中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (49): 9287-9290.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.49.039

• 干细胞学术探讨 stem cell academic discussion • 上一篇    下一篇

再生医学研究新进展：DNA甲基化与细胞重编程

陈丽丽，崔淯夏，杨水祥   

  1. 首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院心内科，北京市  100038
  • 收稿日期:2011-05-21 修回日期:2011-06-19 出版日期:2011-12-03 发布日期:2011-12-03
  • 通讯作者: 杨水祥，主任医师，首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院心内科，北京市 100038 sxyang68@163.com
  • 作者简介:陈丽丽★，女，1986年生，山东省滕州市人，汉族，北京大学医学部在读硕士。

New development of regenerative medicine: DNA methylation and cell reprogramming

Chen Li-li, Cui Yu-xia, Yang Shui-xiang   

  1. Department of Cardiology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing  100038, China
  • Received:2011-05-21 Revised:2011-06-19 Online:2011-12-03 Published:2011-12-03
  • Contact: Yang Shui-xiang, Chief physician, Department of Cardiology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China sxyang68@163.com
  • About author:Chen Li-li★, Studying for master’s degree, Department of Cardiology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China

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摘要：

背景：使用一些生长因子能使终分化的体细胞重编程而产生多能性干细胞。
目的：讨论表观遗传机制在细胞重编程和调节中的作用，揭示表观遗传基因调控的变化、表观遗传修饰标记的稳定性及其对基因组表达的影响。
方法：在PubMed数据库及CNKI数据库，以“DNA甲基化，细胞重编程，干细胞”为关键词检索1990/2008相关的文章。
结果与结论：尽管在体内细胞分化通常是单向和不可逆的，但这个过程可被重编程而改变。使用一些生长因子能使终分化的体细胞重编程而产生多能性干细胞。目前为止，导入转录因子、DNA去甲基化、表观基因改变已被用于诱导重编程。通过了解其分子机制，揭示表观遗传基因调控的变化、表观遗传修饰标记的稳定性及其对基因组表达的影响，对基因治疗的发展有重要意义。然而依然许多问题有待深入研究，如：是AID还是 DNA去甲基酶对DNA去甲基化起重要作用？DNA去甲基化需要什么条件？肿瘤细胞中CpG片段能否去甲基化，癌细胞是否更难重编程？

关键词: 表观遗传组学, DNA甲基化, 重编程, 干细胞, 诱导多能干细胞

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: A small number of growth factors are sufficient to reprogram somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the epigenetic mechanism in cellular reprogramming and regulating, and to reveal epigenetic alterations, the stability of epigenetic modifications and their effects on genome expression.
METHODS: Pubmed database and CNKI database from 1990 to 2008 were retrieved by computer with the key words of “DNA methylation; cell reprogramming; stem cells”.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Though cellular differentiation is unidirectional and irreversible, this process can be changed by reprogramming. Some growth factors are sufficient to reprogram somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells. So far, the introduction of transcription factors, DNA demethylation and the apparent genetic modification have been used to induce reprogramming. By understanding the molecular mechanism, the apparent changes in genetic regulation, the stability of epigenetic marks and their effects on expression of the genome are significant in the development of gene therapy. However, many issues still need further studies, such as: Is AID or DNA demethylation enzyme plays an important role in DNA demethylation? What are the requirements for DNA demethylation? Can demethylation take place in CpG fragments of tumor cells? Are cancer cells more difficult to re-programming?

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