中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (36): 9402-9412.doi: 10.12307/2026.867

• 骨组织构建 bone tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

六味地黄丸干预绝经后骨质疏松症模型大鼠的作用机制

许鹏超1,2,谢丽华3,4,黄景文3,4,陈  娟3,4,陈  玄3,4,李生强3,4,葛继荣3,4   

  1. 1福建中医药大学,福建省福州市  350003;2福建省中医药科学院博士后创新实践基地,福建省福州市  350003;3福建省中医药科学院基础研究所,福建省福州市  350003;4福建省中西医结合防治骨质疏松重点实验室(福建省中医药科学院,福建中医药大学附属康复医院),福建省福州市  350003
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-15 修回日期:2026-01-23 出版日期:2026-12-28 发布日期:2026-05-20
  • 通讯作者: 葛继荣,博士,研究员,福建省中医药科学院基础研究所,福建省福州市 350003;福建省中西医结合防治骨质疏松重点实验室(福建省中医药科学院,福建中医药大学附属康复医院),福建省福州市 350003
  • 作者简介:许鹏超,男,1993年生,江西省安福县人,汉族,福建中医药大学博士,主要从事中医药防止骨与关节疾病的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82274563),项目负责人:葛继荣;国家自然科学基金项目(82374483),项目负责人:谢丽华

Mechanisms of Liuwei Dihuang Pills in a rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis

Xu Pengchao1, 2, Xie Lihua3, 4, Huang Jingwen3, 4, Chen Juan3, 4, Chen Xuan3, 4, Li Shengqiang3, 4, Ge Jirong3, 4   

  1. 1Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian Province, China; 2Fujian Academy of Chinese Medicine Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian Province, China; 3Institute of Basic Research, Fujian Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian Province, China; 4Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis (Fujian Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Subsidiary Rehabilitation Hospital), Fuzhou 350003, Fujian Province, China
  • Received:2025-10-15 Revised:2026-01-23 Online:2026-12-28 Published:2026-05-20
  • Contact: Ge Jirong, PhD, Researcher, Institute of Basic Research, Fujian Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian Province, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis (Fujian Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Subsidiary Rehabilitation Hospital), Fuzhou 350003, Fujian Province, China
  • About author:Xu Pengchao, PhD, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian Province, China; Fujian Academy of Chinese Medicine Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82274563 (to GJR); National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82374483 (to XLH)

摘要:



文题释义:
网络药理学:基于系统生物学理论,通过分析生物系统网络并选取特定节点,结合药物间结构、功效相似性以及机体内靶标分子与生物效应分子的多重相互作用,构建药物-药物和药物-靶标网络,从而预测药物功效及其对应药物。
单细胞测序:以单个细胞作为基本分析单位,通过在单个细胞水平上解码基因组、转录组或表观基因组信息,揭示生物组织中细胞组成的复杂性、异质性和动态变化,为基于个体细胞组成和状态的精准诊断、分型和治疗提供基础。

