中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (9): 2172-2181.doi: 10.12307/2026.116

• 骨与关节有限元分析Finite element analysis of bones and joints • 上一篇    下一篇

引入肌肉单元的脊柱侧弯有限元仿真:双向载荷的矫形效果验证

武泓序1,刘轩宇2,王韬宇1,王诗尧1,程靖祎3,张鸣文1,张银霞1,刘治华1,王晓洁1   

  1. 郑州大学,1机械与动力工程学院,3商学院,河南省郑州市   450001;2郑州航空工业管理学院南乌拉尔学院,河南省郑州市   450046
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-05 接受日期:2025-05-15 出版日期:2026-03-28 发布日期:2025-08-21
  • 通讯作者: 刘治华,博士,副教授,郑州大学,机械与动力工程学院,河南省郑州市 450001 王晓洁,硕士,讲师,郑州大学,机械与动力工程学院,河南省郑州市 450001
  • 作者简介:武泓序,男,2004年生,辽宁省沈阳市人,汉族,郑州大学机械工程专业在读学士,主要从事脊柱侧弯矫形装置的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    河南省产学研合作项目(142107000011),项目名称:颈椎非手术减压治疗系统,项目负责人:刘治华;郑州大学横向项目(20230643A),项目名称:双周期脊柱矫正设备基本原理研究,项目负责人:刘治华

Finite element simulation of scoliosis with muscle unit introduction: verification of correction effect under bidirectional load

Wu Hongxu1, Liu Xuanyu2, Wang Taoyu1, Wang Shiyao1, Cheng Jingyi3, Zhang Mingwen1, Zhang Yinxia1, Liu Zhihua1, Wang Xiaojie1   

  1. 1School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, 3Business School, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China; 2South Ural College, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China 

  • Received:2025-03-05 Accepted:2025-05-15 Online:2026-03-28 Published:2025-08-21
  • Contact: Liu Zhihua, MD, Associate professor, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China Wang Xiaojie, MS, Lecturer, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Wu Hongxu, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Henan Province Industry-University-Research Cooperation Project, No. 142107000011 (to LZH); Horizontal Project of Zhengzhou University, No. 20230643A (to LZH)

摘要:

文题释义:

脊柱侧弯:是指脊柱发生异常弯曲,通常是由遗传、环境或其他因素导致的一种疾病。侧弯不仅影响身体姿势,还可能引发疼痛或其他健康问题。研究脊柱侧弯矫形系统的原理,意味着探讨如何通过外部装置或手术手段来恢复脊柱的正常生理曲线。
有限元分析:是一种数值计算方法,通过将复杂结构分解为小的单元来进行分析,有助于预测系统在各种条件下的表现。

摘要
背景:目前脊柱侧弯保守治疗方法主要包括物理治疗、支具矫正、牵引等,在临床实践中,通常在患者的耐受性范围内使用尽可能大的牵引力,并且随着耐受性的增加,牵引力也会增加。
目的:在建立脊柱侧弯三维有限元模型的基础上增加肌肉单元使模型更符合实际,探讨具有双向(轴向、横向)矫形载荷的脊柱侧弯矫形装置的治疗效果。通过分析轴向牵引矫形力与横向侧推矫形力之间的相互作用关系,分析矫形力对Cobb角的影响,为患者制定最合适的治疗方案提供理论依据。
方法:提取1例35岁脊柱侧弯患者的脊柱CT扫描数据,应用Mimics、Geomagic Wrap和HyperMesh等软件建立三维有限元模型,增加肌肉单元,并通过Abaqus进行有限元分析。分别分析了轴向牵引载荷和横向侧推载荷单独作用以及两者共同作用时的治疗效果,同时研究了周期性横向载荷对治疗效果的影响,并建立了2种载荷的力矩数学模型进行分析计算。
结果与结论:①轴向牵引载荷与横向侧推载荷共同作用时,治疗脊柱侧弯的矫形率分别为胸椎段22%、腰椎段24%,优于二者单独作用,且增加周期性横向载荷后,矫形率进一步提高为27%和29%;②两种载荷的作用效果与Cobb角之间存在一定关系,Cobb角小于53.13°时,横向载荷的作用效果优于轴向载荷;Cobb角大于53.13°时,轴向载荷的作用效果优于横向载荷,可为两种矫形力施加的先后顺序提供力学理论依据;③这些结果可为制定脊柱侧弯患者个性化治疗方案提供理论支持,确保矫形力的安全与有效性。



中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 脊柱侧弯, 矫形载荷, 三维有限元模型, Cobb角, 生物力学, ;周期性载荷, 横向侧推“”轴向牵引, 治疗效果

Abstract: BACKGROUND: At present, conservative treatments for scoliosis mainly include physical therapy, brace correction, and traction. In clinical practice, as much traction as possible is usually used within the tolerance range of the patient, and as the tolerance increases, the traction will also increase.
OBJECTIVE: To establish a three-dimensional finite element model of scoliosis, incorporating muscle units to enhance realism, and investigate the therapeutic efficacy of a scoliosis correction system with bidirectional (axial and lateral) corrective loads. By analyzing the interaction between axial traction and lateral pushing forces, the study explores how corrective forces influence the Cobb angle, providing a theoretical basis for optimizing individualized treatment plans.
METHODS: Spinal CT scan data from a scoliosis patient aged 35 years old were used to construct a 3D finite element model using Mimics, Geomagic Wrap, and HyperMesh software, with muscle units integrated. Finite element analysis was performed via Abaqus. The therapeutic effects of axial traction and lateral pushing loads—applied individually and in combination—were evaluated. Additionally, the impact of periodic lateral loading on treatment efficacy was studied, and a mathematical model of the moments generated by the two loads was developed for computational analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) When axial traction load combined with lateral push load, the correction rate of scoliosis treatment was 22% in the thoracic segment and 24% in the lumbar segment, respectively, which was better than the two effects alone, and the correction rate was further increased to 27% and 29% with the addition of periodic lateral load. (2) There was a certain relationship between the effect of the two kinds of loads and the Cobb angle. When the Cobb angle was less than 53.13°, the effect of the lateral load was better than that of the axial load. When the Cobb angle was more than 53.13°, the effect of the axial load was better than that of the lateral load, which provided a mechanical theoretical basis for the sequence of application of the two kinds of orthopedic forces. (3) These results provide theoretical support for the development of patient personalized treatment to ensure the safety and effectiveness of orthopedic forces.

Key words: scoliosis, corrective loads, three-dimensional finite element model, Cobb angle, biomechanics, periodic loading, lateral pushing, axial traction, therapeutic efficacy

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