中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (15): 3832-3838.doi: 10.12307/2026.544

• 骨与关节生物力学Bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

对侧皮质锁定钢板长度对股骨远端骨折内固定生物力学的影响

欧阳汉斌1,林可伟1,张  欣1,2,张梓维1,冯柏淋1,钟  环1,黄华军1   

  1. 1广东医科大学附属医院骨科中心关节外科,广东省湛江市  524002;2菏泽市立医院疼痛科,山东省菏泽市  274000
  • 接受日期:2025-02-11 出版日期:2026-05-28 发布日期:2025-11-05
  • 通讯作者: 黄华军,博士,主治医师,广东医科大学附属医院骨科中心关节外科,广东省湛江市 524002
  • 作者简介:欧阳汉斌,男,1985年生,湖南省宁远县人,汉族,2012年南方医科大学毕业,博士,副主任医师,主要从事数字骨科学、骨科生物力学、骨科植入体3D打印、四肢骨与关节损伤方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    2021年广东省科技专项资金(“大专项+任务清单”)竞争性分配项目(2021A05243),课题名称:对侧皮质锁定技术对骨折应变定向调控的力学机制研究,项目负责人:欧阳汉斌

Effect of contralateral cortical locking plate length on biomechanics of internal fixation for distal femur fractures

Ouyang Hanbin1, Lin Kewei1, Zhang Xin1, 2, Zhang Ziwei1, Feng Bolin1, Zhong Huan1, Huang Huajun1   

  1. 1Joint Surgery Department of Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524002, Guangdong Province, China; 2Department of Pain Medicine, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze 274000, Shandong Province, China
  • Accepted:2025-02-11 Online:2026-05-28 Published:2025-11-05
  • Contact: Huang Huajun, PhD, Attending physician, Joint Surgery Department of Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524002, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Ouyang Hanbin, MD, Associate chief physician, Joint Surgery Department of Orthopedic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524002, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province (“Major Project + Task List”) in 2021, No. 2021A05243 (by OYHB)

摘要:

文题释义:

有限元分析:是一种通过数学手段对实际物理系统(包括其几何和载荷条件)进行近似模拟的方法,它通过构建有限数量的简单单元,并通过这些单元的相互作用来近似地描述那些具有无限未知数的复杂系统。
冯•米塞斯(Von Mises)应力:是一个单一的标量值,它来自于三维应力状态的简化,用于评估材料是否屈服。这个等效应力是基于材料的弹性变形能力,尤其是那些由形状变化引起的变形能量。

摘要
背景:目前临床上对侧皮质锁定技术治疗股骨远端骨折已经取得了良好的效果,然而,关于对侧皮质锁定钢板长度对骨折内固定生物力学的影响尚未明确,对侧皮质锁定技术的临床操作规范尚无指导性准则。
目的:探索不同对侧皮质锁定钢板长度对股骨远端骨折内固定生物力学的影响。
方法:采用第4代人工合成 Sawbones股骨模型的CT影像数据,借助三维重建技术建立股骨远端粉碎性骨折缺损(AO-A3)的数字化模型。在此基础上,分别模拟了14孔、16孔和18孔共3种不同长度的对侧皮质锁定钢板内固定;对3组内固定模型施加同等的轴向压缩载荷进行有限元分析,比较不同模型之间的刚度、骨折端位移和钉板结构最大等效应力。
结果与结论:①对于不同长度的对侧皮质锁定钢板,16孔钢板组的轴向刚度最低,骨折端节点位移峰值最大,等效应力峰值位于近端的P4螺钉,数值相比14孔和18孔的最大应力螺钉分别高出7.47%和1.80%;②3种长度钢板最大等效应力比较,16孔钢板应力峰值最小,最高应力位于钢板近端第1钉孔处;③提示股骨远端骨折对侧皮质锁定钢板内固定稳定性并未随钢板长度的增加而相应提高,临床上应遵循患者个体化和创伤控制原则选择合适的钢板长度。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 对侧皮质锁定, 股骨骨折, 内固定, 生物力学, 有限元分析, 骨科植入物

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Contralateral cortical locking technique has achieved good clinical outcome in the treatment of distal femur fractures in clinical practice, but the influence of the choice of contralateral cortical locking plate length on biomechanics of internal fixation for distal femur fractures has not been clarified. Thus, the clinical guidance for contralateral cortical locking application remains unavailable.  
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of different contralateral cortical locking plate lengths on the biomechanics of internal fixation of distal femur fractures. 
METHODS: CT image data of the 4th generation synthetic Sawbones femur model were used to create a digital model of the comminuted fracture defect of a distal femur (AO-A3) using three-dimensional reconstruction techniques. On this basis, three different lengths of contralateral cortical locking steel plates with 14, 16, and 18 holes were simulated. Finite element analysis was performed by applying equal axial compression loads to the three sets of internal fixation models to compare the stiffness, the magnitude of displacement change at the fracture end, and the maximum equivalent stress among different models.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) For different lengths of contralateral cortical locking plates, the 16-hole plate model had the lowest axial stiffness, the highest displacement at the fracture, and the peak equivalent stress was located at the proximal P4 screw, with values that were 7.47% and 1.80% higher compared to the 14-hole and 18-hole screws with the highest stress, respectively. (2) Comparing the plate stresses of the three models, the 16-hole plate had the smallest peak stress and the highest stress was located at the first nail hole proximal to the plate. (3) The stability of contralateral cortical locking plate fixation for distal femur fractures did not improve with the increase in length. The appropriate plate length should be selected following the principles of patient individualization and trauma control in clinical practice. 

Key words: contralateral cortical locking, femur fracture, internal fixation, biomechanics, finite element analysis, orthopedic implant

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