摘要
背景:六味地黄丸已被广泛应用于骨质疏松症肝肾阴虚证的治疗,但其治疗靶点与机制仍不够明确。
目的:利用网络药理学和单细胞测序分析六味地黄丸治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的机制。
方法:①通过TCMSP和ETCM数据库分析六味地黄丸各中药组分的有效成分及靶点,从GeneCards、OMIM、Disgenet、PharmGkb和TTD数据库中检索骨质疏松症相关基因,利用Cytoscape、STRING等分析工具构建药物-疾病-靶点网络并筛选核心基因,进行GO、KEGG富集分析。②将9只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(n=3)、模型组(n=3)和六味地黄丸组(n=3),假手术组不造模,模型组与六味地黄丸组通过切除双侧卵巢建立绝经后骨质疏松症模型。造模4周后,假手术组与模型组大鼠灌胃给予生理盐水,六味地黄丸组大鼠灌胃给予六味地黄丸,每天2次,连续给药12周。末次给药结束后取外周血,分别进行单细胞测序分析与网络药理学-单细胞测序联合分析。
结果与结论:①六味地黄丸与骨质疏松症的交集靶点共116个,“药物-疾病-靶点”网络图及蛋白质互作网络分析表明,B淋巴细胞瘤2、Fos原癌基因、雌激素受体1、白细胞介素10等15个基因可能是核心靶点;GO、KEGG富集分析显示,六味地黄丸的治疗机制可能与破骨细胞分化、细胞衰老与凋亡、类固醇激素调控和炎症反应相关。②单细胞测序结果显示,单核巨噬细胞可能是六味地黄丸治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的关键细胞群;GO、KEGG富集分析显示,单核巨噬细胞群与免疫、凋亡、活性氧代谢等关系密切;网络药理学-单细胞测序联合分析显示,六味地黄丸治疗绝经后骨质疏松症主要通过破骨细胞和凋亡相关通路实现。③结果表明,六味地黄丸通过多靶点多效应多机制治疗绝经后骨质疏松症,主要机制与破骨细胞的分化和凋亡相关,CD16+单核巨噬细胞亚群是这一作用实现的关键细胞亚群。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0328-4446(许鹏超)


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 绝经后骨质疏松症, 网络药理学, 单细胞测序, 六味地黄丸, CD16+单核巨噬细胞

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Liuwei Dihuang Pill has been widely used in the treatment of osteoporosis with liver and kidney yin deficiency syndrome, but its therapeutic targets are still unclear and need further research.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the mechanism of Liuwei Dihuang Pills in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis using network pharmacology and single-cell sequencing.
METHODS: (1) The active ingredients and targets of each traditional Chinese medicine component of Liuwei Dihuang Pills were analyzed using the TCMSP and ETCM databases. The genes related to osteoporosis were retrieved from the GeneCards, OMIM, Disgenet, PharmGkb, and TTD databases. The drug-disease-target network was constructed and the core genes were screened by using analytical tools such as Cytoscape and STRING. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed by core genes. (2) Nine Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group (n=3), model group (n=3) and Liuwei Dihuang Pill group (n=3). Sham group did not undergo modeling, while the model and Liuwei Dihuang Pill group were modeled by bilateral oophorectomy. Four weeks after modeling, the Liuwei Dihuang Pill group was administered by gavage with a suspension prepared by Liuwei Dihuang Pills, while the sham group and the model group were administered by gavage with the same amount of normal saline. Administration in each group was given twice daily, for 12 consecutive weeks. After the final administration, peripheral blood was collected for single-cell sequencing and network pharmacology analyses. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There were a total of 116 intersection targets between Liuwei Dihuang Pills and osteoporosis. The "drug-disease-target" network diagram and protein-protein interaction analysis indicated that 15 genes such as B-cell lymphoma 2, Fos proto-oncogene 1, estrogen receptor 1, and interleukin-10 might be its core targets. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses indicated that the therapeutic mechanism of Liuwei Dihuang Pills might be related to osteoclast differentiation, cell senescence and apoptosis, steroid hormone regulation and inflammatory response. (2) Single-cell sequencing indicated that monocytes might be the key cell population in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with Liuwei Dihuang Pills. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses indicated that mononuclear macrophage populations were closely related to immunity, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species metabolism, etc. The combined analysis of single-cell sequencing and network pharmacology indicated that Liuwei Dihuang Pills for postmenopausal osteoporosis was mainly achieved through osteoclast and apoptosis-related pathways. To conclude, Liuwei Dihuang Pills treat postmenopausal osteoporosis through multiple targets, multiple effects and multiple mechanisms, and its main mechanism is related to the differentiation and apoptosis of osteoclasts. The CD16+ monocyte subset is the key cell subset responsible for this effect.

Key words: postmenopausal osteoporosis, network pharmacology, single-cell sequencing, Liuwei Dihuang Pill, CD16+ monocyte

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