中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (21): 4529-4536.doi: 10.12307/2025.199

• 人工假体Artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

巨刺电针联合超前镇痛治疗初次单膝人工关节置换后疼痛

许明岚1, 胡小雪1,沈  军2,向  峥2,张成波2,肖涟波2,3   

  1. 上海中医药大学附属光华医院,1麻醉科,2关节外科,上海市   200052;3上海市中医药研究院中西医结合关节炎研究所,上海市   200052
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-04 接受日期:2024-06-11 出版日期:2025-07-28 发布日期:2024-12-06
  • 通讯作者: 肖涟波,主任医师,博士生导师,上海中医药大学附属光华医院关节外科,上海市 200052;上海市中医药研究院中西医结合关节炎研究所,上海市 200052
  • 作者简介:许明岚,女,1984年生,江苏省苏州市人,汉族,副主任医师,主要从事围术期电针镇痛研究。
  • 基金资助:
    上海市科学技术委员会自然科学基金项目/面上项目(22ZR1453000),项目负责人:沈军;上海市科学技术委员会医学创新研究专项面上项目(22Y11923200),项目负责人:沈军;上海市科学技术委员会医学创新研究专项面上项目(21Y11921500),项目负责人:肖涟波;上海市卫生健康委员会、上海市中医药管理局中医药标准化项目(2023JS03),项目负责人:肖涟波;上海市长宁区卫生健康委员会科研项目(20214Y020),项目负责人:许明岚

Opposing needling acupuncture combined with preemptive analgesia in treatment of pain after initial unilateral total knee arthroplasty

Xu Minglan1, Hu Xiaoxue1, Shen Jun2, Xiang Zheng2, Zhang Chengbo2, Xiao Lianbo2, 3   

  1. 1Department of Anesthesiology, 2Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200052, China; 3Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrated Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200052, China
  • Received:2024-04-04 Accepted:2024-06-11 Online:2025-07-28 Published:2024-12-06
  • Contact: Xiao Lianbo, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200052, China; Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrated Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200052, China
  • About author:Xu Minglan, Associate chief physician, Department of Anesthesiology, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200052, China
  • Supported by:
    Natural Science Foundation Project/General Project of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission, No. 22ZR1453000 (to SJ); Medical Innovation Research Special General Project of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission, No. 22Y11923200 (to SJ); Medical Innovation Research Special General Project of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission, No. 21Y11921500 (to XLB); Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Standardization Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 2023JS03 (to XLB); Shanghai Scientific Research Project of Changning District Health Commission, No. 20214Y020 (to XML) 

摘要:

文题释义

巨刺法:是一种特殊的针刺法,当机体一侧出现病变或疼痛症状时,通过对侧相应部位取穴针刺达到治疗目的的针刺方法,即左右交叉取穴。它能够疏通经络、行气活血、移神住痛,通过针刺健侧肢体,使左右脉气交贯,恢复气血平和、达到阴阳平衡的状态。
超前镇痛:是指在术前通过预防性给予药物或治疗手段,对可能引起的伤害性刺激进行干预,防止损伤性刺激在整个手术过程中传入外周和中枢神经,阻止神经的敏感化,达到减轻术后疼痛的目的。围术期运用超前镇痛可以为患者提供更加安全、舒适的手术体验。

摘要
背景:随着人工生物材料和手术技术的不断更新进步,人工膝关节置换已成为改善膝骨关节炎患者生活质量的首选方式。但是人工膝关节置换后疼痛剧烈,目前尚无较好的治疗措施。电针治疗是缓解疼痛的低成本选择,结合超前镇痛具有广泛应用前景。
目的:观察巨刺电针联合超前镇痛对膝骨关节炎患者初次行单侧人工膝关节置换后镇痛效果的影响。
方法:采用随机对照设计,选择上海市光华中西医结合医院初次行单膝人工关节置换患者120例为研究对象,采用统计软件SPSS 25随机分为3组:超前电针组、术后电针组和假电针组,每组40例。超前电针组在术前1 d、麻醉诱导前30 min、术后1-3 d进行巨刺法电针治疗;术后电针组在术后1-3 d进行相同取穴和参数的治疗,术前1 d、麻醉诱导前30 min行假电针治疗;假电针组取相同穴位参数的5次假电针治疗。比较3组术后患者数字疼痛评分较术前改善情况、术中瑞芬太尼和丙泊酚使用量、患者术后首次使用静脉自控镇痛的时间、术后恶心呕吐例数、术后术侧大腿周径增加率和电针实施盲法成功率。
结果与结论:①与超前电针组比较,术后第4天术后电针组和假电针组静息数字疼痛评分差值明显降低,术后第7天假电针组静息数字疼痛评分差值明显降低(P < 0.05);②与超前电针组比较,术后第4天术后电针组和假电针组运动数字疼痛评分差值明显降低(P < 0.05),术后第7天3组运动数字疼痛评分差值无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③与超前电针组比较,术后电针组和假电针组术中瑞芬太尼用量明显增加(P < 0.05);④与超前电针组比较,术后电针组和假电针组术后首次使用静脉镇痛泵自控镇痛的时间明显缩短(P < 0.05);⑤与超前电针组比较,术后电针组和假电针组术后恶心例数明显增加(P < 0.05);⑥与超前电针组比较,术后第3,7天术后电针组和假电针组大腿周径增加率明显增加
(P < 0.05);与术后电针组比较,术后第3,7天假电针组大腿周径增加率明显增加(P < 0.05);⑦3组患者电针实施盲法成功率比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑧人工膝关节假体具有良好的生物相容性。结果表明:巨刺电针结合超前镇痛可缓解术后急性疼痛,减少术中麻醉药量,延长术后补救镇痛时间,减轻术后不良反应,降低术后大腿周径增加率。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 超前镇痛, 巨刺电针, 人工膝关节置换, 骨关节炎, 术后急性疼痛

