavior and function of rabbit osteoblasts Wang Qian, Teng Xue-feng, Gan Hong-quan, Zhang Hui, Cui Yi-shuang, Chen Jing-jing, Li Qi-jia, Wang Zhi-qiang 2018, 22 (30):  4757-4762.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0969 Abstract ( 337 )   PDF (846KB) ( 249 )   Save BACKGROUND: The domestic porous tantalum implant material has a three-dimensional spatial structure that may affect the growth and secretion of cells. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the proliferation, cell cycle, osteogenic secretion of osteoblasts co-cultured with domestic porous tantalum scaffolds.   METHODS: Passage 3 rabbit osteoblasts were extracted and divided into three groups: normal culture group, control group added with the porous tantalum extract, and experimental group co-cultured with the porous tantalum scaffold. The proliferation of cells in each group was detected by cell counting kit-8 method at 3, 5, 7 days of culture. The growth of osteoblasts on the porous tantalum scaffold was observed by scanning electron microscopy. ELISA kit assay was applied to detect the levels of osteocalcin and type I collagen in osteoblasts at 3, 5, 7 days of culture. The cell circle of osteoblasts was detected by flow cytometry at 7 days of culture.   RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Cell proliferation: There was no difference in cell proliferation among the three groups at different time points (P > 0.05). (2) Scanning electron microscopy: On the 3rd day of compound culture, the cells adhered to the scaffold surface and pores, and arranged sparsely with few protrusions. On the 5th day, the cells began to extend, and the adjacent cells were interconnected to form a flaky growth. On the 7th day, the cells merged into pieces, and the secreted matrix covered most of the scaffold surface. (3) ELISA detection: With the cultivation time, the osteocalcin secretion from the osteoblasts was gradually increased in all the three groups, while the secretion of type I collagen was increased first and then decreased. The secretion of osteocalcin and type I collagen in the experimental group at different time points were higher than that in normal culture and control groups. (4) Cell cycle: The osteoblasts in the three groups were normal diploid cells, no aneuploid cells appeared, and the cell DNA content was normal. The cell cycle distribution was similar in the three groups. To conclude, the domestic porous tantalum scaffolds have good biocompatibility and may promote osteoblast mineralization and osteogenesis.   中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2/fibrin gel enhances bone formation in a rabbit model of tibial distraction osteogenesis Guo Jiao-yang, Xu Lu-chen, Li Yun-feng 2018, 22 (30):  4763-4768.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0976 Abstract ( 290 )   PDF (825KB) ( 254 )   Save  BACKGROUND: Numerous reports have been made on the use of bone morphogenetic protein-2 suspended in sustained release carrier in the fracture healing and bone defect repair. However, little is reported on its effect during distraction osteogenesis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) suspended in fibrin gel on bone formation during distraction osteogenesis in rabbits. METHODS: The in vitro release kinetics of rhBMP-2 suspended in fibrin gel was tested using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Unilateral tibial lengthening 10 mm was achieved in 48 healthy New Zealand rabbits. After the completion of osteodistraction, vehicle, fibrin, rhBMP-2 or rhBMP-2 suspended in fibrin (rhBMP-2+fibrin) was injected into the center of lengthened gap in the corresponding group with 12 animals in each group. At 8 weeks after injection, distracted callus was examined by histological, Micro-CT and biomechanical tests. Radiographs of the distracted tibia were taken at both 4 and 8 weeks after injection. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Fibrin gel prolonged the life span of rhBMP-2 in vitro with a sustained release during 17 days. The rabbits undergoing treatment with rhBMP-2+fibrin gel showed the best results in radiation density and cortical bone connection by the radiological observation, in bone mineral density, bone volume fraction, and cortical bone thickness by the Micro-CT evaluation and in ultimate load by the biomechanical test when compared to other groups (P < 0.05). In histological images, rhBMP-2+fibrin treatment showed increased callus formation and better gap bridging compared to the other groups. To conclude, fibrin gel holds the promise to be a good carrier of rhBMP-2, and rhBMP-2 suspended in fibrin promotes bone formation in the rabbit model of tibial distraction osteogenesis. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

A unique built-in expandable bio-coating anterior spinal fixation: a sensitization test at the maximum sensitization dosage Huang Xue-liang, Zhu Shuang-fang, Lin Yu-cong, Zhou Chu-song 2018, 22 (30):  4769-4773.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0977 Abstract ( 333 )   PDF (686KB) ( 199 )   Save BACKGROUND: Previous experiments have proved that the unique built-in expandable bio-coating anterior spinal fixation system has good biomechanical properties, and it can reconstruct the stability of injured thoracolumbar spine. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the sensitization of the unique built-in expandable bio-coating anterior spinal fixation system. METHODS: The extraction solution of the internal fixation system was taken as experimental group, the normal saline as negative control group, and 5% formaldehyde as positive control group. Intradermal injection induction, local induction and excitation test were carried out according to the sensitization test at the maximal dosage of GB/T16886.10-2005 Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices-Part 10: Tests for Irritation and Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity. Patch was removed after 24 hours and 48 hours, and the skin conditions of the animals in each group were observed and classified according to the Magnusson and Kligman levels. Skin tissues were performed with biopsy and inflammatory observation under microscope at 72 hours after patch removal. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: First of all, there was no erythema or edema in the experimental group and negative control group at 24 and 48 hours after removal of the patch. The Magnusson and Kligman levels were 0. However, there were moderate erythema or severe erythema and edema in the positive control group, and some scabs appeared. The Magnusson and Kligman levels were 2-3. Secondly, the experimental group and negative control group showed no stimulate neutrophils, lymphocytes and other inflammatory cells in the abdominal skin of guinea pigs, and there was no obvious hyperemia and edema. The inflammation grade was I. In the positive control group, however, inflammatory cells infiltrated by neutrophils or lymphocytes were seen in the skin tissues at the ventral part of guinea pigs, with an inflammatory grade of II-IV. All the findings reveal that the all built-in expansible bio-coating anterior spinal fixation system did not cause sensitization, which accorded with the requirement of implants in the delayed hypersensitivity test. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures treated by vertebroplasty with bone cements of different viscosity Liu Yang 2018, 22 (30):  4774-4781.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0978 Abstract ( 343 )   PDF (720KB) ( 203 )   Save BACKGROUND: Vertebroplasty is one of the effective methods for minimally invasive treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Bone cement as the most commonly used filling material is disputed on its clinical effects of different viscosity. