Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (34): 5528-5535.doi: 10.12307/2024.801

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Molecular mechanism of naringin in prevention and treatment of osteoporosis

Wang Wenchi1, 2, Wu Ruiqi1, 2, Huang Jierong1, 2, Zhu Lifeng1, 2, Cui Xianqin1, 2, Li Dongzong1, 2, Chen Wenhui3, Lin Chunting2, Cui wei1   

  1. 1Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 2Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China;3The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2023-11-21 Accepted:2024-01-05 Online:2024-12-08 Published:2024-03-14
  • Contact: Cui Wei, Chief physician, Professor, Master’s supervisor, Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Wang Wenchi, Master candidate, Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82360869 (to CWH); Guangxi Key Research & Development Program, No. AB20159026 (to CWH); Self-funded Scientific Research Project of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. GZC2020041(to LCT [project participant])

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that research on naringin anti-osteoporosis mostly stays in in vitro and in vivo experiments. Understanding the mechanism of related signaling pathways and the expression of related proteins and some specific genes is an important way to deeply understand naringin anti-osteoporosis. At present, traditional Chinese medicine has been confirmed to have a significant role in anti-osteoporosis. Naringin is one of the main active ingredients in Rhizoma Drynariae. Its effectiveness and mechanism of action against osteoporosis have been gradually recognized by scholars, and its clinical and basic research has been gradually emphasized.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze and summarize the research progress of naringin in anti-osteoporosis in vitro and in vivo, thereby providing some ideas for the next step to study its related mechanism of action.
METHODS: The relevant literatures included in CNKI and PubMed database were searched with the Chinese search terms of “naringin, osteoporosis, traditional Chinese medicine compound, pathogenesis, signaling pathway, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts” in Chinese and English, respectively. The corresponding criteria were established according to the research needs, and finally 69 articles were included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Naringin blocks the increase in the number of osteoclasts and adipocytes, the decrease in the number of osteocytes and osteocalcin (+) cells induced by fructose-rich diet, and promotes the secretion of Sema3A from osteoblasts and osteocytes, thereby enhancing local bone formation and inhibiting osteoclast production by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Naringin is an important way to induce autophagy of osteoblasts, but autophagy-related proteins participate in osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Lack of autophagy in osteoblasts reduces mineralization and leads to an imbalance in the number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which results in bone loss and decreased bone density. The composite scaffold loaded with naringin can be used as a necessary carrier for bone defect repair and has excellent bone repair properties. Naringin can also accelerate the growth of new bone tissue by increasing the local contents of bone morphogenetic protein 2 and vascular endothelial growth factor. Naringin can regulate bone metabolism and inhibit oxidative stress via ERK, PI3K/Akt and Wnt signaling pathways to improve osteoporosis, which can play a good role in preventing and controlling the disease. However, the depth and breadth of the relevant research is insufficient. Based on the mechanism of the current study, we should investigate the specific mechanisms by which naringin regulates different pathways and inter-pathway interactions in the future, which will be beneficial to the multifaceted development of naringin used in the treatment of osteoporosis.

Key words: naringin, herbal monomer, pathogenesis, osteogenic differentiation, osteoporosis, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell, osteoblast, osteoclast, signaling pathway, review

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