中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (18): 3856-3867.doi: 10.12307/2025.667

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

女贞子活性成分防治骨质疏松症的分子机制

王文驰1,2,夏  天2,武瑞骐1,2,梁浩瀚3,倪振扬1,2,章震浩1,2,李振兴4,陈广辉4,苏  晗4   

  1. 1广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院,广西壮族自治区南宁市  530000;2广西中医药大学,广西壮族自治区南宁市  530000;3皖南医学院附属太和医院,安徽省阜阳市  236600;4广西中医药大学第一附属医院,广西壮族自治区南宁市  530000
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-16 接受日期:2024-08-28 出版日期:2025-06-28 发布日期:2024-11-28
  • 通讯作者: 李振兴,男,副主任医师,副教授,硕士生导师,广西中医药大学第一附属医院,广西壮族自治区南宁市 530000
  • 作者简介:王文驰,男,1995年生,江西省九江市人,汉族,广西中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事脊柱、骨关节创伤性疾病防治研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广西医疗卫生适宜技术开发与推广应用项目(S2022053);广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2021KY0302);广西高水平中医药重点学科建设项目(2024016-02-04);广西中医药重点研究室建设项目-广西中医药经筋康复重点研究室(2024019-03);广西中医药重点培育学科建设项目(GZXK-Z-20-32);广西中医药大学高层次人才队伍建设项目-高层次人才培育创新团队(2022A006);2024年广西第七批全国老中医药专家学术经验继承工作项目,项目负责人:夏天;2024年广西中医药适宜技术开发与推广项目(GZSY22-39),项目负责人:夏天;2023年广西中医药大学博士科研启动基金项目(2023BS018),项目负责人:夏天

Molecular mechanism of active ingredients of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus against osteoporosis 

Wang Wenchi1, 2, Xia Tian2, Wu Ruiqi1, 2, Liang Haohan3, Ni Zhenyang1, 2, Zhang Zhenhao1, 2, Li Zhenxing4, Chen Guanghui4, Su Han4     

  1. 1Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 2Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 3Taihe Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Fuyang 236600, Anhui Province, China; 4First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2024-07-16 Accepted:2024-08-28 Online:2025-06-28 Published:2024-11-28
  • Contact: Li Zhenxing, Associate chief physician, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Wang Wenchi, Master candidate, Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    Guangxi Medical and Healthcare Appropriate Technology Development and Popularization and Application Project, No. S2022053; Guangxi Universities and Colleges Young and Middle-aged Teachers’ Scientific Research Basic Ability Enhancement Project, No. 2021KY0302; Guangxi High-level Chinese Medicine Key Discipline Construction Project, No. 2024016-02-04; Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Research Laboratory Construction Project - Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Meridian and Tendon Rehabilitation Key Research Laboratory, No. 2024019-03; Guangxi Key Cultivation Discipline Construction Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. GZXK-Z-20-32; Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine High-level Talent Team Construction Project - High-level Talent Cultivation Innovative Team, No. 2022A006; Guangxi Seventh Batch of National Old Chinese Medicine Experts Academic Experience Inheritance Work Project in 2024 (to XT); 2024 Guangxi Chinese Medicine Appropriate Technology Development and Promotion Project, No. GZSY22-39 (to XT); 2023 Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Doctoral Research Initiation Fund Project, No. 2023BS018 (to XT) 

摘要:


文题释义:
女贞子:为中国传统中药,是木犀科女贞属植物女贞的干燥果实,具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗炎、抗骨质疏松症、免疫调节、降血糖及降血脂等多种药理活性。
骨质疏松症:是一种主要表现为骨密度下降和骨组织微观结构损伤的疾病,其特征是骨量在全身范围内的损失以及骨微观结构的显著变化。