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of different viscosity bone cement vertebroplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. METHODS: One hundred and eighty-three patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture were randomly divided into four groups: percutaneous vertebroplasty with high viscosity bone cement group (group A), percutaneous vertebroplasty with low viscosity bone cement group (group B), percutaneous kyphoplasty with high viscosity bone cement group (group C), and percutaneous kyphoplasty with low viscosity bone cement group (group D). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The operative time and X-ray exposure time were longer in the two low viscosity bone cement groups than the two corresponding high viscosity bone cement groups, respectively. (2) After operation, visual analogue scale scores and disability index scores were gradually decreased in the all the groups. Compared with the group A, the visual analogue scale score and disability index score were lower in the group C; compared with group B, the visual analogue scale score and disability index score were lower in the group D. (3) After operation, the kyphosis Cobb angle was gradually reduced and the sagittal index of injured vertebrae were gradually increased in all the groups. The postoperative Cobb angle value was ranked as follows: group A > group C > group D. (4) Compared with two low viscosity bone cement groups, two high viscosity bone cement group had lower incidence of adverse events. These findings indicate that high viscosity bone cement has better safety and effectiveness in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. The clinical efficacy of percutaneous kyphoplasty with high viscosity bone cement is the best among the four systems. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Encapsulation of bone grafts using osteoinduction membrane, wire mesh or titanium mesh for repair of large-segmental bone defects Han Xiao-fei, Liu Yu, Xu Ke-lin, Zhou Zi-hong, Gu San-jun, Yin Qu-dong 2018, 22 (30):  4782-4787.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0979 Abstract ( 458 )   PDF (726KB) ( 191 )   Save BACKGROUND: Encapsulated bone graft is considered suitable for the treatment of large-segmental bone defects, but a large volume of autogenous cancellous bone tissues is needed and how to harvest cancellous bone is still an issue of clinical research. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of encapsulated bone graft by united procurement for repair of large-segmental bone defects. METHODS: Clinical data from 21 cases of large-segmental bone defects treated with encapsulated autologous bone grafts were retrospectively analyzed. There were 15 males and 6 females, aged 15-69 years. Rich cancellous bone was harvested from the posterior iliac, proximal tibia or anterior iliac. Encapsulation of bone grafts using osteoinduction membrane, titanium mesh and wire mesh was conducted in 9, 7, and 5 cases, respectively. Bone healing, functional recovery of affected limbs, range of motion of adjacent joints and complications were observed during follow-up period. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: During the follow-up of 12-51 months, the average time for bone healing was 6 months for encapsulation using osteoinduction membrane, 6.29 months for encapsulation using titanium mesh, and 6.6 months for encapsulation using wire mesh. At the last follow-up, bone healing was excellent in 20 cases and good in 1 case; the functional recovery of the affected limb was excellent in 7 cases, good in 9 cases, fair in 4 cases and poor in 1 case, with the excellent and good rate of 76%. The range of motion of adjacent joints was excellent in 8 cases, good in 9 cases, fair in 3 cases and poor in 1 case, with the excellent and good rate of 81%. Complications in grafting sites were noted in 4 cases, and complications in harvesting sites were noted in 3 cases. These findings indicate that united harvesting of bone tissues can meet the requirement for a large volume of autogenous cancellous bone in the repair of large-segmental bone defects. Encapsulated bone graft has high healing rate, fast healing as well as few complications. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with concurrent and non-concurrent use of zoledronic acid in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a 1-year follow-up comparison Li Ji, Zhao Wei-biao, He Zi-wei, Li Yi 2018, 22 (30):  4788-4793.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0980 Abstract ( 322 )   PDF (738KB) ( 167 )   Save BACKGROUND: For osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, bone cement injection alone cannot effectively relieve osteoporosis. Therefore, anti-osteoporosis treatment is necessary, and the timing for anti-osteoporosis treatment is still pending. OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical outcomes of percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with concurrent and non-concurrent use of zoledronic acid in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures based on a 1-year follow-up visit. METHODS: Sixty patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were enrolled, 30 cases in group A who were treated with vertebroplasty combined with zoledronic acid, while the other 30 cases in group B who were treated with vertebroplasty and given zoledronic acid Injection at 1 month after vertebroplasty. Both groups were given calcium preparation and vitamin D treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Vertebral height and Cobb angle in the two groups were significantly improved after treatment compared with the baseline. Visual Analogue Scale scores and Oswestry disability index were reduced in the two groups after treatment compared with the baseline. Increased bone mineral density of the hip, reduced levels of serum procollagen type I carboxy-terminal extension peptide (PINP) and β-C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX), and increased 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) were also found in the two groups after treatment compared with the baseline. However, there was no significant difference in the serum level of parathyroid hormone before and after treatment. Compared with the non-concurrent group, the concurrent groups had lower scores on the Visual Analogue Scale scores and Oswestry disability index at 1 month and 1 year after treatment, higher bone mineral density of the hip, lower levels of PINP and β-CTX, and higher level of 25OHD at 1 year after treatment. These findings indicate that percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with concurrent zoledronic acid can effectively treat osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, restore vertebral height, relieve pain, elevate bone mineral density and improve bone metabolism, which is a method available for clinical use. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Complications of skull repair with autologous and artificial bone grafts Li Jian-ping, Yang Lin, Qin Yi, Jiang Zhen-dong, Lu Wei 2018, 22 (30):  4794-4799.