中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (21): 3381-3388.doi: 10.12307/2022.648

• 组织工程骨材料Tissue-engineered bone • 上一篇    下一篇

新型骨水泥螺钉与传统方式治疗Kummell病的生物力学分析

詹  乙1,2,康  鑫1,王宇航1,张海平1,何思敏1,孙宏慧1,郝定均1,王  彪1   

  1. 1西安交通大学附属红会医院,陕西省西安市    710054;2 陕西中医药大学,陕西省西安市    712046
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-20 接受日期:2021-09-16 出版日期:2022-07-28 发布日期:2022-01-27
  • 通讯作者: 王彪,博士,副主任医师,西安交通大学附属红会医院脊柱外科,陕西省西安市 710054
  • 作者简介:詹乙,男,1997年生,江西省上饶市人,汉族,陕西中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事脊柱外科研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81802167),项目负责人:王彪;陕西省重点研发计划(2020GXLH-Y-003),项目负责人:王彪;陕西省重点研发计划(2020SFY-095),项目负责人:何思敏

Biomechanical properties of a novel bone cement screw and traditional methods for Kummell’s disease

Zhan Yi1, 2, Kang Xin1, Wang Yuhang1, Zhang Haiping1, He Simin1, Sun Honghui1, Hao Dingjun1, Wang Biao1   

  1. 1Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China; 2Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Received:2021-07-20 Accepted:2021-09-16 Online:2022-07-28 Published:2022-01-27
  • Contact: Wang Biao, MD, Associate chief physician, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
  • About author:Zhan Yi, Master candidate, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China; Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81802167 (to WB); Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province, No. 2020GXLH-Y-003 (to WB); Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province, No. 2020SFY-095 (to HSM)

摘要:

文题释义:
Kummell病:是一种特殊类型的骨质疏松性椎体骨折,于1891年被德国医生KUMMELL首次报道,并以其名字命名至今,亦称作迟发性椎体骨折后骨坏死。该疾病主要表现为脊柱椎体轻微创伤后,经过几周至几个月的无症状期后,患者无再次外伤史同一部位出现疼痛且症状逐渐加重,发生迟发性的椎体塌陷骨折,晚期患者出现脊柱后凸畸形甚至合并神经损害症状。
三维有限元:是指将收集到的CT数据或核磁数据资料导入到Mimics图像处理软件中读取图像,分别提取病变部位及邻近正常部位的数据,然后分割出各自的三维几何进行重建,再导入到3-matic进行光滑处理、表面拟合、包覆等处理后,利用3-matic重建出骨、椎间盘、韧带等模型。最后将各模型导入Geomagic中,将模型实体化之后导出。到Ansys workbench 软件中进行网格划分、材料属性定义与赋值、约束条件的界定等处理后,再对模型进行有限元分析。

背景:Kummell病用普通的骨水泥填充方式治疗时可能发生骨水泥移位这种严重的并发症。
目的:应用三维有限元法分析新型骨水泥螺钉系统与椎体成形及椎体成形联合椎弓根成形治疗Kummell病的生物力学性能。
方法:将收集到的Kummell病患者CT数据资料导入到Mimics图像处理软件中读取图像,建立T12、L1、L2椎体3节段三维有限元模型(L1为患病节段),利用Creo软件重建出新型骨水泥螺钉模型。对Kummell病三维有限元模型进行5种方案的修复治疗:单侧新型骨水泥螺钉置入、双侧新型骨水泥螺钉置入、椎体成形联合单侧椎弓根成形、椎体成形联合双侧椎弓根成形、单纯椎体成形,分析前屈、后伸、左屈、右屈、旋转工况下T12下终板最大等效应力、骨水泥最大等效应力、骨水泥相对位移及骨水泥的稳定性。
结果与结论:①不同方案下T12下终板受力分布变化不大,椎体成形联合单侧和双侧椎弓根成形组在不同工况下的最大等效应力值均较大,其余3组最大等效应力值较小;②单纯椎体成形组骨水泥最大等效应力值明显大于其他4种方案,而且应力分布不均匀;③单纯椎体成形组大多数工况下的骨水泥相对位移最大,其余方案在不同工况下的骨水泥相对位移不同,单侧和双侧新型骨水泥螺钉组在前屈、后伸和侧屈工况下的骨水泥相对位移较小,在旋转工况下单侧和双侧新型骨水泥螺钉组及椎体成形联合单侧和双侧椎弓根成形组骨水泥相对位移无明显差别;④单侧和双侧新型骨水泥螺钉组骨水泥位移载荷比大于其他方案;⑤结果表明对于Kummell病,使用新型骨水泥螺钉治疗会具有更稳定的结构,能够有效避免骨水泥移位的产生,但需临床证实其在Kummell病治疗中的实用性。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6595-7469 (詹乙) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: Kummell病, 新型骨水泥螺钉, 胸腰椎, 有限元分析, 内固定, 生物力学

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The serious complication of bone cement displacement is easy to occur when Kummell’s disease is treated with common bone cement filling method.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the biomechanical properties of the novel bone cement screw system, percutaneous vertebroplasty and percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with percutaneous pediculoplasty in treatment of Kummell’s disease with three-dimensional finite element method.
METHODS: The collected CT data in Kummell’s disease patients were imported into Mimics image processing software to read the images. A three-segment three-dimensional finite element model of T12, L1, and L2 vertebrae was established (L1 was the diseased segment), and a novel cement screw model was reconstructed with Creo software. The three-dimensional finite element model of Kummell’s disease was repaired and treated with five options: novel unilateral cement screw placement, novel bilateral cement screw placement, percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with unilateral percutaneous pediculoplasty, and percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with bilateral percutaneous pediculoplasty, and pure percutaneous vertebroplasty. Maximum equivalent stress of T12 inferior endplate, maximum Von-Mises of bone cement, relative displacement of bone cement, and stability of bone cement under flexion, extension, left flexion, right flexion, and rotation conditions were analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There was little change in the stress distribution of the inferior endplate of T12 under different schemes, and the maximum Von-Mises of inferior endplate of T12 of percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with unilateral and bilateral percutaneous pediculoplasty group was larger under different working conditions. The maximum Von-Mises of inferior endplate of T12 of other groups was smaller. (2) The maximum Von-Mises of bone cement of percutaneous vertebroplasty group was obviously larger than that of the other four schemes, and its stress distribution was not uniform. (3) The bone cement displacement of percutaneous vertebroplasty group was the largest under most working conditions, and the relative displacement of the bone cement in the other schemes was different under different working conditions. The relative displacement of the bone cement in the novel unilateral and bilateral cement screw groups was small under flexion, extension and lateral flexion. Under the rotation, there was no significant difference in the relative displacement of the bone cement between the novel unilateral and bilateral cement screw group and the percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with unilateral and bilateral percutaneous pediculoplasty group. (4) The cement displacement load ratio of novel unilateral and bilateral bone cement screw group was higher than those of other schemes. (5) Results showed that for the treatment of Kummell’s disease, the use of a novel bone cement screw treatment will have a more stable structure, can effectively avoid bone cement displacement. However, this study requires clinical confirmation of its practicability in the treatment of Kummell’s disease.

Key words: Kummell’s disease, novel bone cement screw, thoracolumbar vertebrae, finite element analysis, internal fixation, biomechanics

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