Effect of cancellous bone on the biomechanics of osteoporotic femoral head fracture under dynamic loading: a finite element analysis

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1091

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The finite element model of hip fracture is simplified into a solid, linear or nonlinear isotropic material. The finite element analysis of hip fracture is based on the stress distribution under static load to predict the location of the fracture, but the exact starting point of the fracture and the process of bone fracture are still not objectively simulated and observed.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of cancellous bone in hip fracture and the biomechanical mechanism under dynamic load.

METHODS: CT image data of a healthy volunteer’s femur were collected and imported to Mimics software to construct the three-dimensional model. The primary model was imported in Hypermesh to reconstruct a simplified solid model consisting of cortex, cancellous bone, stress trabecular and models were assigned with material property parameters. A load function was set as F=2 500 t, t ≤ 2 s (MPa), the angulation between loading and coronal plane, sagittal plane and horizontal plane was 30°, respectively. Greater trochanter and shaft were constrained. Then, the solver file was exported to LS-DYNA for calculation. The location and moment of initial crack, time-stress curves were recorded in Hyperview.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Crack extension started at the posterior of femoral neck in solid model, while at the inferior in hollow and simulation models. The initial crack of the simulation model was smaller than that of solid and hollow model. (2) The Von Mises of each model distributed on the posterolateral side of the femoral neck, and the hollow and simulation models distributed around intertrochanteric region. (3) Initial crack developed at the middle of Von Mises part in solid model, while others developed at the edge of the Von Mises part beneath the femoral neck. (4) All models simulated an impaction of fracture fragments with a wider angle in hollow and solid models. A flat fracture line extended on femoral neck in solid model, on the contrary, hollow and simulation model showed a more rough fracture line both on femoral neck and intertrochanteric region. (5) The stress maximized at the moment of the initial damage and then declined at different rates in all models; the solid one was the highest and steepest, and simulation model showed the most gentle decrease and symmetric stress of compression and tension in time-stress curves. (6) To conclude, the cancellous bone may demonstrate a synergistic effect with cortex during the hip fracture.

Key words: Femoral Fractures, Mechanical Processes, Finite Element Analysis, Tissue Engineering

CLC Number:

R445

Zheng Liqin, Lin Ziling, Li Pengfei, Chen Xinmin, Sun Wentao, He Xiangxin, Liang Ziyi, Li Musheng. Effect of cancellous bone on the biomechanics of osteoporotic femoral head fracture under dynamic loading: a finite element analysis [J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2019, 23(12): 1887-1892.

Figures/Tables 6

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