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0970 Abstract ( 388 )   PDF (620KB) ( 214 )   Save BACKGROUND: There are less domestic reports on the best timing for skull repair and the complications caused by different skull transplantation materials. OBJECTIVE: To compare the impact of autologous bone grafts and artificial bone grafts on the complications of skull repair. METHODS: Sixty-two patients undergoing skull repair, 40 males and 20 females, aged (48.4±10.3) years, were included. According to different graft materials, the patients were divided into autologous bone graft group (n=12), bioactive FRC group (bioactive glass fiber reinforced composite, n=12), hydroxyapatite group (n=20) and the group of other materials (including polyetheretherketone, polymethylmethacrylate, polyethylene and titanium materials, n=18). Patients were followed for 1, 6, 12 postoperative months, and the incidence of postoperative complications was compared between groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) As regards the time interval from craniotomy to skull repair, in each group, there was no difference in the incidence rate of complications between the time interval of less than 3 months and of more than 3 months, while among the four groups, there was no difference in complication rates with the time interval of less than 3 months. The complication rate with the time interval of more than 3 months in the autologous bone graft group was higher than that in the bioactive FRC group, and there was no difference between other groups. (2) Among the four groups, there were no differences in the incidence rate of secondary complications (conservative treatment was needed after surgery) and major complications (secondary surgical repair was required) after normal healing of 1 and 6 months and the incidence rate of secondary complications after normal healing of 12 months. The incidence rate of major complications at 12 months after skull repair in the autologous bone graft group and other materials group was higher than that in the bioactive FRC group (P < 0.05), and there was no difference between other groups. Overall, our findings reveal that the incidence rate of long-term complications is lowered after skull repair with bioactive bioactive glass fiber reinforced composite, and therefore, this material may have better application prospect. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Hydrophilic and mechanical properties of 3D printed polylactic levodopa as alternative material for bone regeneration Zheng Chen, Wang Ming-xiao, Liu Bo, Zhang Li-ju, Zhang Na, Wang Yu-guang, Wang Zhi-qiang 2018, 22 (30):  4800-4805.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0981 Abstract ( 382 )   PDF (773KB) ( 280 )   Save BACKGROUND: There are some disadvantages in traditional polylactic organic polymer materials such as poor cell compatibility and insufficient mechanical strength. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of 3D printed polylactic levodopa composites. METHODS: Polylactic scaffold materials were prepared by 3D printing technology (blank group); surface modifications (experimental group) and solute-free modifications (control group) were performed on the surface of polylactic scaffolds by solvent condensation and freeze drying volatilization method. In present study, the hydrophilic angle, compression strength, bending strength, and wear resistance of the above three groups were examined. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The hydrophilic angles of the blank group, the experimental group and the control group were (89±5)°, (36±2)°, and (87±4)°, respectively, which was significantly less in the experimental group than the other two groups (P < 0.05). (2) The maximum compressive strengths of the blank group, the experimental group, and the control group were 142.3 N, 149.4 N, and 140.6 N, respectively, which was significantly higher in the experimental group than the other two groups (P < 0.05). (3) The maximum bending resistance of the blank group, the experimental group, and the control group were 55.8 N, 95.7 N, and 56.7 N, respectively, which was significantly higher in the experimental group than the other two groups (P < 0.05). (4) Within 3 minutes, the friction coefficient and the wear volume of the experimental group were the smallest among the three groups; after 6 minutes, there was no significant difference in the friction coefficients among the three groups. The above results reveal that polylactic levodopa composites have excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Osteogenic effects of heterogeneous dentin particles in conjunction with bone marrow concentrate in the maxillary sinus lift Cui Ting-ting, Qiu Ze-wen, Shao Yang, Zhong Wei-jian 2018, 22 (30):  4806-4811.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0947 Abstract ( 312 )   PDF (723KB) ( 322 )   Save  BACKGROUND: Autologous bone and dentin can be used as bone grafting materials for bone regeneration and reconstruction, but it is unclear whether heterogeneous dentin particles can be processed as bone substitutes to facilitate the bone regeneration. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of undemineralized heterogeneous dentin particles to be used as bone grafting materials, and to compare the effects of bone marrow concentrate and platelet-rich fibrin on bone regeneration in combination with dentin particles. METHODS: The extracted human teeth were harvested and prepared to be dentin particles for bone grafting through cleaning, crushing, boiling, degreasing and disinfection. Twelve healthy male Beagle dogs, 1 year of age, were selected to create the animal models of bilateral maxillary sinus lift and were then randomly divided into three groups. The maxillary sinus surgery was performed on both sides of each dog. In group A, only implantation of heterogeneous dentine particles was given; in group B, implantation of the mixture of rich platelet fibrin and heterogeneous dentine particles was performed; and in group C, the mixture of bone marrow concentrate and heterogeneous dentine particles was implanted. The specimens from each animal were harvested after 3 months of implantation. Gross observation, X-ray examination and histological analysis were used to evaluate bone regeneration effects. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: No inflammatory signs were found in the bone grafting areas of each group. X-ray results showed that dentin particles with high density were detected in the bone graft area of group A, with the clear boundary with the adjacent bone tissue. However, lower density and unclear border of the graft area were detected in the groups B and C. Histological observation revealed that there was less new bone formation with a few multinucleated macrophages around the dentin particles in group A, while in groups B and C, dentin particles with worm-eaten shape was visible, and there was more new bone formation with regular trabecular alignment. The new bone formation rates were (13.61±8.57)%, (32.28±4.85)% and (36.85±9.70)% in group A, group B and group C, respectively. Significantly higher new bone formation rate was found in groups B and C than group A (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between group B and group C. Experimental findings show that the undemineralized heterogeneous dentin particles possess good biocompatibility and bone conduction capacity. In combination with bone marrow concentrate and platelet-rich fibrin, the new bone formation around the grafted dentin granules can be effectively promoted. Moreover, bone marrow concentrates have a slightly better effect than platelet-rich fibrin. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

