中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (25): 6669-6679.doi: 10.12307/2026.267

• 组织工程相关大数据分析 Big data analysis in tissue engineering • 上一篇    

免疫细胞介导下循环炎症蛋白与类风湿关节炎的因果关系

王  淳,甘丽祯,任  贺,方  艺,高梓珊,吴云川   

  1. 南京中医药大学针灸推拿学院·养生康复学院,江苏省南京市   210046
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-24 修回日期:2025-12-10 出版日期:2026-09-08 发布日期:2026-04-23
  • 通讯作者: 高梓珊,副教授,南京中医药大学针灸推拿学院·养生康复学院,江苏省南京市 210046 通讯作者:吴云川,教授,南京中医药大学针灸推拿学院·养生康复学院,江苏省南京市 210046
  • 作者简介:王淳,女,1999年生,山东省日照市人,汉族,主要从事针灸效应规律及机制的基础与临床研究。 共同第一作者:甘丽祯,1998年生,四川省泸州市人,汉族,主要从事推拿手法、功法的规范化基础与临床研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81973941),项目负责人:高梓珊;江苏省卫生健康委员会项目(LKM2023030),项目负责人:吴云川

Causal relationship between immune cell-mediated circulating inflammatory proteins and rheumatoid arthritis

Wang Chun, Gan Lizhen, Ren He, Fang Yi, Gao Zishan, Wu Yunchuan   

  1. School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, and School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2025-08-24 Revised:2025-12-10 Online:2026-09-08 Published:2026-04-23
  • Contact: Gao Zishan, Associate professor, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, and School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu Province, China Co-corresponding author: Wu Yunchuan, Professor, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, and School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Wang Chun, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, and School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu Province, China Gan Lizhen, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, and School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu Province, China Wang Chun and Gan Lizhen contributed equally to this work.
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81973941 (to GZS); Health Commission of Jiangsu Province, No. LKM2023030 (to WYC)

摘要:



文题释义:
类风湿关节炎:是一种以侵蚀性、对称性多关节炎为主要表现的慢性自身免疫性疾病,核心病理机制为免疫系统异常激活并攻击关节滑膜组织,引发持续性炎症反应。
孟德尔随机化:是一种基于遗传变异的因果推断方法,核心原理是利用基因型作为工具变量,模拟随机对照试验的分组逻辑,评估暴露因素与结局因素之间的因果关系。

背景:研究已证明循环炎症蛋白和免疫细胞与类风湿关节炎之间的关联性,但因果关系尚不明确。
目的:探究免疫细胞介导下循环炎症蛋白与类风湿关节炎的因果关系。
方法:从GWAS Catalog数据库(由美国国家人类基因组研究所与欧洲生物信息学研究所联合创建并维护,为开放数据库) 下载循环炎症蛋白和免疫细胞表型数据,从FinnGen数据库(是芬兰国内研究机构和生物样本库与国际行业伙伴合作的基因组学项目,为开放数据库)下载类风湿关节炎全基因组关联研究数据,进行两步孟德尔随机化分析:使用逆方差加权法评估91种循环炎症蛋白和731种免疫细胞对类风湿关节炎风险的因果影响,并辅助以MR-Egger、加权中位数、加权模式、简单模式和敏感性分析;评估已识别免疫细胞对循环炎症蛋白与类风湿关节炎之间关系的介导作用。
结果与结论:①逆方差加权法分析结果表明,4种循环炎症蛋白与类风湿关节炎风险存在显著相关性,其中1种循环炎症蛋白是类风湿关节炎的危险因素,3种循环炎症蛋白是类风湿关节炎的保护因素;46种免疫细胞与类风湿关节炎存在显著相关性,其中20种免疫细胞是类风湿关节炎的危险因素,26种免疫细胞是是类风湿关节炎的保护因素。反向孟德尔随机化分析未发现类风湿关节炎与已识别的4种循环炎症蛋白存在因果关联。敏感性分析未发现显著的异质性和水平多效性。进一步中介分析结果显示,CD19 on IgD- CD38br在一定程度上介导了白细胞介素18(β=0.064,OR=1.066,P=0.044)与类风湿关节炎的因果效应,中介效应为0.004,中介占比为5.7%,直接效应为0.060。②研究结果揭示了循环炎症蛋白和免疫细胞与类风湿关节炎之间的因果关联,发现CD19 on IgD- CD38br在白细胞介素18与类风湿关节炎的因果关联中起部分介导作用。针对中国生物医学科研领域,可参考国际多组学研究平台与跨种族队列数据的整合分析框架,构建中国人群专属的表观基因组、蛋白质组及代谢组联合数据库,揭示复杂疾病发生发展的分子调控网络,助力疾病分型与早期诊断标志物开发;通过学习跨国协作研究机制,建立中国多民族、多地域的自然人群队列,系统解析环境暴露与基因交互作用对健康的影响,为制定本土化疾病预防策略提供科学依据。

