中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (27): 4265-4271.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2795

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics •    下一篇

钉道强化股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗老年A3.3型股骨转子间骨折的有限元分析

陈心敏1,罗斯嘉2,夏卓伟2,林梓凌3,郑利钦1,李木生1    

  1. 1广州中医药大学第一临床医学院,广东省广州市  510405;2丰城市中医院骨科,江西省丰城市  331100;3广州中医药大学第一附属医院创伤骨科,广东省广州市  510405

  • 收稿日期:2019-12-23 修回日期:2019-12-28 接受日期:2020-02-26 出版日期:2020-09-28 发布日期:2020-09-05
  • 通讯作者: 林梓凌,博士,主任医师,教授,硕士生导师,广州中医药大学第一附属医院创伤骨科,广东省广州市 510405
  • 作者简介:陈心敏,男,1992年生,江西省赣州市人,汉族,2019年广州中医药大学毕业,硕士,主要从事骨与关节损伤的生物力学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(81673996)

Bone cement augmented proximal femoral nail antirotation for type A3.3 intertrochanteric femoral fractures in elderly: a finite element analysis

Chen Xinmin1, Luo Sijia2, Xia Zhuowei2, Lin Ziling3, Zheng Liqin1, Li Musheng1   

  1. 1First Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Fengcheng Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fengcheng 331100, Jiangxi Province, China; 3Department of Orthopedic Trauma, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China

  • Received:2019-12-23 Revised:2019-12-28 Accepted:2020-02-26 Online:2020-09-28 Published:2020-09-05
  • Contact: Lin Ziling, MD, Chief physician, Professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Orthopedic Trauma, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Chen Xinmin, Master, First Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81673996

摘要:

文题释义:

钉道强化股骨近端防旋髓内钉:股骨近端防旋髓内钉是治疗不稳定型股骨转子间骨折较为理想的内固定之一,钉道强化即注入骨水泥包裹螺旋刀片近端4条凹槽,增加螺旋刀片把持力和锚固力,降低内固定失败风险。
老年A3.3型股骨转子间骨折:因其骨折累及内外侧壁,极大地增加了骨折不稳定性,加之老年人多为骨质疏松患者,使得老年A3.3型股骨转子间骨折内固定失败和术后并发症风险较高。

背景:骨质疏松和骨折类型是影响股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定后失效的两个重要原因。AO31-A3.3型股骨转子间骨折因其骨折累及内外侧壁,极大地增加了骨折不稳定性,加之老年人多为骨质疏松患者,故老年AO31-A3.3型股骨转子间骨折股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定失败和术后并发症概率较高。
目的:探讨钉道强化和普通股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗AO31-A3.3型股骨转子间骨折的生物力学差异。
方法:选取1例75岁女性AO31-A3.3型股骨转子间骨折志愿者的CT资料,导入Mimics 19.0和Geomagic studio 2017软件中进行提取、优化,得到右侧股骨三维模型。运用Solidworks 2017软件画出内固定模型并与股骨模型按照标准手术技术装配,以STEP格式导入Hypermesh14.0软件中截骨得到AO31-3.3型普通股骨近端防旋髓内钉股骨转子间骨折模型,将螺旋刀片近端周围松质骨重新定义为骨水泥,得到钉道强化股骨近端防旋髓内钉模型。设置材料属性参数、边界条件、施加载荷,分别储存为K文件导入LS-DYNA软件求解。
结果与结论:①与普通股骨近端防旋髓内钉相比,骨水泥钉道强化股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗老年AO31-A3.3型股骨转子间骨折的螺旋刀片切割程度更轻,股骨头颈骨块内翻和旋转角度、位移均更小,具有更好的生物力学效果;②完整的外侧壁可以有效支撑股骨头颈骨块,对抗头颈骨块的内翻和旋转倾向,并作为三点支撑的外侧作用点,有效防止头颈螺钉退出;③骨水泥强大的锚固力能稳定螺旋刀片,增强三点支撑的内侧作用点,并能传导、分散压力。

ORCID: 0000-0002-9519-4797(陈心敏)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 钉道强化, 股骨近端防旋髓内钉, 骨质疏松, AO31-A3.3型股骨转子间骨折, 内固定, 有限元分析

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis and fracture type are two important reasons for the failure of internal fixation of proximal femoral nail antirotation. Type AO31-A3.3 intertrochanteric fracture, because of its involvement in the lateral wall, greatly increased the instability of the fracture. In addition, the elderly are mostly osteoporosis patients, so failure and postoperative complications of internal fixation of proximal femoral nail antirotation in the elderly with type AO31-A3.3 intertrochanteric fracture are higher.  

OBJECTIVE: To explore the difference of biomechanics between bone cement augmented and common proximal femoral nail antirotation in the treatment of type AO31-A3.3 intertrochanteric fracture.

METHODS: CT data of one 75-year-old volunteer with intertrochanteric fracture were selected to import into Mimics 19.0 and Geomagic studio 2017 software to extract and optimize the three-dimensional model of the right femur. SolidWorks 2017 software was used to draw the internal fixation model and assemble it with the femur model according to the standard operation technology. The model was imported into Hypermesh 14.0 software to cut the bone to obtain the type AO31-A3.3 model with common proximal femoral nail antirotation. The cancellous bone around the proximal end of the screw blade was redefined as bone cement, which is the model of bone cement augmented proximal femoral nail antirotation. The material property parameters, boundary conditions and applied loads were set up and stored as K files respectively and imported into LS-DYNA software for solution.  

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the common proximal femoral nail antirotation, the treatment of the elderly type AO31-A3.3 intertrochanteric fracture with the bone cement augmented proximal femoral nail antirotation has the advantages of lighter cutting degree of the screw blade, smaller varus, rotation angle and displacement of the femoral head and neck bone block, and better biomechanical effect. (2) The complete lateral wall can effectively support the femoral head and neck bone block and resist the skull and neck bone block as the lateral action point of three-point support. The pronation and rotation tendency can effectively prevent the head and neck screws from withdrawing. (3) The strong anchoring force of bone cement can stabilize the screw blade, enhance the internal action point of three-point support, and conduct and disperse the pressure.

Key words: bone cement augmented, proximal femoral nail antirotation, osteoporosis, type AO31-A3.3 intertrochanteric femoral fracture, internal fixation, finite element analysis

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