A three-dimensional nano-scaffold carrying antibiotics for large-segmental bone defects Ye Peng, Huang Wen-liang, Deng Jiang, Deng Chong-di, Zhang Tian-xi, Yu An-yong, Yu Bin 2018, 22 (30):  4812-4817.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0966 Abstract ( 373 )   PDF (832KB) ( 220 )   Save BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that a three-dimensional nano-scaffold with mechanical performance can be prepared using silk fibroin (SF), chitosan (CS), and nanohydroxyapatite (n-HA). OBJECTIVE: To explore the anti-infection and repair ability of the SF/CS/n-HA three-dimensional scaffold loaded with levofloxacin for the treatment of open long bone defects. METHODS: Thirty-six New Zealand white rabbits were randomized into three groups (n=12 per group). An animal model of 2.0 cm bone defect in the right middle humerus was made in each rabbit, followed by implantation of SF/CS/n-HA three-dimensional scaffold loaded with levofloxacin in experimental group, three-dimensional nano-scaffold in control group and nothing in blank control group. X-ray and histological observations of the bone defect region were performed at 4 months after implantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) No infection or suppuration occurred in the experimental group at 1 month after implantation, but inflammatory reactions and even death happened in the control and blank control groups. (2) In the experimental group, imaging findings of the defected long bone showed no distinct difference from the normal bone tissues at 4 months after implantation. The scaffold in the experimental group was completely replaced by normal bone tissue accompanied by the recanalization of the bone marrow cavity. The control group showed bone callus growth, but the bone density was lower than that in the experimental group, and moreover, there was no recanalization of the medullary cavity. The blank control group exhibited closed ends of the scaffold, terminated growth of bone tissue, and fracture nonunion. (3) Hematoxylin-eosin staining results revealed that: in the experimental group, osteoblasts in the matrix arranged in clusters with good cell morphology; in the control group, there were bone cells, bone matrix, and new capillaries, and the medullary cavity of the fractured bone achieved recanalization; in the blank group, fibrous connective tissues and muscle fiber tissues were seen. The histological Lane-Sandhu score in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control and blank groups (P < 0.05). Overall findings suggest that the SF/CS/n-HA three-dimensional scaffold loaded with antibiotics is an excellent bone scaffold with good anti-infection and osteoinduction. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Three-dimensional finite element analysis of implant denture for anterior tooth missing with different arch shapes Wang Zhong-da, Wang Yi-bo, Ding Chao, Shi Jiu-hui 2018, 22 (30):  4818-4823.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0982 Abstract ( 466 )   PDF (824KB) ( 180 )   Save BACKGROUND: The difference of dental arch shape mainly refers to different anterior tooth arrangement, and the shape of dental arch has a certain influence on the peri-implant stress distribution. Current three-dimensional finite element analysis for implant-supported denture mainly focuses on the same dental arch shape, and little is reported on the biomechanical difference of different dental arch shapes. OBJECTIVE: To compare the biomechanical behaviors of implant-supported fixed partial denture with square, oval and tapered arch shapes using the method of three-dimensional finite element analysis. METHODS: Based on the Cone-beam CT data of the human jaw, three kinds of models of implant-supported fixed partial denture and the surrounding bone were established. The force of 300 N (100 N of incisor, lateral incisor or canine crown) was applied to the fixed bridges at an angle of 45o alone the long axis of the tooth from labial side to lingual side to evaluate the Von-Mises stress distribution of cortical bone and cancellous bone and the displacement of implant-abutment complex. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The Max EQV stress in the cortical bone and cancellous bone around the implant in the three models were ranked as tapered model > oval model > square model, and the Max displacement of the implant-abutment complex in the three models were ranked as tapered model > oval model > square model. Overall findings indicate that the square arch shape shows lower stress and better stress distribution than the other two arch shapes. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The drug loading capacity and controlled drug release property of beta-tricalcium phosphate/rifampicin drug delivery systems constructed by different solution adsorption methods Sun Wei, Xue Cheng, Tang Xian-ye, Yuan Feng, Guo Kai-jin, Zhang Dong, Yuan Jun-jie, Xie You-zhuan 2018, 22 (30):  4824-4828.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0983 Abstract ( 376 )   PDF (692KB) ( 159 )   Save BACKGROUND: The drug delivery systems are commonly constructed by vacuum adsorption (VA), dynamic adsorption (DA) and static adsorption. Up to now, there is still no published studies that systematically evaluate the drug loading capacity and controlled drug release property of porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds loading rifampicin (RFP) constructed by these three solution adsorption methods. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the drug loading capacity and controlled drug release property of porous β-TCP scaffolds loading RFP constructed by these three solution adsorption methods. METHODS: The β-TCP/RFP drug delivery systems were constructed by VA, DA and SA, respectively. The mechanical strength of β-TCP, drug loading capacity and controlled drug release property of the three different drug delivery systems were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There were no differences in the mechanical strength of β-TCP from VA-DDS, DA-DDS and SA-DDS  (P > 0.05). The mechanical strength of β-TCP in three DDS groups was not significantly different from that of unloading β-TCP (P > 0.05). (2) The in vitro drug loading testing indicated that the unit mass of RFP in VA-DDS [(1.02±0.16) mg/g] was significantly higher than that in SA-DDS [(0.79±0.12) mg/g] or DA-DDS [(0.89±0.13) mg/g] (P < 0.05). (3) The in vitro release study showed an initial burst release of RFP in the three different DDSs within the first 12 hours and after 84 hours. At 84 hours, the cumulative release of RFP from VA-DDS, DA-DDS and SA-DDS was up to (66.82±5.16)%, (79.49±3.50)% and (91.30±5.86%), respectively (P < 0.05). Complete RFP release was observed at 21.5, 17.5 and 14.5 days in VA-DDS, DA-DDS and SA-DDS, respectively (P < 0.05). As the VA-DDS shows highest RFP loading capacity and most sustained drug release, VA is recommended for the construction of porous β-TCP/RFP drug delivery systems. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Polyglycolic acid-islet compound transplantation into rat leg muscles as diabetes treatment Xie Wan-jun, Wei Zheng, Song Chun 2018, 22 (30):  4829-4834.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0984 Abstract ( 424 )   PDF (686KB) ( 203 )   Save  BACKGROUND: Islet transplantation is an effective method for diabetes treatment. Using biomedical engineering technology to introduce biomaterials into islet transplantation can maintain the vitality of islet and improve the efficiency of transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To transplant the cultured polyglycolic acid (PGA)-islet into the muscle of diabetic recipient rats and to observe the effect of PGA-islet in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. METHODS: A diabetic model was established in 18 Wistar rats by the method of intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, and the model rats were randomly assigned into three groups. In the control group, normal saline was injected into the muscle of the rat leg. In the experimental group 1, allogeneic islet cells were intramuscularly injected into the rat leg. In the experimental group 2, PGA-allogeneic islet cell graft was intramuscularly injected into the rat leg. At 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days after transplantation, blood glucose and serum insulin levels were detected in each rat. At 14 and 30 days after