中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 832-840.doi: 10.12307/2026.505

• 口腔组织构建 oral tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

无托槽隐形矫治器近中移动下颌第二磨牙的三维有限元分析

邱生磊1,2,李道堃1,2,王春娟3,李  娜2   

  1. 1川北医学院口腔医学院,四川省南充市  637000;2川北医学院附属医院丝绸路口腔门诊,四川省南充市  637000;3口腔疾病与生物医学重庆市重点实验室,重庆市高校市级口腔生物医学工程重点实验室,重庆市  401147
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-22 接受日期:2025-01-14 出版日期:2026-02-08 发布日期:2025-05-15
  • 通讯作者: 李娜,硕士,副主任医师,川北医学院附属医院丝绸路口腔门诊,四川省南充市 637000
  • 作者简介:邱生磊,男,1996年生,四川省隆昌市人,汉族,川北医学院在读硕士,主要从事口腔正畸学方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    川北医学院科研基金项目(2023LC002),项目负责人:李娜

Three-dimensional finite element analysis of mandibular second molar mesial movement by clear aligner

Qiu Shenglei1, 2, Li Daokun1, 2, Wang Chunjuan3, Li Na2   

  1. 1School of Stomatology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China; 2Silk Road Stomatology Clinic, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China; 3Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Disease and Biomedicine, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Municipal Dental Biomedical Engineering of Chongqing Colleges and Universities, Chongqing 401147, China
  • Received:2024-11-22 Accepted:2025-01-14 Online:2026-02-08 Published:2025-05-15
  • Contact: Li Na, Master, Associate chief physician, Silk Road Stomatology Clinic, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Qiu Shenglei, Master candidate, School of Stomatology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China; Silk Road Stomatology Clinic, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Research Fund Project of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 2023LC002 (to LN)

摘要:


文题释义:
过矫治:是一种为确保无托槽隐形矫治器达到理想矫治效果的方法。由于矫治器材料性能、个体因素等原因,在矫治过程中牙齿实际移动无法完全达到虚拟设计的移动,需设计额外的移动以提高矫治效能,称过矫治,可以设计在总的矫治目标中,如开牙合患者目标位设计为深覆牙合,也可以在每步移动中设计,如在内收前牙时添加压低和根舌向转矩。
有限元分析:是一种用于求解工程和物理问题中数学模型的数值计算方法。通过将一个复杂连续体离散分解为简单规则有限数量的子结构,建立数学力学模型,然后对每个子结构进行局部数学分析计算后汇总,得出模型的全局应力、应变等。

背景:正畸移动下颌第二磨牙替代缺失的第一磨牙是一种保留天然牙的良好办法,然而使用无托槽矫治器近中移动磨牙时磨牙会发生近中倾斜移动,附件和过矫治的应用对磨牙近中移动的影响尚不明确。
目的:探究附件及过矫治对下颌第二磨牙近中移动位移和生物力学的影响。
方法:使用1名志愿者的锥形束CT及口内扫描数据构建左侧下第一磨牙缺失的有限元模型。实验根据左下颌第二磨牙附件位置分为无附件组、颊侧附件组、舌侧附件组和颊舌附件组,4组均设计0°,1°,2°,3°,4°过矫治,总共20组模型。在Abaqus软件中分析计算牙齿位移趋势和应力。
结果与结论:①无托槽隐形矫治器近中移动左下颌第二磨牙时,磨牙发生近中倾斜和压低,尖牙和前磨牙发生远中倾斜,切牙发生舌侧倾斜;②附件应用使第二磨牙位移量增加,使用颊舌附件时位移量最大,在单侧应用附件时磨牙会向无附件侧倾斜,而附件的应用对第二磨牙近中倾斜度无改善;③应用过矫治后,磨牙近中倾斜和压低趋势改善,磨牙更接近整体移动,牙周膜应力降低且分布更均匀,且随着过矫治程度增加更显著;④附件可以增强过矫治的作用效果,使用颊舌附件时作用效果最强,两者联合应用有利于控制磨牙近中倾斜和压低,但仍无法实现磨牙整体移动。
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2812-5726(邱生磊)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 无托槽隐形矫治器, 有限元, 磨牙, 近中移动, 附件, 过矫治

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Orthodontic treatment to move the mandibular second molar in place of the missing first molar is a good method for preserving natural teeth. However, molars often exhibit mesial tipping when using clear aligners. The impact of attachments and overcorrection on the molar mesialization with clear aligners is unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of attachments and overcorrection on displacement and biomechanics of the mandibular second molar mesialization.
METHODS: A finite element model with the left mandibular first molar missing was constructed using a volunteer's cone-beam CT and intraoral scan data. The experiment was divided into four groups based on the position of attachments on the left mandibular second molar: without attachment, buccal attachment, lingual attachment, and buccal-lingual attachment, with overcorrection degrees (0°, 1°, 2°, 3°, and 4°) for each group, totaling 20 models. The calculation and analysis of the displacement trends and stress were performed using Abaqus software.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Mesial tipping and intrusion of the molar, distal tipping of the canines and permolars, and linguaing of the incisors occurred during molar mesialization. (2) The displacement of molars increased when attachments were used, with the maximum displacement occurring when buccal-lingual attachments were applied. Molars tended to tip towards the side without attachments when attachments were designed unilaterally. However, the inclination of molars did not decrease when attachments were used. (3) Molars exhibited reduced mesial tipping and intrusion, approaching overall movement, and the stress of periodontal ligament was relieved and more evenly distributed during overcorrection treatment, and this effect became more pronounced with increased degrees of overcorrection. (4) Attachments can enhance the effectiveness of overcorrection, with the best performance observed when buccal-lingual attachments are used. Using attachments and overcorrection together helps control molar mesial tipping and intrusion, but overall molar movement is not achieved.

Key words: clear aligner, finite element, molar, mesialization, attachments, overcorrection

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