https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0291-1366 (王淳)


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 循环炎症蛋白, 免疫细胞, 类风湿关节炎, 孟德尔随机化, 逆方差加权法, 因果关系, 中介分析, 芬兰数据库

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that circulating inflammatory proteins and immune cells are associated with rheumatoid arthritis, but the causal relationship is unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the causal relationships between circulating inflammatory proteins and rheumatoid arthritis mediated by immune cells.
METHODS: We downloaded data on circulating inflammatory proteins and immune cell phenotypes from the GWAS Catalog database (a publicly accessible database jointly established and maintained by the National Human Genome Research Institute and the European Bioinformatics Institute), and genome-wide association study data for rheumatoid arthritis from the FinnGen database (a genomics project resulting from collaboration between Finnish research institutions, biobanks, and international industry partners, also publicly accessible). A two-step Mendelian randomization analysis was then conducted. In the first step, inverse variance weighted method was used to evaluate the causal effects of 91 circulating inflammatory proteins and 731 immune cells on rheumatoid arthritis risk. MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, simple mode, and sensitivity analyses were performed to ensure robustness and assess pleiotropy. The second step evaluated the mediating effects of identified immune cells on the relationship between circulating inflammatory proteins and rheumatoid arthritis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Inverse variance weighted analysis showed that four circulating inflammatory proteins were significantly correlated with the risk of rheumatoid arthritis, with one circulating inflammatory protein being a risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis and three circulating inflammatory proteins being protective factors for rheumatoid arthritis. Forty-six kinds of immune cells were significantly associated with rheumatoid arthritis, comprising 20 risk factors and 26 protective factors. Reverse Mendelian randomization analysis found no causal associations between rheumatoid arthritis and four identified circulating inflammatory proteins. Sensitivity analyses revealed no significant heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy. Further Mediation analysis showed that CD19 on IgD- CD38br partially mediated the causal effect of interleukin-18 on rheumatoid arthritis (β=0.064, odds ratio=1.066, P=0.044), with a mediation effect of 0.004, accounting for 5.7% of the total effect, and a direct effect of 0.060. (2) The study findings reveal that circulating inflammatory proteins and immune cells have causal associations with rheumatoid arthritis, and demonstrate that CD19 on IgD- CD38br partially mediates the causal effect of interleukin-18 on rheumatoid arthritis. With the rich accumulation of data in international multi-omics research platforms and trans-ethnic cohorts, China can reference their multi-dimensional data integration frameworks to construct a dedicated database integrating epigenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics for the Chinese population, revealing molecular regulatory networks underlying complex diseases and aiding in disease subtyping and early diagnostic biomarker development. Learning from transnational collaborative research mechanisms, establishing multi-ethnic and multi-regional natural population cohorts in China will systematically dissect the impact of gene-environment interactions on health, providing a scientific basis for localized disease prevention strategies.

Key words: circulating inflammatory proteins, immune cells, rheumatoid arthritis, Mendelian randomization, inverse variance weighted, causality, mediation analysis, FinnGen database

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