transplantation, graft specimens were taken from the experimental groups and observed by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) At 3 and 7 days after transplantation, the blood glucose levels in the two experimental groups were significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05), while the serum insulin levels in the two experimental groups were significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Compared with the experimental group 1, the blood glucose level in the experimental group 2 was significantly lower at 14, 21 and 30 days after transplantation, while the serum insulin level in the experimental group 2 was significantly higher at each time point after transplantation (P < 0.05). Under the scanning electron microscope, in the experimental groups, plenty of well-formed islet cells were adhered to the PGA fiber scaffold at 14 days after transplantation; a visible network of extracellular matrix with fine fibers formed in islet cells; and a small number of red blood cells were visible around the islet cells. With the extension of embedded time, PGA fiber scaffolds began to degrade and crack. Long fibers degraded into short fibers, and after 30 days, the scaffold layer was broken into pieces finally. All these findings indicate that the transplantation of PGA-islet can effectively reduce the blood glucose level and increase the serum insulin level in diabetic rats. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of target controlled infusion of propofol on perioperative hemodynamics and awakening period in elderly patients Liu Xia, Wang Wen-juan, Wu Xue-mei, Xie Hong 2018, 22 (30):  4835-4840.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0971 Abstract ( 346 )   PDF (671KB) ( 365 )   Save BACKGROUND: Clinical use of plasma or target controlled infusion for anesthesia induction may lead to hysteresis and over-shoot, resulting in hemodynamic changes of the circulatory system in patients. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of different target controlled infusions of propofol on the perioperative hemodynamics and awakening period of the elderly patients. METHODS: Ninety-two elderly patients scheduled for abdominal surgeries were randomly divided into four groups for induction of anesthesia, 23 cases in each group: group I of plasma target controlled infusion of propofol, group II of effect-compartment target controlled infusion of propofol, group III of gradient plasma target controlled infusion of propofol, and group IV of gradient effect-compartment target controlled infusion of propofol. Hemodynamic indexes (cardiac index, mean arterial pressure, heart rate changes) were compared among four groups before anesthesia induction, after anesthesia induction but before intubation, during intubation, immediately after endotracheal intubation and 5 minutes after intubation. After termination of anesthesia, the situation of patients in awakening period, including breathing recovery time, the time to open eyes on verbal command, extubation time, restlessness, and the Observer’s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (OAAS) score, was observed before anesthesia induction and 6, 24, 48 hours after surgery. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scoring was used for cognitive function assessment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Cardiac indexes and mean arterial pressure in the four groups were significantly decreased before intubation compared with before anesthesia induction, while the heart rate increased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with the other groups, the decreased amplitude in the cardiac index and mean arterial pressure were significantly lower in the group IV (P < 0.05), and the heart rate was also lower (P < 0.05) before intubation. There were no significant differences among the four groups during intubation, immediately after endotracheal intubation and 5 minutes after intubation. (2) The breathing recovery time, the time to open eyes on verbal command and extubation time were significantly shorter in the group IV than the other groups (P < 0.05), and restlessness and OAAS scores were also lower than the other groups (P < 0.05). (3) The MMSE score in each group was decreased after surgery compared with before anesthesia induction. Moreover, the MMSE score in the group IV was higher than that the other groups at 6 and 24 hours after surgery (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that the gradient effect-compartment target controlled infusion of propofol is preferred in the elderly patients, which has no influence on anesthesia effect, and can reduce the impact on the circulatory system and fasten recovery from anesthesia. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

An overview of patented technology for fully-degradable polylactic acid stents Yang Jin-hui, Yu Qun, Zhao Jie 2018, 22 (30):  4841-4848.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0965 Abstract ( 385 )   PDF (948KB) ( 174 )   Save BACKGROUND: Research on patented technology contributes to understanding the development and key technology of the related field, and enhances the ability to grasp the technological developments in this field. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the patent application situation and technical development route in the field of fully-degradable polylactic acid stents. METHODS: We searched the patent applications for fully-degradable polylactic acid stents all over the world, and analyzed relevant information in the following aspects: annual application quantity, the distribution of the main applicants, the branches of the patent technology, the analysis of the important applicants. Afterwards, we focused on the blending modification of polylactic acid stents, and analyzed its core patents and the development of patented technology. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The fully-degradable polylactic acid stent is the focus direction of current research in the field of vascular stents. Materials, technique and structural design are the main aspects for patent applications in this field. Among them, the application for improvement of materials is the most frequently conducted, which is the earliest branch of technology in this field. In terms of technical requirements, improving the mechanical properties of scaffolds, controlling the degradation rate of stents, and improving the controlled release of drugs are the main concerns. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Current situation and development progress of vascular grafts Yan Tuo, Liu Ya-wen, Wu Can, Zhou Feng, Liu Si-shi, Liu Yuan, Ouyang Chen-xi 2018, 22 (30):  4849-4854.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0985 Abstract ( 609 )   PDF (731KB) ( 596 )   Save BACKGROUND: As one of the most important therapeutic methods of vascular diseases, vascular grafts, especially small-diameter vascular grafts (inner diameter ≤ 4 mm), have become trends of research. OBJECTIVE: To review the states of commercial vascular grafts, and further introduce the research hotspot area and new technology development of vascular grafts. METHODS: A computer retrieval of CNKI, ScienceDirect, Web of Science and Springerlink databases was performed with “vascular graft, vascular pro-tissue engineering” as key words for relevant articles published from 2000 to 2018. Initially, 150 articles were retrieved, and finally 52 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The commercial vascular grafts are mainly made of animal-derived acellular matrix, natural materials and polymer materials. For improving the clinical performance, new technologies, including bio-coatings, electrospinning and tissue engineering have been explored in the research of vascular grafts, which are considered as big advantages for antithrombus, anti-histogenesis and anti-inflammation as well as increasing long-term patency rate.   