中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (20): 3152-3157.doi: 10.12307/2022.613

• 骨组织构建 bone tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

淀粉样蛋白β异常表达对骨代谢的影响

李芳瑜,夏文芳,崔  舜   

  1. 华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院,湖北省武汉市  430000
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-24 接受日期:2021-03-03 出版日期:2022-07-18 发布日期:2022-01-18
  • 通讯作者: 崔舜,博士,副教授,华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院,湖北省武汉市 430000
  • 作者简介:李芳瑜,女,1995年生,福建省龙海市人,汉族,2019年安徽医科大学毕业,主要从事骨代谢、慢性炎症性疾病、骨关节炎方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81671560),项目负责人:崔舜

Abnormally expressed beta-amyloid affects bone metabolism

Li Fangyu, Xia Wenfang, Cui Shun   

  1. Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
  • Received:2020-12-24 Accepted:2021-03-03 Online:2022-07-18 Published:2022-01-18
  • Contact: Cui Shun, MD, Associate professor, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
  • About author:Li Fangyu, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81671560 (to CS)

摘要:

文题释义:
淀粉样蛋白β:是由淀粉样前体蛋白经β-分泌酶和γ-分泌酶的蛋白水解作用而产生的致病性淀粉样蛋白,可存在于不同的组织、器官。淀粉样蛋白在细胞外组织发生聚集沉积从而导致的疾病称为淀粉样变,在组织内聚集可形成淀粉样蛋白斑块。
β-分泌酶1:又称为淀粉蛋白前β-分解酶1,是一种天冬氨酰蛋白酶,是裂解淀粉样前体蛋白产生淀粉样蛋白β的限速酶,抑制β-分泌酶1被认为是潜在治疗阿尔茨海默症最有希望的治疗方法之一。敲除β-分泌酶1基因几乎可完全消除野生型小鼠模型产生的淀粉样蛋白β。

背景:淀粉样蛋白β在人体组织中广泛存在,它的异常表达与阿尔茨海默症、骨质疏松等多种慢性炎症性疾病密切相关。研究表明淀粉样蛋白β在人椎骨和股骨中沉积并引起骨质破坏,但关于淀粉样蛋白β低表达对骨代谢的影响尚不清楚。
目的:探讨淀粉样蛋白过表达及低表达对小鼠骨代谢的影响。
方法:纳入12月龄淀粉样蛋白β过表达的APPswe+/+转基因小鼠(APPswe+/+组)、淀粉样蛋白β低表达的β-分泌酶1基因敲除小鼠(BACE-/-组)和野生型小鼠(野生型组)。刚果红染色观察淀粉样蛋白在骨组织中的沉积;免疫组织化学染色检测淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白在骨组织的分布,Micro-CT研究整体骨结构差异性;碱性磷酸酶染色和抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色,分析骨形成及骨吸收的差异性。
结果与结论:①与野生型组相比,APPswe+/+组小鼠松质骨和致密骨淀粉样蛋白β沉积增多,BACE-/-组小鼠松质骨和致密骨淀粉样蛋白β沉积减少(P < 0.05);②淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白在APPswe+/+组和BACE-/-组小鼠的松质骨表达增多;③与野生型组相比,APPswe+/+组和BACE-/-组小鼠骨小梁的骨量和骨小梁厚度减少,骨小梁变细、稀疏、排列紊乱或断裂;骨形成异常,破骨细胞活性增强 (P < 0.05);④淀粉样蛋白β过表达或低表达均可引起骨代谢紊乱,导致骨质流失;β-分泌酶1基因敲除导致淀粉样蛋白β异常低表达,影响淀粉样前体蛋白在骨中的表达,导致骨代谢异常。
缩略语:淀粉样前体蛋白:amyloid precursor protein,APP;β-分泌酶1:beta-secretase cleaving enzyme-1,BACE-1;抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶:tartrate resistant acid phosphatase,TRAP

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3274-8366 (李芳瑜) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 淀粉样蛋白β, 骨代谢, β-分泌酶1, 淀粉样前体蛋白, 骨质破坏

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Amyloid β exists widely in human tissues, and its abnormal expression is closely related to various chronic inflammatory diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and osteoporosis. Studies have shown that amyloid β deposits in human vertebrae and femur and then causes bone destruction. However, the effect of low expression of amyloid β on bone metabolism remains unclear.  
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of overexpression and low expression of amyloid β on bone metabolism in mice.
METHODS: There were three groups: an APPswe+/+ group with APPswe+/+ transgenic mice aged 12 months with overexpression of amyloid β, a BACE-/- group with β-secretase cleaving enzyme-1 gene knockout mice with low expression of amyloid β, and a wild type group with wild type mice. Amyloid β deposition in bone tissue was observed by Congo red staining. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the distribution of amyloid precursor protein in bone tissue, and micro-computed tomography was used to study the difference of overall bone structure. Alkaline phosphatase staining and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining were used to analyze the differences between bone formation and bone resorption.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the wild type group, amyloid β deposition of cancellous bone and compact bone was increased in the APPswe+/+ group, and decreased in the BACE-/- group (P < 0.05). Compared with the wild type group, the expression of amyloid precursor protein in mouse cancellous bone was increased in the APPswe+/+ and BACE-/- groups. Compared with the wild type group, the bone mass and thickness of trabecular bone were decreased, and trabecular bone became thinner, sparse, disordered or fractured in the APPswe+/+ and BACE-/- groups. There was also abnormal bone formation and enhanced activity of osteoclasts in the APPswe+/+ and BACE-/- groups  (P < 0.05). To conclude, overexpression or low expression of amyloid β can cause bone metabolism disorder and lead to bone loss. Abnormal lower expression of amyloid β caused by β-secretase cleaving enzyme-1 gene knockout can affect the expression of amyloid precursor protein in bone, and lead to an abnormal bone metabolism. 

Key words: amyloid β, bone metabolism, β-secretase cleaving enzyme-1, amyloid precursor protein, bone destruction

中图分类号: