Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (17): 2716-2722.doi: 10.12307/2023.404

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Piezo1-mediated mechanical stress stimulation in anti-osteoporosis treatment

Huang Haoran1, Wei Yangwenxiang1, Zhang Jiahao1, Mo Liang1, Liu Yuhao2, Chen Zhenqiu2, Wang Haibin2, Zhou Chi2   

  1. 1First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; 2First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2022-06-09 Accepted:2022-07-06 Online:2023-06-18 Published:2022-10-25
  • Contact: Zhou Chi, MD, Associate chief physician, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Huang Haoran, Master candidate, First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2021, No. 82074462 (to WHB) and 82104883 (to LYH); Guangdong Province General Universities Characteristic Innovation Project in 2021, No. 2021KTSCX021 (to ZC); Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project, No. 202102020930 (to LYH); “Double First-Class” and High-Level University Discipline Collaborative Innovation Team Project of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 2021xk46 (to CZQ)

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Abstract: BACKGROUND: Piezo1 is a mechanosensitive channel that acts as an important target protein for mechanical stress stimulation. Piezo1 converts external mechanical forces into biological signals, regulating bone formation and bone resorption. Piezo1 plays an important role in anti-osteoporosis.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the mechanism of mechanical stress stimulation in anti-osteoporosis and research progress in Piezo1 molecular biology as well as the use of Piezo1 in the treatment of osteoporosis.
METHODS: Relevant literature was retrieved in CNKI, WanFang, VIP, PubMed, and Web of Science databases using computers. The search terms were “osteoporosis, Piezo1, mechanical, osteoblast, osteoclast, chondrocyte, bone” in Chinese and English. Finally, 65 documents were included for review according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The structure of Piezo1 has been continuously analyzed in the breakthrough of cryo-electron microscopy. Based on a three-bladed propeller 3D structure, Piezo1 exhibits different structural changes under silent and stressful states. Piezo1-mediated mechanical stress stimulation can affect bone formation by regulating the functions of osteoblasts, chondrocytes, endothelial cells and intestinal cells, and simultaneously affect bone resorption by regulating the function of osteoclasts, thereby playing an important role in anti-osteoporosis. Piezo1-mediated mechanical stress mainly affects bone formation by regulating the function of osteoblasts through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. And it has a two-way regulatory effect on osteoclasts due to different type, strength, and duration of mechanical force, which needs to be further quantified. For the use of Piezo1 in the treatment of osteoporosis, emphasis should be placed on clinical and animal model research for osteoporosis, osteoclast-related mechanisms, and new composite materials.

Key words: osteoporosis, mechanical stress, Piezo1, osteoblast, osteoclast, chondrocyte, macrophage, endothelial cell, intestinal cell

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