中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Hydroxyapatite ceramics in bone tissue engineering: research and extensive applications Mao Wen-wen, Ru Jiang-ying 2018, 22 (30):  4855-4863.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0946 Abstract ( 420 )   PDF (869KB) ( 312 )   Save BACKGROUND: Hydroxyapatite ceramics have very similar structure and chemical composition to the normal human bone tissue, and also have good osteoinductive activity, osteoconductive activity and biocompatibility, which have become one of the appropriate scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the preparation methods and structural characteristics of hydroxyapatite ceramics as well as their mechanisms of action and clinical applications as bone substitutes. METHODS: A computer-based search of PubMed database was performed for relevant articles published from 2015 to 2017 using the keywords of “bioceramics, hydroxylapatite, calcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate, bone tissue engineering”. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hydroxyapatite belongs to the hexagonal system and it is the main component of inorganic components that make up natural bone tissues. Among them, Ca2+, PO43- and OH- presenting with hexagonal arrangement are easy to be replaced by a variety of cations and anions. Consequently, hydroxyapatites show some changes in mechanical strength, dissolution rate, and biocompatibility. The preparation of hydroxyapatite ceramic materials is divided into wet and dry methods. Based on actual needs, various preparation methods with different advantages and disadvantages are usually combined. In addition, the pore structure of hydroxyapatite ceramics is conducive to the transport of essential components of nutrients and bone growth as well as the elimination of cellular metabolic waste. These tiny pores can cause a high degree of adsorption and accumulation of various endogenous bone growth factors on the inner pore surface, to stimulate the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and further promote the osteoinductive activity. Although bioceramic materials have been clinically used as coatings for implants, carriers for sustained release drugs, and bone graft substitute materials in recent year, there are still many problems and challenges in the widespread application of bioceramics. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

In vitro bioactivity of silicon-incorporated titanium dioxide nanotubes Zhang Xian-jun, Zhao Xi-jiang 2018, 22 (30):  4864-4869.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0986 Abstract ( 347 )   PDF (821KB) ( 203 )   Save BACKGROUND: Titanium alloy has been used as an implantable biomaterial for a long time. The contact area between the material surface and bone can be improved by the preparation of TiO2 nanotube film on the surface of titanium alloys. However, further research is warranted to improve the bioactivity of silicon on the surface of the nanotube. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of silicon-incorporated TiO2 nanotubes on the bioactivity of MC3T3-E1 cells in vitro and to provide experimental evidence for the biochemical modification of titanium. METHODS: Silicon-incorporated TiO2 nanotubes films on titanium surface were prepared by anodization and silicon plasma immersion ion implantation. Si-TiO2-NTs film was served as experimental group; TiO2-NTs was served as positive control group, and titanium film was used as negative control group. Field emission scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to detect the morphology and element composition of samples in three groups. MC3T3-E1 cells were seeded onto the specimen surface of these three groups. After 1, 3, 5 days of cultivation, cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation were detected. After 7 days of cultivation, cell-related gene expression was detected in each group. After 3 and 4 weeks of cultivation, calcium deposition of cultured cells on the samples was evaluated by alizarin red s staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Under the scanning electron microscope, the addition of silicon element did not change the surface morphology of the nanotube film. On the 1st day, filopodia expansion was only observed on the cells of the experimental group; on the 3rd day, the activity of the filopodia increased and began to merge; on the 5th day, the filamentous network structure increased significantly compared with the other two groups. (2) Results from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the characteristic peak of silicon element appeared in the experimental group. (2) At 1 and 3 days of culture, the number of adherent cells in the experimental and positive control groups was higher than that in the negative control group. At 5 days of culture, cell proliferation in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the other two groups (P < 0.05). (4) Real-time quantitative RT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of osteogenic related genes, type I collagen, alkaline phosphatase, Runx2, osteocalcin and osteopontin, were all higher in the experimental group than the control groups (P < 0.05). (5) Compared with the negative control group, the cells on TiO2-NTs and Si-TiO2-NTs showed an elevated calcium mineral nodule formation at 3 and 4 weeks of culture (P < 0.05). Moreover, the deposited calcium mineral on Si-TiO2-NTs exhibited a significant increase compared with the other two groups at 4 weeks of culture (P < 0.05). To conclude, TiO2 nanotube layer can be loaded with silicon ions by plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition method and has good osteogenic activity.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Antibacterial properties of titanium oxide coating with silver ions Li Gen, Song Hui, Wang Yi-han, Zhao Wen-bo, Dai Ying, Guo Yinghuimin, Dong Yu-qi, Zhang Chao 2018, 22 (30):  4870-4875.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0988 Abstract ( 328 )   PDF (826KB) ( 219 )   Save BACKGROUND: Silver nanoparticle is a potential coating material with resistance ability to infection. Using the ion implantation method, we can make silver nanoparticles tightly connect with the base material, and meanwhile effectively control the content of silver nanoparticles. Titanium oxide coating has good biocompatibility, which is a good choice for the preparation of internal fixation materials. But the in vivo antibacterial activity of titanium oxide coating with silver ions is rarely reported, and the relationship between the content of silver nanoparticles and the antibacterial activity is still unknown. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the antibacterial of silver plasma immersion ion implantation implants in vivo. METHODS: Forty New Zealand white rabbits were randomized into four groups, and animal models of bone marrow infection of the distal femur were made in all the rabbits. Model rabbits were subjected to the implantation of titanium rob in control group, implantation of titanium oxide-coated implants in experimental group, implantation of implants covered with titanium oxide coating with low concentration of silver ions in low concentration group, and implantation of implants covered with titanium oxide coating with high concentration of silver ions in high concentration group. We assessed the antibacterial activities of the implants by blood test, radiographic observation and bacteriological methods thereafter. