中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 964-974.doi: 10.12307/2026.531

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

双乳酸阈值运动训练:发展脉络、基本内涵、应用效果及作用机制

魏  博,邱建钢   

  1. 成都体育学院,四川省成都市  641418
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-16 接受日期:2025-01-25 出版日期:2026-02-08 发布日期:2025-05-21
  • 通讯作者: 邱建钢,硕士,教授,博士生导师,成都体育学院,四川省成都市 641418
  • 作者简介:魏博,男,1997年生,河北省石家庄市人,汉族,成都体育学院在读博士,主要从事运动训练过程控制与负荷设计、田径教学训练理论与实践。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金西部项目(22XTY012),项目负责人:邱建钢;四川省社会科学体育与艺术科普基地专题项目(重点项目)(24TYKP-A05),项目负责人:魏博,张永茂

Double lactate threshold exercise training: development context, basic connotation, application effect and mechanism of action

Wei Bo, Qiu Jiangang   

  1. Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 641418, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2024-12-16 Accepted:2025-01-25 Online:2026-02-08 Published:2025-05-21
  • Contact: Qiu Jiangang, Master, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 641418, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Wei Bo, PhD candidate, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 641418, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Social Science Foundation of China (Western Program), No. 22XTY012 (to QJG); Thematic Project (Key Project) of the Sichuan Social Science Base of Sports and Arts, No. 24TYKP-A05 (to WB, ZYM)

摘要:




文题释义:
乳酸:是肌肉在无氧代谢过程中产生的一种代谢产物,当运动强度超过有氧代谢能力时,乳酸水平上升。适量的乳酸积累可以刺激肌肉生长和适应,但乳酸过量会导致肌肉疲劳和酸痛。通过运动训练可以提高乳酸阈值,增强肌肉耐力和运动表现。
双乳酸阈值运动训练:是一种结合有氧和无氧训练的策略,通过在一天内进行2次不同强度(有氧阈值训练/无氧阈值训练)的训练来提高运动者的耐力和速度。这种训练方法通过精确控制乳酸水平避免过度疲劳,同时促进身体适应更高强度的运动。

背景:乳酸阈值是评价耐力运动者有氧代谢能力和训练水平的重要生理指标,代表了机体乳酸生成与清除达到动态平衡的强度点。传统的长时间、稳定强度的乳酸阈值训练方法,旨在提高运动者的有氧耐力和乳酸清除效率。近年来,随着运动生理学的发展,双乳酸阈值运动训练作为一种新兴的训练模式,受到学术界和实践者的广泛关注。然而,目前关于双乳酸阈值运动训练的系统研究仍然有限,尤其是在生理机制、最佳实施方案和长期效果等方面尚不明确。
目的:探讨双乳酸阈值运动训练的发展脉络、基本内涵、应用效果及作用机制,以期为耐力运动训练理论的完善和实践的优化提供科学依据和指导。
方法:以“乳酸阈值训练,双乳酸阈值训练,乳酸训练,阈值训练,耐力训练,挪威训练法,挪威训练模式,挪威训练经验”为中文检索词,以”Lactate Threshold Training,Double lactate Threshold Training,Lactate Training,Threshold Training,Endurance Training,Norwegian Training Method,Norwegian Training Mode,Norwegian Training Experience”为英文检索词,在PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Medline、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方、维普数据库中进行系统检索,筛选后有8篇文献符合要求,共涉及8个训练案例、14人次国际顶尖运动者,运动项目包含800 m、1 500 m、5 000 m、10 000 m、越野跑(男9.5 km/女4.5 km)。
结果与结论:①首次将双乳酸阈值训练界定为:以提升有氧能力与速度能力为目的,在一天训练日内分别进行有氧阈值与无氧阈值训练(有氧训练负荷强度要求0.7-2.0 mmol/L、无氧训练负荷强度要求2.0-4.5 mmol/L)、训练频次≥2次/周,训练量在≈120-160 km/周的一种训练策略。②双乳酸阈值训练对肌肉适应性与可塑性(维度、弹性)、增加有氧与无氧能力、缓解中枢神经疲劳与外周疲劳具有积极作用。③双乳酸阈值训练产生效果的主要机制可能是激素分泌、蛋白质合成与抑制调节、肌纤维募集与细胞肿胀、线粒体生物合成与呼吸功能链改善、神经递质调节等过程。④在应用双乳酸阈值训练过程中,要充分考虑个性化训练方案、阈值训练日负荷强度设计与监控、适用的运动项目,为系统完善双乳酸阈值训练还需要在应用对象、训练方案、作用机制、效果评估、安全应用方面进一步探究。
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8647-5806(魏博)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 双乳酸阈值训练, 挪威模式, 运动训练, 耐力素质, 有氧阈值, 无氧阈值

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The lactate threshold is a crucial physiological indicator for assessing the aerobic metabolic capacity and training level of endurance athletes, representing the intensity point at which lactate production and clearance reach a dynamic equilibrium within the organism. The traditional lactate threshold training, which is a prolonged and stable-intensity training, aims to enhance the aerobic endurance and lactate clearance efficiency of athletes. In recent years, with the advancement of exercise physiology, double lactate threshold training has emerged as an innovative training modality, drawing extensive attention from both the academic circle and practitioners. Nevertheless, current systematic research on double lactate threshold training remains limited, particularly in aspects such as its physiological mechanisms, optimal implementation plans, and long-term effects.
OBJECTIVE: To systematically sort out the development course of double lactate threshold training, deeply analyze its fundamental connotations, objectively assess its application effects, and investigate its physiological action mechanisms, with the expectation of providing scientific basis and guidance for the improvement and optimization of endurance sports training theories and practices.
METHODS: With the search terms of “lactate threshold training, double lactate threshold training, lactate training, threshold training, endurance training, Norwegian training method, Norwegian training mode, Norwegian training experience,” a systematic search was conducted in databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Medline, Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang, and VIP. After screening, 8articles met the requirements, involving 8 training cases, and 14 top international athletes, and sports events include 800 m, 1 500 m, 5 000 m, 10 000 m, and cross-country running (9.5 km for men and 4.5 km for women).
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) For the first time, double lactate threshold training was defined as a training strategy aimed at improving aerobic and speed capabilities, involving separate aerobic and anaerobic threshold training sessions within a single training day (aerobic training load intensity requirement of 0.7 -2.0 mmol/L, anaerobic training load intensity requirement of 2.0-4.5 mmol/L), with a training frequency of ≥ 2 times per week and a training volume of 120-160 km per week. (2) Double lactate threshold training has positive effects on muscle adaptability and plasticity (dimension and elasticity), increasing aerobic and anaerobic capabilities, and alleviating central neural fatigue and peripheral fatigue. (3) The main mechanisms by which double lactate threshold training yields effects may include hormone secretion, protein synthesis and inhibitory regulation, muscle fiber recruitment and cell swelling, mitochondrial biosynthesis and improvement in the chain of respiratory function, and neurotransmitter regulation. (4) In the practical application of double lactate threshold training, factors such as individualized training plans, load intensity design and monitoring for threshold training days, and applicable sports events should be fully considered. For the systematic improvement of double lactate threshold training, further exploration is still needed in terms of application subjects, training plans, action mechanisms, effect evaluation, and safe application.

Key words: double lactate threshold training, Norwegian model, sports training, physical endurance, aerobic threshold, anaerobic threshold 

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