Abstract: BACKGROUND: With the continuous improvement of artificial biological materials and surgical techniques, total knee arthroplasty has become the preferred way to improve the quality of life of patients with knee osteoarthritis. However, patients with knee osteoarthritis have severe pain after knee arthroplasty, and there is no good treatment at present. Electroacupuncture therapy is a low-cost option for pain relief and has wide application prospects in combination with preemptive analgesia. 
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of opposing needling acupuncture with preemptive analgesia on postoperative analgesia after initial unilateral total knee arthroplasty in patients with knee osteoarthritis. 
METHODS: Using a randomized controlled design, 120 participants were selected from Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine. All of them received the initial unilateral total knee arthroplasty. The patients were divided into three groups by using the statistical software SPSS 25: pre-electroacupuncture group, post-electroacupuncture group, and sham group, with 40 patients in each group. In pre-electroacupuncture group, opposing needling acupuncture was performed 1 day before operation, 30 minutes before anesthesia induction, and 1-3 days after operation. In post-electroacupuncture group, opposing needling acupuncture was performed with the same acupoints and parameters 1-3 days after operation, thus the sham electroacupuncture was performed 1 day before operation and 30 minutes before anesthesia induction. The sham group was treated with the same acupuncture point parameters with five times of sham electroacupuncture. The improvement of numerical rating scale after operation, the consumption of remifentanil and propofol used during operation, the time when patient first used the patient-controlled analgesia, the number of postoperative nausea and vomiting, the increase rate of thigh circumference, and the success rate of blind method were compared among the three groups. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the pre-electroacupuncture group, the improvement of numerical rating scale at rest between post-electroacupuncture group and sham group on day 4 after operation was significantly reduced; the improvement of numerical rating scale at rest in sham group on day 7 after operation was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). (2) Compared with the pre-electroacupuncture group, the improvement of numerical rating scale score between post-electroacupuncture group and sham group on day 4 after operation was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), and the improvement of numerical rating scale with movement on day 7 after operation was not significant among the three groups (P > 0.05). (3) Compared with the pre-electroacupuncture group, the remifentanil consumption was significantly increased in post-electroacupuncture group and sham group (P < 0.05). (4) Compared with the pre-electroacupuncture group, the first time used the patient-controlled analgesia pump was significantly shortened in post-electroacupuncture group and sham group (P < 0.05). (5) Compared with the pre-electroacupuncture group, the number of postoperative nausea was increased in post-electroacupuncture group and sham group (P < 0.05). (6) Compared with the pre-electroacupuncture group, the increase rate of thigh circumference in post-electroacupuncture group and sham group was significantly increased on day 3 and day 7 after operation (P < 0.05). Compared with the post-electroacupuncture group, the increase rate of thigh circumference in sham group was significantly increased on day 3 and day 7 after operation (P < 0.05). (7) There was no significant difference in the success rate of blind method among the three groups (P > 0.05). (8) The artificial knee prosthesis has good biocompatibility. To conclude, opposing needling acupuncture with preemptive analgesia can relieve acute pain after total knee arthroplasty, reduce the consumption of intraoperative anesthesia, prolong the time of postoperative analgesia, alleviate postoperative adverse reactions, and reduce the increase rate of thigh circumference. 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: preemptive analgesia, opposing needling acupuncture, total knee arthroplasty, osteoarthritis, postoperative acute pain

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