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) After modeling, the body temperature in all the animals increased to different extents, and the body weight decreased, and gradually recovered at 14-21 days after modeling. (2) At 7, 14, 21, 28 days after modeling, white blood cell count and C-reactive protein level in the titanium rod group and titanium oxide group were significantly higher than those in the low and high concentration groups (P < 0.05). At 7 days after modeling, the percentage of neutrophils in the titanium oxide group was significantly higher than that in the low and high concentration groups (P < 0.05). At 14, 21, 28 days after modeling, the percentage of neutrophils in the titanium rod group and the titanium oxide group was significantly higher than that in the low and high concentration groups (P < 0.01). (3) At 14 and 28 days after modeling, the Norden scores in the low and high concentration groups were significantly lower than those in the titanium rod group and the titanium oxide group (P < 0.05). (4) The number of bacterial colonies in the titanium rod group and titanium oxide groups was significantly higher than that in the low and high concentration groups (P < 0.01), while the bacterial colony count in the low concentration group was significantly higher than that in the high concentration group (P < 0.01). Findings from the present study reveal that the titanium oxide-coated implant with silver ions is an antibacterial implant, and its antibacterial property is closely related to the concentration of silver ions, that is, a higher concentration of silver ions indicates stronger antibacterial property. Therefore, the use of titanium oxide coating with silver ions may provide an effective solution for implant-related infections. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Safety and effectiveness of a biodegradable magnesium alloy fixation system in animals Liu Tian-jia, Gu Shuo, Zhou Lu, Zhong Jia-fei, Yuan Guang-yin 2018, 22 (30):  4876-4881.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0987 Abstract ( 374 )   PDF (745KB) ( 235 )   Save BACKGROUND: Biosecurity of new biodegradable magnesium alloys has been confirmed, but there is no report on the use of magnesium alloy fixation system fixation systems. OBJECTIVE: To make a preliminary research on the safety and effectiveness of the new biodegradable magnesium alloy fixation system in healthy New Zealand white rabbits in vivo. METHODS: Thirty healthy New Zealand rabbits were randomized into experimental group in which the biodegradable magnesium alloy fixation system implantation model was established in each animal and control group in which no intervention was performed. Blood routine, hepatic and renal functions, coagulation functions and serum magnesium level were detected at 14, 30, 90, and 180 days after operation. B-ultrasound, CT scanning and operative field exposure were carried out to observe the absorption of fixation system and the impact of gas production at 180 days after operation. Muscle tissues, cranial bones, duramater and brain tissues around the fixation system and the corresponding parts in control group were taken at the same time for pathological observation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There was no statistical difference between the two groups regarding the number of white blood cells and platelets, and levels of hemoglobin, blood urea nitrogen, alanine aminotransferase and serum magnesium at different time points after operation and all indicators maintained in a relatively stable state. (2) The results of cranial B-ultrasound showed the fixation system degraded gradually and no significant gas accumulated around it. CT scanning and operative field exposure revealed nearly 50% of the fixation system degraded at 180 days after operation, and the man-made cranial suture healed naturally. (3) Histological observation showed the JDBM fixation system did not cause the significant pathological changes and inflammatory reactions of surrounding tissues. These findings suggest that the histocompatibility of JDBM is ideal and the fixation system is safe and effective after implantation. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Functional metal ions-containing bioactive glass: characteristics, functions and applications Wang Qing, Wang De-ping, Huang Wen-chan2, Jia Wei-tao 2018, 22 (30):  4882-4887.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0989 Abstract ( 439 )   PDF (676KB) ( 209 )   Save BACKGROUND: Bioactive glass is biocompatible, osteoconductive and osteoinductive. Therefore, bioactive glass has great potential in the treatment of bone defects. OBJECTIVE: To carry out a series of researches on the combination of bioactive glass and metal elements so as to maximize the development and utilization of bioactive glasses and to boost the development of local precision treatments. METHODS: By retrieval of WanFang, CNKI, PubMed databases, literatures on functional bioactive glass were obtained, in which studies addressing the further functional enhancement of bioactive glass in combination with metal ions were screened out. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Current bioactive glass can be combined with a variety of functional metal ions, thereby endowing it with antibacterial, pro-angiogenic, and magnetocaloric functions. Moreover, this review prospects the application of functional bioactive glass in orthopedics.   中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Mechanisms of staurosporine intervention in tissue-engineered self-assembly construct contraction of the temporomandibular joint disc Luo Yin-yue, Li Hong-yan, Bao Guang-jie, Kang Hong 2018, 22 (30):  4888-4893.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0990 Abstract ( 355 )   PDF (766KB) ( 164 )   Save BACKGROUND: The mechanism of construct contraction in the process of self-assembly of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc cells is still unknown. Some studies have suggested that it may be related to the contractile effect of cytoskeleton actin. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of staurosporine on actin and extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism of TMJ disc cells in vitro and to elucidate the possible mechanism underlying the self-assembly construct contraction. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI database (2000-2018) were retrieved by the first author with the key words of “staurosporine, temporomandibular joint disc tissue engineering, chondrocyte tissue engineering, self-assembly” in English and Chinese, respectively, to search relevant articles about the use of staurosporine in the tissue engineering of temporomandibular joint disc. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Possible contraction causes of TMJ cell self-assembly construct include: contraction of articular disc cells in vitro, differences in cell types, nutritional disorders of the construct, overexpression of actin, and reduced extracellular matrix. Staurosporine reduces the expression of actin cytoskeleton, inhibits cell contraction and up-regulates the amount of important matrix proteins, collagen, aggrecan, and cartilage oligomeric matrix proteins in the extracellular matrix, thereby suppressing the contraction of the self-assembly construct. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Antitumor properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles: further investigations is needed on its mechanism and safety He Guan-ping, Liu Xiao-guang 2018, 22 (30):  4894-4899.