Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (10): 1603-1609.doi: 10.12307/2023.344

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Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes in treatment of secondary lymphedema

Wang Xinxin1, Wang Jingxin2   

  1. 1Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, Henan Province, China; 2Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou 450007, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2022-04-26 Accepted:2022-06-15 Online:2023-04-08 Published:2022-09-09
  • Contact: Wang Jingxin, MD, Master’s supervisor, Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou 450007, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Wang Xinxin, Master candidate, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Foundation for the Medical Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province, No. 2018020778 (to WJX); the Key Research Development and Promotion (Science and Technology) Project in Henan Province, No. 222102310657 (to WJX); Graduate Science and Technology Innovation Support Program of Xinxiang Medical University, No. YJSCX202146Y (to WXX)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: A variety kinds of cells can secrete microvesicles because of their paracrine effect, and the smallest microvesicles are called exosomes. Initially, exosomes were recognized as the “metabolic waste” of normal cells. However, they can engage in the regulation of several signaling pathways by transporting special substances such as proteins, lipids, miRNA and ligands or just act as ligands. As one of the most promising therapies, mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes are widely used in the study of various diseases and have a significant role in secondary lymphedema. 
OBJECTIVE: To review the development and effect of mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes on secondary lymphedma systematically, and summarize the deficiency of researches. 

METHODS:  With the key words and “snowballing ways”, articles about rehabilitation of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes on secondary lymphedma were searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Scopus, Wiley, CNKI and Wanfang databases from 2005 to 2022. A total of 58 articles were included finally. 

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Due to the low immunogenicity of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes, they are widely used in tissue regeneration, visceral fibrosis and many other kinds of diseases. There are rich sources of them, the application of adipose, bone marrow, umbilical cord blood-derived exosomes are most frequent. (2) Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes benefit secondary lymphedema in animal experiments. They can reduce the volume of edema by promoting lymphatic endothelial cell differentiation and reconstructing new lymphatic values. (3) Meanwhile, the exosomes can interact with macrophages and transforming growth factor β and other important factors to regulate the local inflammation as well as the process of fibrosis and fat deposition. However, the specific intervention machanisms are still incomplete. (4) Current researches focus on the animal experiments not touch upon clinical experiments. Besides, there are no clear conclusions about the optimal concentration, proper time and frequency of intervention, so more details and clinical researches are still worthy to be supplied in the future. 

Key words: mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome, secondary lymphedema, lymphatic endothelial cell, inflammatory factor, fibrosis, hydrogel, tissue engineering, review

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