中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (16): 2500-2504.doi: 10.12307/2024.328

• 软骨组织构建 cartilage tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

BMP/Smad信号通路与先天性马蹄内翻足模型大鼠足踝部的软骨发育

常  宇1,李  慧1,张天水1,王春雨1,于  丽1,武子媚2,李  玟2,王正东3   

  1. 沈阳医学院,1基础医学院,2研究生院,3解剖学教研室,辽宁省沈阳市  110034
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-01 接受日期:2023-05-25 出版日期:2024-06-08 发布日期:2023-07-29
  • 通讯作者: 王正东,博士,教授,沈阳医学院解剖学教研室,辽宁省沈阳市 110034
  • 作者简介:常宇,女,2001年生,辽宁省丹东市人,汉族,2019级在读本科生。
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省大学生创新创业训练计划(S202110164003),项目负责人:常宇

Bone morphogenetic protein/Smad signaling pathway involved in chondrodysplasia in the ankle of a rat congenital clubfoot model

Chang Yu1, Li Hui1, Zhang Tianshui1, Wang Chunyu1, Yu Li1, Wu Zimei2, Li Wen2, Wang Zhengdong3   

  1. 1Basic Medical School, 2Postgraduate School, 3Department of Anatomy, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2023-04-01 Accepted:2023-05-25 Online:2024-06-08 Published:2023-07-29
  • Contact: Wang Zhengdong, MD, Professor, Department of Anatomy, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Chang Yu, Basic Medical School, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Liaoning College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program, No. S202110164003 (to CY)

摘要:


文题释义:

骨形态发生蛋白(bone morphogenetic proteins,BMP):一种存在于骨基质中的酸性糖蛋白,属于转化生长因子超家族,作用于未分化且具有成骨潜能的间充质细胞表面,可以促进骨功能细胞分泌骨胶原、骨基质、细胞因子和酶类,启动骨形成过程。
先天性马蹄内翻足:是常见的先天性足畸形。由足下垂、内翻、内收3个主要畸形综合而成。以后足马蹄,内翻、内旋,前足内收、内翻、高弓为主要表现的畸形疾病。男性发病较多,可为单侧发病,也可双侧,病因尚不清楚。


背景:先天性马蹄内翻足主要表现为骨本身异常及软骨发育异常,BMP/Smad信号通路可以指导胚胎期骨和软骨的发育,但其在马蹄内翻足病因领域发挥的作用尚无动物实验证实。

目的:探讨BMP/Smad信号通路参与调控先天性马蹄内翻足模型大鼠足踝部软骨发育异常的机制。
方法:将生长状况相同的孕10 d的SD大鼠随机分为实验组和对照组。实验组采用135 mg/kg维甲酸灌胃制作马蹄内翻足模型,对照组采用等量植物油灌胃;孕21 d后剖腹取出胎鼠,实验组孕鼠产下胎鼠41只中出现马蹄足畸形27 只,畸型率65.9%;对照组获得胎鼠36 只,均未出现畸形。分离胎鼠足踝部组织进行苏木精-伊红染色,并采用Western blot、RT-qPCR、免疫组化检测BMP/Smad信号通路核心蛋白Smad5、P-Smad5、通路下游蛋白SP7以及Sox9的表达水平。

结果与结论:①与对照组相比,苏木精-伊红染色可见实验组大鼠足踝部组织中软骨基质增多,骨间缝隙增大;②免疫组化显示实验组Smad5与SP7表达水平下降,而Sox9基因表达增高;③RT-qPCR结果显示实验组大鼠足踝部组织中Smad5、SP7的mRNA表达水平下降,Sox9 mRNA表达水平升高;④Western blot结果显示实验组大鼠足踝部软骨组织中P-Smad5/Smad5及SP7表达降低,Sox9表达升高;⑤结果说明,先天性马蹄内翻足模型大鼠足踝部软骨异常的发生与BMP/Smad信号通路传导障碍有关。

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7835-3605(常宇)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 先天性马蹄内翻足, BMP/Smad信号通路, Smad5, P-Smad5, SP7

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Congenital clubfoot mainly manifests as abnormal bone itself and abnormal cartilage development. The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic protein (Smad) signaling pathway can direct the development of bone and cartilage during embryonic period, but its role in the field of clubfoot etiology has not been confirmed in animal experiments.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism by which the BMP/Smad signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of foot and ankle chondroplasia in a rat congenital clubfoot model. 
METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats at 10 days of gestation with the same growth condition were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group was intragastrically given 135 mg/kg retinoic acid to make the clubfoot model, while the control group was given the same amount of vegetable oil. The fetal rats were taken out after 21 days of gestation by cesarean section. In the experimental group, the 27 of 41 fetal rats had clubfoot, with a deformity rate of 65.9%; in the control group, no clubfoot was observed in all the 36 fetuses. The ankles tissues of the rats were collected for hematoxylin-eosin staining. Western blot assay, RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect the expression levels of Smad5 and P-Smad5, the core proteins of the BMP/Smad signaling pathway, as well as SP7 and Sox9, the downstream proteins of the BMP/Smad signaling pathway.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the cartilage matrix in the foot and ankle tissues increased and the gap between the bones increased in the experimental group. Immunohistochemical findings showed that the expression levels of Smad5 and SP7 decreased in the experimental group, while the mRNA expression of Sox9 increased. RT-qPCR results showed that the mRNA expression of Smad5 and SP7 decreased, while the mRNA expression of Sox9 increased in the foot and ankle tissues of rats in the experimental group. Western blot results showed that P-Smad5/Smad5 expression and SP7 expression were decreased and Sox9 expression was increased in the ankle of rats in the experimental group. To conclude, the occurrence of cartilage abnormalities in the foot and ankle of the rat model of congenital clubfoot is associated with impaired transmission of the BMP/Smad signaling pathway. 

Key words: congenital clubfoot, BMP/Smad signaling pathway, Smad5, P-Smad5, SP7

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