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0991 Abstract ( 332 )   PDF (688KB) ( 182 )   Save BACKGROUND: Owing to the selective targeting ability and excellent tumor killing capacity, zinc oxide has shown great potential in the antitumor treatment. Zinc oxide nanoparticles also show huge potential in the medicine and especially in the antitumor treatment because of selective targeting ability, excellent anti-cancer effect as well as good biocompatibility, safety and long-term efficacy. OBJECTIVE: To review the relationship between zinc oxide nanoparticles and tumors and the anti-tumor mechanism. METHODS: A computer-based online search of related papers was performed in PubMed, Elsevier (ScienceDirect) and Web of Science databases (from January 2008 to January 2018) using the key words of “(zinc oxide nanoparticles OR ZnO NPs) AND (tumor OR cancer)” in English, and in CNKI and Wanfang databases (from January 2008 to February 2018) using the key words of “zinc oxide nanoparticles, tumor” in Chinese.   RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A large number of studies have shown that zinc oxide nanoparticles have good anti-tumor properties in many tumor cell lines, and have good biocompatibility, safety, durability and selective targeting ability to kill tumor cells. The main antitumor mechanisms of zinc oxide nanoparticles are mediated through the release of zinc ions, which lead to imbalance of intracellular zinc-mediated protein, elevation of reactive oxygen species production, and result in cell apoptosis, autophagy and genetic damage, eventually contributing to tumor cell death. However, further investigations are needed on the antitumor property and safety of zinc oxide nanoparticles in vivo. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Micro-pattern technique and its application in tissue engineering Qiu Chang, Hun Ting-ting,Zhao Ying-tong, Zhao Feng, He Jing-wen, Sun Yan 2018, 22 (30):  4900-4905.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0934 Abstract ( 500 )   PDF (716KB) ( 208 )   Save  BACKGROUND: With the constant innovation and development of micro-pattern technology, it has also been applied widely in cell biology, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, which provides new impetus for the construction of artificial tissues in vitro. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the classification, characteristics and application of micro-pattern technique in tissue engineering. METHODS: The authors performed a data retrieval of PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI to search the articles addressing micro-pattern technique and its application in tissue engineering published from 2001 to 2017, and reviewed the literatures systematically. The keywords were “micro-pattern technique, tissue engineering” in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Using the micro-pattern technique, patterned cell alignment is formed to control the shape of stem cells, and regulate stem cell fusion and differentiation. Moreover, artificial tissue engineering products have been developed and used as tissue substitutes for bone tissue engineering, muscle tissue engineering, vascular tissue engineering, nerve tissue engineering and liver tissue engineering. However, cell biology mechanisms and internal mechanisms underlying the use of micro-pattern technique in the artificial tissue construction need to be further explored and elucidated. For example, future investigations are warranted on how to construct artificial muscle tissue using the micro-pattern technique, how to purify Schwann cells, as well as the development and innovation of micro-pattern technique in vascular and liver tissue engineering research. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Review on three-dimensional printing in the biomedical field Ju Er-nan, Wu Li, Li Xin-xin, Guan Tian-min, Chen Yong, Du Yu-huan 2018, 22 (30):  4906-4912.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0992 Abstract ( 281 )   PDF (1766KB) ( 248 )   Save BACKGROUND: With the development of life sciences and manufacturing science, the application of three-dimensional (3D) printing in the medical field has become increasingly widespread. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the level of application of 3D printing technology in the medical field, and to discuss the trends and constraints of 3D printing. METHODS: A computer-based retrieval of articles concerning 3D printing in the biomedical field was performed in CNKI, WanFang, Springerlink and PubMed databases. The key words were “3D printing; biomedical; tissue engineering” in Chinese or English and the retrieval time of papers was set as 2005-2017. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At present, the 3D printing technologies applied in the medical field mainly include stereolithography, selective laser sintering, fused deposition manufacturing, and 3D bioprinting. Different printing technologies have different application scopes. According to the biological properties of molding materials, the biological printing technology is divided into four levels of application: medical pre-operation model, in vivo implants, tissue engineering scaffolds, and cell structures. The printing procedures consist of pre-processing, printing processes, and post-processing. Existing biological manufacturing technologies are able to realize the precise positioning of components in the 3D space. Further investigation will focus on the balance of printing characteristics and biological characteristics of the materials and the fusion of multi-materials. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

A meta-analysis of repair materials used in cranioplasty Chen Zhi-qian, Mu Xiong-zheng 2018, 22 (30):  4913-4920.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0938 Abstract ( 457 )   PDF (778KB) ( 235 )   Save BACKGROUND: With the development of tissue engineering technology, there are an increasing number of materials available for cranioplasty. However, there is still a lack of higher evidence-based research to explore the difference in postoperative complications of common materials. OBJECTIVE: To compare adverse events after cranioplasty with four commonly used materials and to present a review for the newest methods and materials for skull repair. METHODS: Relevant literatures published from January 2012 to August 2017 were extensively reviewed. We included and analyzed retrospective studies and randomized controlled trials concerning adverse events after repair with four commonly used materials, included concerning four commonly used materials, including polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK), custom-made/ intraoperative titanium mesh, and autologous bone.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Eleven eligible papers from published literatures were enrolled, containing 2 191 surgical procedures involving the four materials mentioned above. According to the outcome of Meta-analysis, postoperative complications resulting from synthetic materials are significantly less than that of autologous bone (odds ratio (OR)=0.336, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.151-0.784, P=0.008). The higher absorption of autologous bone compared with PMMA (OR=0.034, 95% CI: 0.002-0.624, P=0.023) often results in a second surgery. Intraoperative titanium mesh that causes a high rate of exposure has been gradually replaced by custom-made titanium mesh. PMMA, PEEK and custom-made titanium mesh have no statistical difference in postoperative complications. Moreover, these three kinds of artificial materials can induce less complications compared with the autologous bone that has limited use due to a high risk of absorption and limited sources. Intraoperative titanium mesh has been gradually eliminated due to the high exposure rate. Generally, the autologous bone is not the first choice for the cranioplasty, and artificial materials mentioned above can be used in combination with price and surgeon’s habits. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics