Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (19): 3103-3109.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3536

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Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in the treatment of myocardial infarction: problems, crux and new breakthrough

Sun Weixing, Zhao Yongchao, Zhao Ranzun   

  1. Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2020-05-29 Revised:2020-06-11 Accepted:2020-07-23 Online:2021-07-09 Published:2021-01-14
  • Contact: Zhao Ranzun, MD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Sun Weixing, Associate chief physician, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. NSFC81660049 (to ZRZ)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Myocardial infarction is a serious threat to human health, and existing curative treatments are limited. The development of stem cell biology and tissue engineering has shed light on the treatment of myocardial infarction.
OBJECTIVE: We intended to review the biological characteristics, effectiveness of treatment, number, route, timing and mechanism of action of transplanted cells, and to provide a theoretical reference to promote translation and application of stem cell transplantation in the treatment of myocardial infarction.
METHODS: Key words were “mesenchymal stem cells, stem cells, biological characteristics, differentiation, proliferation, immunomodulation, homing, paracrine, miocardial infarction, transplantation, RNA methylation” in English and Chinese. We mainly searched similar reviews published from 2016 to 2020, especially in recent 3 years, through CNKI and PubMed. The repeated and irrelevant literature was removed. Finally, 53 articles were included for review.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Successful advances have been made in the prevention and treatment of myocardial infarction, such as the differentiation into myocardium, immune regulation, homing, and therapeutic mechanism. However, controversies still exists, such as the effectiveness of transplantation therapy, the number of cells required for transplantation, as well as the route and timing, which limited the development of stem cell transplantation. Recently, with the deepening of epigenetic research, RNA methylation is expected to achieve a new breakthrough in the treatment of myocardial infarction by stem cell transplantation. 


Key words: stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, stem cell transplantation, myocardial infarction, tissue engineering, methylation modification, review

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