背景:目前,中医药已被证实在抗骨质疏松方面具有显著作用,女贞子活性成分的抗骨质疏松有效性及作用机制逐渐得到学者们的关注。
目的:分析总结女贞子活性成分在体内外发挥抗骨质疏松方面的研究进展。
方法:检索中国知网及PubMed数据库收录的相关文献,中文检索词为“骨质疏松症,骨髓间充质干细胞,成骨细胞,破骨细胞,女贞子,信号通路”;英文检索词为“Osteoporosis,Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,Osteoblast,Osteoclast,Ligustri Lucidi Fructus,Signal path”,并根据研究需要确立相应的标准,对所得文献进行筛选,最终纳入82篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:女贞子活性成分在体内外发挥抗骨质疏松作用主要涉及以下几种重要成分:①红景天苷通过抑制骨硬化蛋白(SOST)和Dickkopf相关蛋白1(Dkk1)的表达,激活了Wnt/β-catenin信号通路,该激活过程增强了去卵巢大鼠和原代成骨细胞中磷酸化低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白6(p-LRP6)的表达,同时降低了糖原合酶激酶3β的表达。进一步地,红景天苷促进了细胞核内β-catenin、特异性转录因子2 (Runx2)和骨髓细胞瘤病毒癌基因(c-Myc)的表达,从而促进了成骨细胞的骨形成能力。红景天苷可直接作用于成骨细胞,促进骨形成,为骨质疏松症的治疗提供了新的策略。②橄榄苦苷显著提高了SD大鼠的骨密度,并通过降低终末白细胞介素6和碱性磷酸酶浓度来调节骨代谢。体外实验表明,橄榄苦苷促进了成骨细胞的增殖,并上调了骨保护素蛋白和mRNA的表达,同时抑制了核转录因子κB受体活化因子配体(receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand,RANKL)蛋白和mRNA的表达。这一作用机制与调节骨保护素/RANKL系统的平衡密切相关,展现出能提高骨密度,又能通过调节骨代谢相关因子来维护骨骼健康的优势,但对Ca2+浓度无显著影响,可能限制了其在某些特定骨质疏松类型中的应用。③松果菊苷通过降低磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase,PI3K)的表达、减少蛋白激酶B(protein kinase B,Akt)的磷酸化程度和破骨特殊标记蛋白(c-Fos)的表达,有效抑制了破骨细胞中PI3K/Akt/c-Fos通路的激活。这一抑制作用降低了破骨细胞的增殖和成熟能力,从而有助于减少骨吸收,其优势能直接针对破骨细胞进行干预,为骨质疏松症的治疗提供了新的靶点,但是目前对破骨细胞的具体调控机制尚需深入研究,且其长期效果和安全性需进一步评估。④女贞子活性成分在骨质疏松方面展现出良好的治疗效果,但其作用机制复杂,涉及多个基因、蛋白和信号通路的相互作用,未来需开展大规模的临床试验以验证其有效性和安全性,同时需要进一步探索女贞子活性成分与其他药物的联合应用策略,以期获得更好的治疗效果。
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9547-9797(王文驰);https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4841-5395(李振兴)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 女贞子, 骨质疏松症, 氧化应激, 骨吸收, 成骨分化, 信号通路, 发病机制, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND:  Traditional Chinese medicine has been proved to have a significant role in anti-osteoporosis, and the effectiveness and mechanism of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus and its the active ingredients against osteoporosis have gradually gained the attention of scholars.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze and summarize the research progress of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus and its active ingredients against osteoporosis in vitro and in vivo.
METHODS: We searched the relevant literature included in CNKI and PubMed databases using the search terms of “Osteoporosis, Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, Osteoblast, Osteoclast, Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, Signal path” in Chinese and English, respectively. According to the needs of the research, we established the corresponding criteria and screened the literature. A total of 82 papers were included in the final review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The active ingredients of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus that exert anti-osteoporotic effects in vitro and in vivo mainly involve the following: Salidroside activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by inhibiting the expression of Sclerostin and Dickkopf-related protein 1. This activation process enhances the expression of phosphorylated low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 in ovariectomized rats and primary osteoblasts, while decreasing the expression of glycogen synthase kinase 3β. Further, it promotes the expression of β-catenin, runt-related transcription factor 2 and cellular myelocytomatosis oncogene in the nucleus, thereby promoting the bone formation capacity of osteoblasts. The advantage is that it acts directly on osteoblasts to promote bone formation, which provides a new strategy for the treatment of osteoporosis. (2) Olive bittersweet significantly increases bone mineral density and regulates bone metabolism by decreasing terminal interleukin-6 and alkaline phosphatase concentrations in Sprague-Dawley rats. In vitro experiments showed that olive bittersweet promotes the proliferation of osteoblasts and up-regulates the protein and mRNA expression of osteoprotegerin, while inhibiting the protein and mRNA expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand. This mechanism of action is closely related to the regulation of the balance of the osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand system, demonstrating the advantage of increasing bone mineral density and maintaining bone health by regulating factors related to bone metabolism, but there is no significant effect on Ca2+ concentration, which may limit its use in some specific types of osteoporosis. (3) By decreasing the expression of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase, reducing the phosphorylation of protein kinase B and the expression of osteoclast-specific marker protein c-Fos, pineconiferin effectively inhibits the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B/c-Fos pathway in osteoclasts. This inhibition reduces the proliferation and maturation of osteoclasts, which can help to reduce bone resorption. The advantage of this inhibition is that it can directly target osteoclasts, which provides a new target for osteoporosis treatment. However, the specific regulatory mechanism of osteoclasts needs to be studied in depth, and its long-term effect and safety need to be further evaluated. (4) The active ingredients of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus have shown good therapeutic effects on osteoporosis, but their mechanism of action is complex, involving the interaction of multiple genes, proteins and signaling pathways. In the future, large-scale clinical trials need to be carried out to verify its effectiveness and safety, and the strategy of combining the active ingredients of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus with other drugs needs to be further explored in order to obtain better therapeutic effects. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

Key words:  Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, osteoporosis, oxidative stress, bone resorption, osteogenic differentiation, signaling pathway, pathogenesis, review

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