中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 1101-1107.doi: 10.12307/2025.270

• 组织构建与生物力学 tissue construction and biomechanics •    下一篇

人工和天然草地对青年女性跳跃落地时下肢生物力学表现的影响

芦劼明,李亚静,杜培洁,徐冬青   

  1. 天津体育学院运动健康学院,天津市  301617


  • 收稿日期:2024-02-08 接受日期:2024-04-03 出版日期:2025-02-28 发布日期:2024-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 徐冬青,哲学博士,教授,天津体育学院运动健康学院,天津市 301617
  • 作者简介:芦劼明,男,1990年生,天津市人,汉族,2016年天津体育学院毕业,理学硕士,助理研究员,主要从事运动损伤预防与康复相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    天津市研究生科研创新项目(2020YJSB103),项目负责人:芦劼明

Effects of artificial turf versus natural grass on biomechanical performance of the lower limbs in young females during jump-landing

Lu Jieming, Li Yajing, Du Peijie, Xu Dongqing   

  1. Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China

  • Received:2024-02-08 Accepted:2024-04-03 Online:2025-02-28 Published:2024-06-20
  • Contact: Xu Dongqing, PhD, Professor, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China
  • About author:Lu Jieming, Master, Assistant researcher, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China
  • Supported by:
    Graduate Student Research and Innovation Program of Tianjin, No. 2020YJSB103 (to LJM)

摘要:




文题释义:
非接触性前交叉韧带损伤:根据损伤时的状态将前交叉韧带损伤划分为接触性损伤和非接触性损伤。非接触性前交叉韧带损伤的常见损伤动作有3种,包括跳跃后着地、行进中突然制动、突然变向伴随膝关节扭转,与此同时,在膝微曲(5°-25°),处于外翻位,在这种情况下,前交叉韧带更易损伤。
跳跃落地:是体育运动中常见的动作之一,其落地过程中若出现异常的关节运动学、动力学等异常改变往往提示运动损伤风险的增高。

背景:研究发现运动者解剖结构、激素水平、神经肌肉功能等内部因素与前交叉韧带损伤风险密切相关,而运动场地材质等外部因素也成为影响非接触性前交叉韧带损伤发生的危险因素之一,但目前研究中对其关注度相对不足。
目的:探讨人工草地和天然草地对青年女性跳跃落地时下肢生物力学表现影响。
方法:根据测试需要将符合GB/T 20033.3-2006以及GB/T 19995.1-2005标准的人工草地和天然草地平整固定于2块三维测力台上。21名青年女性自愿受试者分别在人工草地和天然草地完成跳跃落地任务。受试者站立于台阶上随后向前跳跃,跳落至测力台后立即全力纵跳并再次落至测力台上,2次落地均要求双脚分别落至2块测力台上,整个跳跃动作流畅无停顿视为成功。同步采集下肢落地过程中运动学、动力学及肌电数据,比较分析二者差异。
结果与结论:①动力学方面,在天然草地进行跳跃落地任务时初始触地时刻后向地面反作用力、纵向地面反作用力显著低于在人工草地时(P < 0.05;P < 0.01);峰值地面反作用力时刻二者亦显著低于在人工草地时(P < 0.05;P < 0.05),且表现出更高的膝关节屈曲力矩(P < 0.01)。②肌电方面,在天然草地进行跳跃落地任务时初始触地时刻后100 ms内股内侧肌、股外侧肌、胫骨前肌肌电活动水平显著低于在人工草地时(P < 0.05;P < 0.01;P < 0.05)。③结果说明,在人工草地进行跳跃落地任务时较天然草地时会出现使前交叉韧带张力升高的生物力学表现。
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5321-5430(芦劼明)


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词:

人工草地, 天然草地, 跳跃落地, 生物力学, 青年女性

Abstract:
BACKGROUND:
It has been found that internal factors such as anatomical structure, hormone level and neuromuscular function of athletes are closely related to the risk of anterior cruciate ligament injuries, and external factors such as the material of the playing field also become one of the risk factors affecting the occurrence of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injuries, but they are relatively under-attended in the current studies.
OBJECTIVE: To explore effects of artificial turf versus natural grass on the biomechanical performance of the lower limbs in young females during jump-landing.
METHODS: According to the test needs, artificial turf and natural grass in accordance with the standards of GB/T 20033.3-2006 and GB/T 19995.1-2005 were leveled and fixed on two three-dimensional force measuring platforms. Twenty-one young females were voluntarily recruited and completed the jump-landing task on the artificial turf and natural grass. Subjects stood on the steps and then jumped forward, jumped down to the force measuring platform and immediately jumped with full force to the force measuring platform again. The two landings were required to fall to the two force measuring platforms, and the whole jumping action was considered successful without any pause. The kinematic, kinetic and electromyographic data of the lower limbs during the landing process were collected synchronously to compare and analyze the differences between the two.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In terms of kinetics, posterior and vertical ground reaction force at the initial landing moment during jump-landing on the natural grass were significantly lower than those on the artificial turf (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), as well as at the peak ground reaction force moment (P < 0.05, P < 0.05). Additionally, the knee flexion moment when jump-landing on the natural grass was higher than that on the artificial turf (P < 0.01). In terms of electromyography, within 100 ms after the initial landing moment, the electromyography activity levels of medial femoris muscle, lateral femoris muscle and anterior tibialis muscle when jump-landing on the natural grass were significantly lower than those on the artificial turf (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.05). To conclude, compared with the natural grass, jump-landing on the artificial turf leads to an change in biomechanical performance that will cause an increase in anterior cruciate ligament tension.


Key words: artificial turf, natural grass, jump landing, biomechanics, young females

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